{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2129773851","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39893-6_23","title":"A Refinement Tool for Z","display_name":"A Refinement Tool for Z","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2129773851","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39893-6_23","mag":"2129773851"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-39893-6_23","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39893-6_23","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026492981","display_name":"\u00c2ngela Freitas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1081-2147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25112270","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Pernambuco","ror":"https://ror.org/047908t24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Angela Freitas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Pernambuco/Centro de Inform\u00e1tica, P.O. Box 7851, 50740-540, Recife, PE, Brazil","Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Inform\u00e1tica#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Pernambuco/Centro de Inform\u00e1tica, P.O. Box 7851, 50740-540, Recife, PE, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Inform\u00e1tica#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074270035","display_name":"Carla Manuela Crispim Nascimento","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6446-796X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25112270","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Pernambuco","ror":"https://ror.org/047908t24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carla Nascimento","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Pernambuco/Centro de Inform\u00e1tica, P.O. Box 7851, 50740-540, Recife, PE, Brazil","Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Inform\u00e1tica#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Pernambuco/Centro de Inform\u00e1tica, P.O. Box 7851, 50740-540, Recife, PE, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Inform\u00e1tica#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073408099","display_name":"Ana Cavalcanti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0831-1976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","display_name":"University of Kent","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkeyj56","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Cavalcanti","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Kent/Computing Laboratory Canterbury, CT2 7NF, Kent, England","University of Kent/Computing Laboratory Canterbury"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kent/Computing Laboratory Canterbury, CT2 7NF, Kent, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kent/Computing Laboratory Canterbury","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026492981"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.24467005,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"396","last_page":"415"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.8364263772964478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refinement-calculus","display_name":"Refinement calculus","score":0.5362353324890137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5360930562019348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4924203157424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/style","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","score":0.4587782323360443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calculus","display_name":"Calculus (dental)","score":0.36500102281570435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20897850394248962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.11608082056045532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.07014060020446777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeology","display_name":"Archaeology","score":0.04319268465042114}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.8364263772964478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90483712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7307205","display_name":"Refinement calculus","level":2,"score":0.5362353324890137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5360930562019348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4924203157424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.4587782323360443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777686260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q144037","display_name":"Calculus (dental)","level":2,"score":0.36500102281570435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20897850394248962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.11608082056045532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07014060020446777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.04319268465042114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-39893-6_23","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39893-6_23","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kar.kent.ac.uk:14019","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://kar.kent.ac.uk/14019/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196264","display_name":"Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","host_organization_name":"University of Kent","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Book section"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W302065646","https://openalex.org/W380079223","https://openalex.org/W765246765","https://openalex.org/W1492315860","https://openalex.org/W1500473389","https://openalex.org/W1503870455","https://openalex.org/W1521083034","https://openalex.org/W1536956420","https://openalex.org/W1552647623","https://openalex.org/W1588335385","https://openalex.org/W1789433590","https://openalex.org/W1981759149","https://openalex.org/W2013149850","https://openalex.org/W2016535383","https://openalex.org/W2080782424","https://openalex.org/W2098243945","https://openalex.org/W2103953153","https://openalex.org/W2132644164","https://openalex.org/W2133130611","https://openalex.org/W2144973245","https://openalex.org/W2231897812","https://openalex.org/W2283795412","https://openalex.org/W2498320337","https://openalex.org/W3021087793","https://openalex.org/W4254354208","https://openalex.org/W4388782146"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2504004674","https://openalex.org/W2024638892","https://openalex.org/W2498744856","https://openalex.org/W763418848","https://openalex.org/W1595229445","https://openalex.org/W149041114","https://openalex.org/W2963177394","https://openalex.org/W1965815883","https://openalex.org/W2234831441","https://openalex.org/W2183590898"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
