{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2115366628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24646-6_12","title":"Reject-Optional LVQ-Based Two-Level Classifier to Improve Reliability in Footstep Identification","display_name":"Reject-Optional LVQ-Based Two-Level Classifier to Improve Reliability in Footstep Identification","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2115366628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24646-6_12","mag":"2115366628"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-24646-6_12","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24646-6_12","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031040428","display_name":"Jaakko Suutala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6605-0057"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaakko Suutala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Systems Group, Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland","[Univ. of Oulu]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Systems Group, Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Univ. of Oulu]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000765468","display_name":"Susanna Pirttikangas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2428-9948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susanna Pirttikangas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Systems Group, Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland","[Univ. of Oulu]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Systems Group, Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Univ. of Oulu]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009824133","display_name":"Jukka Riekki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1694-9152"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jukka Riekki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Systems Group, Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland","[Univ. of Oulu]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Systems Group, Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Univ. of Oulu]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070507098","display_name":"Juha R\u00f6ning","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9993-8602"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juha R\u00f6ning","raw_affiliation_strings":["[Univ. of Oulu]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Univ. of Oulu]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"182","last_page":"187"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-vector-quantization","display_name":"Learning vector quantization","score":0.9451041221618652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7501416802406311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.7471351623535156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6038287281990051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5549726486206055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.5197581648826599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.42000266909599304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vector-quantization","display_name":"Vector quantization","score":0.3782218098640442}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40567965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820283","display_name":"Learning vector quantization","level":3,"score":0.9451041221618652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7501416802406311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.7471351623535156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6038287281990051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5549726486206055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.5197581648826599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.42000266909599304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199833920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q612536","display_name":"Vector quantization","level":2,"score":0.3782218098640442}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-24646-6_12","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24646-6_12","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.126.4266","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.126.4266","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ee.oulu.fi/mvg/files/pdf/pdf_485.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1679913846","https://openalex.org/W1835182418","https://openalex.org/W1964562600","https://openalex.org/W1972861132","https://openalex.org/W2020405099","https://openalex.org/W2134253020","https://openalex.org/W2137560901","https://openalex.org/W2158275940","https://openalex.org/W4237222446"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992825654","https://openalex.org/W1835182418","https://openalex.org/W3049633467","https://openalex.org/W2114221533","https://openalex.org/W2559504630","https://openalex.org/W1869928576","https://openalex.org/W2621186532","https://openalex.org/W2041709363","https://openalex.org/W2079759840","https://openalex.org/W2144289903"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}