{"id":"https://openalex.org/W89776269","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79567-4_143","title":"Luminance, Contrast Ratio and Grey Scale","display_name":"Luminance, Contrast Ratio and Grey Scale","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W89776269","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79567-4_143","mag":"89776269"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-79567-4_143","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79567-4_143","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306511887","display_name":"Handbook of Visual Display Technology","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Handbook of Visual Display Technology","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032579383","display_name":"Karlheinz Blankenbach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3199-2789"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27469343","display_name":"Pforzheim University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00qakfc35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27469343"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Karlheinz Blankenbach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Display Lab, Pforzheim University, Tiefenbronner Str. 65, 75175, Pforzheim, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Display Lab, Pforzheim University, Tiefenbronner Str. 65, 75175, Pforzheim, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27469343"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032579383"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27469343"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03963594,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2289","last_page":"2306"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.9776999950408936,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.9776999950408936,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/luminance","display_name":"Luminance","score":0.8064713478088379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grey-scale","display_name":"Grey scale","score":0.6333168148994446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.589753270149231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4046650528907776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3850288987159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.35387247800827026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3444458246231079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.24139055609703064}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73313986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355386","display_name":"Luminance","level":2,"score":0.8064713478088379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992798094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685727","display_name":"Grey scale","level":2,"score":0.6333168148994446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.589753270149231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4046650528907776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3850288987159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.35387247800827026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3444458246231079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.24139055609703064}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-79567-4_143","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79567-4_143","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306511887","display_name":"Handbook of Visual Display Technology","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Handbook of Visual Display Technology","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W616628240","https://openalex.org/W1528695520","https://openalex.org/W1551361661","https://openalex.org/W1952878045","https://openalex.org/W2015579084","https://openalex.org/W2016259051","https://openalex.org/W2042938170","https://openalex.org/W2081384342","https://openalex.org/W2170777461","https://openalex.org/W2285500911","https://openalex.org/W2336580296","https://openalex.org/W2412389806","https://openalex.org/W2485092916","https://openalex.org/W2734890341","https://openalex.org/W3035355185","https://openalex.org/W6703230911","https://openalex.org/W7048062858"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4320811325","https://openalex.org/W2754502502","https://openalex.org/W2750870760","https://openalex.org/W1992349483","https://openalex.org/W1964266265","https://openalex.org/W2066744381","https://openalex.org/W2035010042","https://openalex.org/W3101031720","https://openalex.org/W4242574474","https://openalex.org/W2067489452"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
