{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2981749566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32101-7_3","title":"Compounding of Wealth in Proof-of-Stake Cryptocurrencies","display_name":"Compounding of Wealth in Proof-of-Stake Cryptocurrencies","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2981749566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32101-7_3","mag":"2981749566"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-32101-7_3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32101-7_3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076026636","display_name":"Giulia Fanti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7671-2624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giulia Fanti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083006127","display_name":"Leonid Kogan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonid Kogan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028243041","display_name":"Sewoong Oh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8975-8306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58610484","display_name":"Seattle University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqc0m91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58610484"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sewoong Oh","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I58610484"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002262221","display_name":"Kathleen Ruan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathleen Ruan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053980484","display_name":"Pramod Viswanath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3171-8667"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pramod Viswanath","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087174570","display_name":"Gerui Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3378-8861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.4053,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98993102,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"42","last_page":"61"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compounding","display_name":"Compounding","score":0.943367600440979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptocurrency","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","score":0.8872597813606262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.751960277557373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2195722758769989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.06511345505714417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.06384146213531494}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207673951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303150","display_name":"Compounding","level":2,"score":0.943367600440979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180706569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13479982","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","level":2,"score":0.8872597813606262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.751960277557373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2195722758769989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.06511345505714417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.06384146213531494}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-030-32101-7_3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32101-7_3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"No poverty"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1523833175","https://openalex.org/W1997333829","https://openalex.org/W2103863878","https://openalex.org/W2295506186","https://openalex.org/W2332078328","https://openalex.org/W2486460265","https://openalex.org/W2492405611","https://openalex.org/W2573050643","https://openalex.org/W2616147445","https://openalex.org/W2738891482","https://openalex.org/W2739845435","https://openalex.org/W2763398287","https://openalex.org/W2794998188","https://openalex.org/W2981749566","https://openalex.org/W3015706207","https://openalex.org/W4244872530","https://openalex.org/W6602606630"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2466239135","https://openalex.org/W1946517836","https://openalex.org/W4387516256","https://openalex.org/W2470346308","https://openalex.org/W94067344","https://openalex.org/W2168984971","https://openalex.org/W25146659"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-03T07:22:36.454288","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}