{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130848476","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44443-026-00548-2","title":"Dynamic relay selection for AoI minimization in short packets based full-duplex energy harvesting-IoT networks","display_name":"Dynamic relay selection for AoI minimization in short packets based full-duplex energy harvesting-IoT networks","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130848476","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44443-026-00548-2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44443-026-00548-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44443-026-00548-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764955546","display_name":"Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences","issn_l":"1319-1578","issn":["1319-1578","2213-1248"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of King Saud University Computer and Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44443-026-00548-2","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126526618","display_name":"Mangang Xie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68986083","display_name":"Northwest Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00gx3j908","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mangang Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054413055","display_name":"Changhao Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-8445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68986083","display_name":"Northwest Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00gx3j908","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changhao Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126551709","display_name":"Xiangdong Jia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68986083","display_name":"Northwest Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00gx3j908","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangdong Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5126526618"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"],"apc_list":{"value":1350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1350},"apc_paid":{"value":1350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1350},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15559503,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.00279999990016222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.8385999798774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.5443999767303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.49480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.4814999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.4706999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.4659999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.42309999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imperfect","display_name":"Imperfect","score":0.4205999970436096}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.8385999798774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.5443999767303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.49480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.4814999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.4706999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4697999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.4659999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.42309999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780310539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12547192","display_name":"Imperfect","level":2,"score":0.4205999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180611318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316902","display_name":"Retransmission","level":3,"score":0.40230000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.3910999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.3865000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3822000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.36980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123676819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074338","display_name":"Perfect information","level":2,"score":0.3596000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117251300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1849855","display_name":"Parametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.3425000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.33489999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.30730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101518730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930236","display_name":"Energy harvesting","level":3,"score":0.2856000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.2639000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.2630999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203274722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001161","display_name":"Network performance","level":2,"score":0.25619998574256897}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44443-026-00548-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44443-026-00548-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764955546","display_name":"Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences","issn_l":"1319-1578","issn":["1319-1578","2213-1248"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of King Saud University Computer and Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:73fcc0416fc54ab992d1bc2f584118eb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/73fcc0416fc54ab992d1bc2f584118eb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of King Saud University: Computer and Information Sciences, Vol 38, Iss 4 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44443-026-00548-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44443-026-00548-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764955546","display_name":"Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences","issn_l":"1319-1578","issn":["1319-1578","2213-1248"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of King Saud University Computer and Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8286712169647217}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1539841317","https://openalex.org/W1970679118","https://openalex.org/W1993918491","https://openalex.org/W2066786775","https://openalex.org/W2099692390","https://openalex.org/W2106864314","https://openalex.org/W2345637103","https://openalex.org/W2792823915","https://openalex.org/W2885592455","https://openalex.org/W2889316173","https://openalex.org/W2919175626","https://openalex.org/W2951452709","https://openalex.org/W2960308605","https://openalex.org/W2962933829","https://openalex.org/W2962999278","https://openalex.org/W2963053102","https://openalex.org/W2963601788","https://openalex.org/W2967840800","https://openalex.org/W2977041145","https://openalex.org/W2981417147","https://openalex.org/W2996238281","https://openalex.org/W3006383992","https://openalex.org/W3013374752","https://openalex.org/W3013651159","https://openalex.org/W3019450228","https://openalex.org/W3019935896","https://openalex.org/W3035977066","https://openalex.org/W3118039346","https://openalex.org/W3128811776","https://openalex.org/W3137144115","https://openalex.org/W3177175347","https://openalex.org/W3203778212","https://openalex.org/W4210342253","https://openalex.org/W4313048637","https://openalex.org/W4379620559","https://openalex.org/W4385820018","https://openalex.org/W4387250264","https://openalex.org/W4389776294","https://openalex.org/W4391496541","https://openalex.org/W4393950855","https://openalex.org/W4396877844","https://openalex.org/W4396909881","https://openalex.org/W4399039726","https://openalex.org/W4400276374","https://openalex.org/W4402661222","https://openalex.org/W4402674218","https://openalex.org/W4403060993","https://openalex.org/W4405232196","https://openalex.org/W4409560482","https://openalex.org/W4410087541","https://openalex.org/W4411688930","https://openalex.org/W4412403958","https://openalex.org/W4414646966","https://openalex.org/W4417281860"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"burgeoning":[1],"demand":[2],"for":[3,33,183,249],"real-time":[4],"status":[5,132,251],"updates":[6],"in":[7,51,91,106,120,135,144,166],"the":[8,14,17,52,82,95,101,123,141,184,206,211],"Internet":[9],"of":[10,16,19,54,85],"Things":[11],"(IoT)":[12],"underscores":[13],"importance":[15],"age":[18],"information":[20,45,201],"(AoI).":[21],"While":[22],"full-duplex":[23],"(FD)":[24],"relaying":[25,233,239],"and":[26,37,60,171,195,208,223],"energy":[27,58,161],"harvesting":[28],"(EH)":[29],"are":[30],"promising":[31],"techniques":[32],"extending":[34],"network":[35,89],"lifetime":[36],"improving":[38],"spectral":[39],"efficiency,":[40],"their":[41],"joint":[42],"impact":[43],"on":[44,69,148],"freshness":[46],"remains":[47],"poorly":[48],"understood,":[49],"especially":[50],"presence":[53],"residual":[55,196],"self-interference,":[56],"stochastic":[57,160],"supply,":[59],"short-packet":[61,172],"transmissions.":[62],"Unlike":[63],"existing":[64],"AoI-related":[65],"works":[66],"that":[67,128,157,210,231],"focus":[68],"half-duplex":[70,238],"relaying,":[71],"fixed":[72],"relay":[73,117,192],"participation,":[74],"or":[75],"infinite":[76],"blocklength":[77,97],"assumptions,":[78],"this":[79,149],"paper":[80],"investigates":[81],"AoI":[83,213],"performance":[84],"a":[86,112,131,153,180,227],"multi-relay":[87,108],"EH-IoT":[88],"operating":[90],"FD":[92,167,232],"mode":[93],"under":[94],"finite":[96],"regime.":[98],"To":[99],"overcome":[100],"excessive":[102],"waiting":[103],"delay":[104],"inherent":[105],"conventional":[107],"cooperation,":[109],"we":[110,151,178],"propose":[111],"novel":[113],"earliest-$$\\ell":[114],"$$":[115,126],"partial":[116],"cooperation":[118],"scheme,":[119,150],"which":[121],"only":[122],"first":[124],"$$\\ell":[125,224],"relays":[127],"successfully":[129],"decode":[130],"update":[133,252],"participate":[134],"forwarding.":[136],"This":[137],"design":[138,247],"fundamentally":[139],"reshapes":[140],"delay-reliability":[142],"trade-off":[143],"AoI-oriented":[145],"systems.":[146,253],"Building":[147],"develop":[152],"unified":[154],"analytical":[155],"framework":[156],"jointly":[158],"captures":[159],"arrivals,":[162],"imperfect":[163],"self-interference":[164,241],"cancellation":[165],"relays,":[168],"co-channel":[169],"interference,":[170],"communications.":[173],"By":[174],"leveraging":[175],"order":[176],"statistics,":[177],"derive":[179],"closed-form":[181],"expression":[182],"average":[185,212],"AoI,":[186],"explicitly":[187],"revealing":[188],"how":[189],"packet":[190,221],"length,":[191],"selection":[193],"size,":[194],"interference":[197],"interact":[198],"to":[199,219,237],"determine":[200],"freshness.":[202],"Numerical":[203],"results":[204],"validate":[205],"analysis":[207],"demonstrate":[209],"exhibits":[214],"non-monotonic":[215],"behavior":[216],"with":[217],"respect":[218],"both":[220],"length":[222],"$$.":[225],"Moreover,":[226],"key":[228],"insight":[229],"is":[230,242],"may":[234],"be":[235],"inferior":[236],"unless":[240],"sufficiently":[243],"suppressed,":[244],"providing":[245],"important":[246],"guidelines":[248],"practical":[250]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-07T06:04:25.777469","created_date":"2026-02-22T00:00:00"}