{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4397029720","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-60626-7_11","title":"Large Language Models for\u00a0Scientific Question Answering: An Extensive Analysis of\u00a0the\u00a0SciQA Benchmark","display_name":"Large Language Models for\u00a0Scientific Question Answering: An Extensive Analysis of\u00a0the\u00a0SciQA Benchmark","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4397029720","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-60626-7_11"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-60626-7_11","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-60626-7_11","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://boa.unimib.it/bitstream/10281/521179/1/Lehmann-2024-ESWC-Preprint.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067133778","display_name":"Jens Lehmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9108-4278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089985","display_name":"Amazon (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00b9ktm87","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040","https://openalex.org/I4210089985"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jens Lehmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon, Munich, Germany","ScaDS.AI - TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089985"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ScaDS.AI - TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003055655","display_name":"Antonello Meloni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6768-4599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonello Meloni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068408717","display_name":"Enrico Motta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0015-1952"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","display_name":"The Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mzfcs16","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enrico Motta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066447873","display_name":"Francesco Osborne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6557-3131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","display_name":"The Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mzfcs16","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","display_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","ror":"https://ror.org/01ynf4891","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}],"countries":["GB","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Osborne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Business and Law, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy","Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business and Law, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014673075","display_name":"Diego Reforgiato Recupero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8646-6183"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diego Reforgiato Recupero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074395069","display_name":"Angelo A. Salatino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4763-3943"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","display_name":"The Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mzfcs16","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angelo Antonio Salatino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102785999","display_name":"Sahar Vahdati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7171-169X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sahar Vahdati","raw_affiliation_strings":["ScaDS.AI - TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ScaDS.AI - TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067133778"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089985","https://openalex.org/I78650965"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.504,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96123815,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"199","last_page":"217"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13274","display_name":"Expert finding and Q&A systems","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8501205444335938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.7203753590583801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7184323668479919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.508401095867157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4557880461215973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.33763551712036133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.0716855525970459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8501205444335938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.7203753590583801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7184323668479919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.508401095867157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4557880461215973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.33763551712036133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0716855525970459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-60626-7_11","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-60626-7_11","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:boa.unimib.it:10281/521179","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10281/521179","pdf_url":"https://boa.unimib.it/bitstream/10281/521179/1/Lehmann-2024-ESWC-Preprint.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401259","display_name":"BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","host_organization_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unica.it:11584/426624","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11584/426624","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196293","display_name":"UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","host_organization_name":"University of Cagliari","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:boa.unimib.it:10281/521179","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10281/521179","pdf_url":"https://boa.unimib.it/bitstream/10281/521179/1/Lehmann-2024-ESWC-Preprint.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401259","display_name":"BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","host_organization_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4397029720.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1552847225","https://openalex.org/W2080133951","https://openalex.org/W2981852735","https://openalex.org/W3003813211","https://openalex.org/W3010336026","https://openalex.org/W3103469330","https://openalex.org/W3113529090","https://openalex.org/W3122241445","https://openalex.org/W3205057941","https://openalex.org/W4281741710","https://openalex.org/W4285222754","https://openalex.org/W4312311432","https://openalex.org/W4312578828","https://openalex.org/W4316036080","https://openalex.org/W4327797471","https://openalex.org/W4362579589","https://openalex.org/W4362655426","https://openalex.org/W4372334257","https://openalex.org/W4382202657","https://openalex.org/W4385565879","https://openalex.org/W4385571445","https://openalex.org/W4387171349","https://openalex.org/W4388144273","https://openalex.org/W4388725834","https://openalex.org/W4389519994","https://openalex.org/W4389523998","https://openalex.org/W4392337553","https://openalex.org/W4401667275","https://openalex.org/W6602377611","https://openalex.org/W6603094881","https://openalex.org/W6681176463","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6778883912","https://openalex.org/W6800875267"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2384605597","https://openalex.org/W2378211422","https://openalex.org/W2745001401","https://openalex.org/W4321353415","https://openalex.org/W2387743295","https://openalex.org/W2130974462","https://openalex.org/W2028665553","https://openalex.org/W2086519370","https://openalex.org/W972276598","https://openalex.org/W3204019825"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2024-05-19T00:00:00"}