{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206628805","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-021-01271-w","title":"Pattern recognition methodologies for pollen grain image classification: a survey","display_name":"Pattern recognition methodologies for pollen grain image classification: a survey","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206628805","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-021-01271-w"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00138-021-01271-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-021-01271-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00138-021-01271-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27728525","display_name":"Machine Vision and Applications","issn_l":"0932-8092","issn":["0932-8092","1432-1769"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Vision and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00138-021-01271-w.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062085750","display_name":"Philipp Viertel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7274-4290"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203082224","display_name":"Hochschule Bielefeld","ror":"https://ror.org/00edvg943","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203082224"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Philipp Viertel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences Campus Minden, 32427, Minden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7274-4290","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences Campus Minden, 32427, Minden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203082224"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112250676","display_name":"Matthias K\u00f6nig","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203082224","display_name":"Hochschule Bielefeld","ror":"https://ror.org/00edvg943","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203082224"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthias K\u00f6nig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences Campus Minden, 32427, Minden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences Campus Minden, 32427, Minden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203082224"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062085750"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203082224"],"apc_list":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"fwci":3.379,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93596079,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12388","display_name":"Identification and Quantification in Food","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12388","display_name":"Identification and Quantification in Food","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10877","display_name":"Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2723","display_name":"Immunology and Allergy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9728000164031982,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6391221284866333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6283784508705139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pollen","display_name":"Pollen","score":0.5872430801391602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5800426602363586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5736795663833618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.5430540442466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/palynology","display_name":"Palynology","score":0.5149165391921997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.5131574273109436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.48777276277542114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.4296048879623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3740254044532776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.33771592378616333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.11114436388015747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.104773610830307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.08674696087837219}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6391221284866333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6283784508705139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780618852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79932","display_name":"Pollen","level":2,"score":0.5872430801391602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5800426602363586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5736795663833618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.5430540442466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162501224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212919","display_name":"Palynology","level":3,"score":0.5149165391921997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5131574273109436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.48777276277542114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.4296048879623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3740254044532776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33771592378616333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.11114436388015747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.104773610830307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.08674696087837219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00138-021-01271-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-021-01271-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00138-021-01271-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27728525","display_name":"Machine Vision and Applications","issn_l":"0932-8092","issn":["0932-8092","1432-1769"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Vision and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00138-021-01271-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-021-01271-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00138-021-01271-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27728525","display_name":"Machine Vision and Applications","issn_l":"0932-8092","issn":["0932-8092","1432-1769"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Vision and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330126","display_name":"Fachhochschule Bielefeld","ror":"https://ror.org/00edvg943"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4206628805.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4206628805.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1489665012","https://openalex.org/W1504795427","https://openalex.org/W1542530853","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1976417720","https://openalex.org/W1978637913","https://openalex.org/W1983025340","https://openalex.org/W1994708518","https://openalex.org/W2001026279","https://openalex.org/W2001619934","https://openalex.org/W2001713247","https://openalex.org/W2002394272","https://openalex.org/W2006984281","https://openalex.org/W2007037557","https://openalex.org/W2021007752","https://openalex.org/W2022222989","https://openalex.org/W2026732121","https://openalex.org/W2028163703","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2031683335","https://openalex.org/W2050253078","https://openalex.org/W2064423136","https://openalex.org/W2068579472","https://openalex.org/W2076063813","https://openalex.org/W2076485300","https://openalex.org/W2081922194","https://openalex.org/W2086724557","https://openalex.org/W2103647691","https://openalex.org/W2107541361","https://openalex.org/W2109215040","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2115119020","https://openalex.org/W2115211945","https://openalex.org/W2125475192","https://openalex.org/W2127918127","https://openalex.org/W2136656322","https://openalex.org/W2138063975","https://openalex.org/W2139266294","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2163352848","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2395611524","https://openalex.org/W2416777518","https://openalex.org/W2560631471","https://openalex.org/W2589526243","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2769972877","https://openalex.org/W2783143148","https://openalex.org/W2890900069","https://openalex.org/W2892124763","https://openalex.org/W2897583374","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2969049327","https://openalex.org/W2981210038","https://openalex.org/W3009046895","https://openalex.org/W3038130579","https://openalex.org/W3045073967","https://openalex.org/W4210688801","https://openalex.org/W4241469238","https://openalex.org/W4248916923"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2385686118","https://openalex.org/W4295767091","https://openalex.org/W1985174323","https://openalex.org/W2042874314","https://openalex.org/W2594585717","https://openalex.org/W4295746955","https://openalex.org/W1572515261","https://openalex.org/W4296113801","https://openalex.org/W2185919783","https://openalex.org/W2046686462"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1,112],"a":[2,168],"large":[3],"number":[4],"of":[5,17,41,54,82,87,102,140,147,175],"scientific":[6],"areas,":[7],"such":[8,134],"as":[9,86,135],"immunology,":[10],"forensics,":[11],"paleoecology,":[12],"and":[13,57,61,66,71,124,126,130,143,162,180],"archeology,":[14],"the":[15,39,42,45,52,80,100,144,148,172,176,183],"study":[16],"pollen,":[18],"i.e.,":[19],"palynology,":[20],"plays":[21],"an":[22,48],"important":[23],"role:":[24],"from":[25],"tracking":[26],"climate":[27],"changes,":[28],"studying":[29],"allergies,":[30],"to":[31,51],"forensic":[32],"investigations":[33],"or":[34],"honey":[35],"origin":[36],"analysis.":[37],"Since":[38],"mid-nineties":[40],"last":[43],"century,":[44],"idea":[46],"for":[47,182],"automated":[49],"solution":[50],"problem":[53],"pollen":[55,122],"identification":[56],"classification":[58,125],"was":[59],"formulated":[60],"since":[62],"then,":[63],"several":[64],"attempts":[65],"proposals":[67],"have":[68],"been":[69],"made":[70],"presented,":[72],"based":[73],"on":[74,171],"different":[75,138],"technologies,":[76],"in":[77,79],"particular":[78],"field":[81],"Computer":[83],"Vision.":[84],"However,":[85],"2021":[88],"microscopic":[89],"analyses":[90],"are":[91,109,151],"performed":[92],"mainly":[93],"manually":[94],"by":[95],"highly":[96],"trained":[97],"specialists,":[98],"although":[99],"capabilities":[101],"artificial":[103],"intelligence,":[104],"especially":[105],"Deep":[106],"Neural":[107],"Networks,":[108],"steadily":[110],"increasing.":[111],"this":[113],"work,":[114],"we":[115],"analyzed":[116],"various":[117],"state-of-the-art":[118],"research":[119],"work":[120,161,165],"concerning":[121],"detection":[123],"compared":[127],"their":[128],"methods":[129,139],"results.":[131],"The":[132],"problems,":[133],"data":[136],"accessibility,":[137],"Machine":[141],"Learning,":[142],"intended":[145],"applicability":[146],"proposed":[149],"solutions":[150],"explored.":[152],"We":[153],"also":[154],"identified":[155],"crucial":[156],"issues":[157],"that":[158],"require":[159],"further":[160],"research.":[163],"Our":[164],"will":[166],"provide":[167],"thorough":[169],"view":[170],"current":[173],"state":[174],"art,":[177],"its":[178],"issues,":[179],"possibilities":[181],"future.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-06-24T13:16:06.693445","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}