{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1488017359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14418-9_12","title":"On Designing Controlled Natural Languages for Semantic Annotation","display_name":"On Designing Controlled Natural Languages for Semantic Annotation","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1488017359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14418-9_12","mag":"1488017359"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-14418-9_12","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14418-9_12","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064395265","display_name":"Brian Davis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5759-2655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188760350","display_name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway","ror":"https://ror.org/03bea9k73","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Brian Davis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Enterprise Research Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Enterprise Research Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058601904","display_name":"Pradeep Dantuluri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188760350","display_name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway","ror":"https://ror.org/03bea9k73","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pradeep Dantuluri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Enterprise Research Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Enterprise Research Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006589270","display_name":"Laura Dr\u0103gan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188760350","display_name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway","ror":"https://ror.org/03bea9k73","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Dragan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Enterprise Research Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Enterprise Research Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024322708","display_name":"Siegfried Handschuh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6195-9034"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188760350","display_name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway","ror":"https://ror.org/03bea9k73","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siegfried Handschuh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Enterprise Research Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Enterprise Research Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000140583","display_name":"Hamish Cunningham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5901-5483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamish Cunningham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sheffield NLP Group, University of Sheffield,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sheffield NLP Group, University of Sheffield,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064395265"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5651,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64465024,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"187","last_page":"205"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.901366114616394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.7536669373512268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-annotation","display_name":"Temporal annotation","score":0.6578654050827026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.6200639009475708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5667668581008911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.5322828888893127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotation-formalisms-in-three-dimensions","display_name":"Rotation formalisms in three dimensions","score":0.5266523361206055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","score":0.49484962224960327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4900178015232086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4890785813331604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4713049829006195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4711764454841614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-extraction","display_name":"Information extraction","score":0.47110632061958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-computing","display_name":"Semantic computing","score":0.4290789067745209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-web","display_name":"Semantic Web","score":0.2199103832244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.20718169212341309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-networking-language","display_name":"Universal Networking Language","score":0.20561271905899048}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.901366114616394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.7536669373512268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7044111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15844891","display_name":"Temporal annotation","level":5,"score":0.6578654050827026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.6200639009475708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5667668581008911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.5322828888893127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171018156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7370306","display_name":"Rotation formalisms in three dimensions","level":2,"score":0.5266523361206055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.49484962224960327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4900178015232086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4890785813331604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4713049829006195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4711764454841614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195807954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662562","display_name":"Information extraction","level":2,"score":0.47110632061958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511149849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449051","display_name":"Semantic computing","level":3,"score":0.4290789067745209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2129575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54837","display_name":"Semantic Web","level":2,"score":0.2199103832244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.20718169212341309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83479923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2063748","display_name":"Universal Networking Language","level":4,"score":0.20561271905899048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129353971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156949","display_name":"Comprehension approach","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-14418-9_12","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14418-9_12","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.394.3822","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.394.3822","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://smile.deri.ie/sites/default/files/CNL09Extend.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4508078","https://openalex.org/W60769873","https://openalex.org/W163752973","https://openalex.org/W174642550","https://openalex.org/W1483658097","https://openalex.org/W1500674139","https://openalex.org/W1501809553","https://openalex.org/W1519075555","https://openalex.org/W1535133686","https://openalex.org/W1555867349","https://openalex.org/W1559627585","https://openalex.org/W1568922413","https://openalex.org/W1593904304","https://openalex.org/W1606882635","https://openalex.org/W1773380474","https://openalex.org/W1860937800","https://openalex.org/W2089097159","https://openalex.org/W2099690737","https://openalex.org/W2129540095","https://openalex.org/W2170716495","https://openalex.org/W2243410218","https://openalex.org/W2490667291","https://openalex.org/W2501765443","https://openalex.org/W3041552664","https://openalex.org/W4250493791"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2096409361","https://openalex.org/W2147150441","https://openalex.org/W2023896637","https://openalex.org/W2035817796","https://openalex.org/W2911477764","https://openalex.org/W2024882794","https://openalex.org/W1560965973","https://openalex.org/W159197144","https://openalex.org/W2109995065","https://openalex.org/W2002758009"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}