{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3103836116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40994-3_25","title":"Evasion Attacks against Machine Learning at Test Time","display_name":"Evasion Attacks against Machine Learning at Test Time","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3103836116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40994-3_25","mag":"3103836116"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-40994-3_25","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40994-3_25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1708.06131","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Battista Biggio","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Battista Biggio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi, 09123, Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi, 09123, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Igino Corona","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Igino Corona","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi, 09123, Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi, 09123, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Davide Maiorca","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Maiorca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi, 09123, Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi, 09123, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Blaine Nelson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176453806","display_name":"University of Potsdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03bnmw459","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Blaine Nelson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Informatik, Universit\u00e4t Potsdam, August-Bebel-Stra\u00dfe 89, 14482, Potsdam, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Informatik, Universit\u00e4t Potsdam, August-Bebel-Stra\u00dfe 89, 14482, Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Nedim \u0160rndi\u0107","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8087733","display_name":"University of T\u00fcbingen","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1kwz48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nedim \u0160rndi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wilhelm Schickard Institute for Computer Science, University of T\u00fcbingen, Sand 1, 72076, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wilhelm Schickard Institute for Computer Science, University of T\u00fcbingen, Sand 1, 72076, T\u00fcbingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Pavel Laskov","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8087733","display_name":"University of T\u00fcbingen","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1kwz48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pavel Laskov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wilhelm Schickard Institute for Computer Science, University of T\u00fcbingen, Sand 1, 72076, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wilhelm Schickard Institute for Computer Science, University of T\u00fcbingen, Sand 1, 72076, T\u00fcbingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Giorgio Giacinto","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giorgio Giacinto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi, 09123, Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi, 09123, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Fabio Roli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabio Roli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi, 09123, Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi, 09123, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.7562,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":869,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96762762,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"387","last_page":"402"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.7312999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.7312999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.2076999992132187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.01119999960064888,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-machine-learning","display_name":"Adversarial machine learning","score":0.6536999940872192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6033999919891357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vetting","display_name":"Vetting","score":0.5625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.5598000288009644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evasion","display_name":"Evasion (ethics)","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.5131000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sketch","display_name":"Sketch","score":0.46810001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.45019999146461487}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8938000202178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6976000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778403875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20312394","display_name":"Adversarial machine learning","level":3,"score":0.6536999940872192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6305000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6033999919891357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777230681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7923820","display_name":"Vetting","level":2,"score":0.5625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.5598000288009644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781251061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416089","display_name":"Evasion (ethics)","level":3,"score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.5131000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534724","display_name":"Sketch","level":2,"score":0.46810001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.45019999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4440999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.3977000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.36390000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65856478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3991682","display_name":"Attack model","level":2,"score":0.32019999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195518309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13424265","display_name":"Security testing","level":5,"score":0.29670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199190896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3509276","display_name":"Learning classifier system","level":3,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174333608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19635","display_name":"Trojan","level":2,"score":0.2879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.28369998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.27570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.25380000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.2517000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110083411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1744628","display_name":"Statistical classification","level":2,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-40994-3_25","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40994-3_25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1708.06131","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1708.06131","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1708.06131","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unica.it:11584/105260","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11584/105260","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196293","display_name":"UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","host_organization_name":"University of Cagliari","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unige.it:11567/1093477","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11567/1093477","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196291","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial Research Information System (University of Genoa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","host_organization_name":"University of Genoa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1708.06131","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1708.06131","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1708.06131","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1519407765","https://openalex.org/W1966912382","https://openalex.org/W2010967033","https://openalex.org/W2047237187","https://openalex.org/W2082190528","https://openalex.org/W2095577883","https://openalex.org/W2114296159","https://openalex.org/W2140658437","https://openalex.org/W2144906988","https://openalex.org/W2151298633","https://openalex.org/W2293768274","https://openalex.org/W2296452361","https://openalex.org/W2611675901"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3107474891","https://openalex.org/W3003942856","https://openalex.org/W3019040220","https://openalex.org/W2997738523","https://openalex.org/W2039731557","https://openalex.org/W2954121957","https://openalex.org/W2526398307","https://openalex.org/W2898879311","https://openalex.org/W2899435184","https://openalex.org/W2282042430"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":100},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":131},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":122},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":127},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":95},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":98},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":98},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-27T08:22:11.395708","created_date":"2020-11-23T00:00:00"}
