{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1797159706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11814771_9","title":"A Logical Characterization of Forward and Backward Chaining in the Inverse Method","display_name":"A Logical Characterization of Forward and Backward Chaining in the Inverse Method","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1797159706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11814771_9","mag":"1797159706"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/11814771_9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11814771_9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056733524","display_name":"Kaustuv Chaudhuri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-547X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kaustuv Chaudhuri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021476649","display_name":"Frank Pfenning","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8279-5817"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Pfenning","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110044858","display_name":"Greg Price","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Greg Price","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056733524"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2088,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80014264,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"97","last_page":"111"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chaining","display_name":"Chaining","score":0.821273922920227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forward-chaining","display_name":"Forward chaining","score":0.806844174861908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backward-chaining","display_name":"Backward chaining","score":0.7289897203445435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse","display_name":"Inverse","score":0.7054032683372498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.6362926363945007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5825425386428833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/characterization","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","score":0.5735790133476257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5688347816467285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.48119932413101196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.46935635805130005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/horn-clause","display_name":"Horn clause","score":0.4548114836215973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3255976438522339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3181619346141815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prolog","display_name":"Prolog","score":0.1884518563747406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1876780092716217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.08246845006942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08102834224700928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.07605153322219849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.07469111680984497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-system","display_name":"Expert system","score":0.05639812350273132}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49020025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059099","display_name":"Chaining","level":2,"score":0.821273922920227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142614401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777433","display_name":"Forward chaining","level":3,"score":0.806844174861908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129916263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141183","display_name":"Backward chaining","level":4,"score":0.7289897203445435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207467116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4385666","display_name":"Inverse","level":2,"score":0.7054032683372498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.6362926363945007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5825425386428833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.5735790133476257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5688347816467285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.48119932413101196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.46935635805130005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189790780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q933932","display_name":"Horn clause","level":3,"score":0.4548114836215973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3255976438522339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3181619346141815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81721847","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163468","display_name":"Prolog","level":2,"score":0.1884518563747406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1876780092716217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.08246845006942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08102834224700928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.07605153322219849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.07469111680984497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58328972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184609","display_name":"Expert system","level":2,"score":0.05639812350273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46743427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1341685","display_name":"Inference engine","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/11814771_9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11814771_9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W26908971","https://openalex.org/W1499238414","https://openalex.org/W1525298231","https://openalex.org/W1577904430","https://openalex.org/W1706340846","https://openalex.org/W1752737408","https://openalex.org/W1807903125","https://openalex.org/W1974148087","https://openalex.org/W1981368022","https://openalex.org/W2021289373","https://openalex.org/W2021473914","https://openalex.org/W2039977878","https://openalex.org/W2070324762","https://openalex.org/W2106458801","https://openalex.org/W2145617779","https://openalex.org/W2164449382","https://openalex.org/W2495294878","https://openalex.org/W4229861117","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4238340239","https://openalex.org/W2472912427","https://openalex.org/W2114383597","https://openalex.org/W2184441786","https://openalex.org/W2886511220","https://openalex.org/W2613924724","https://openalex.org/W3159334695","https://openalex.org/W4296096530","https://openalex.org/W9842732","https://openalex.org/W2335488644"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
