{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7135078010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44443-026-00531-x","title":"Causal Semantics Refinement Model for Event Causality Identification via information bottleneck representation learning","display_name":"Causal Semantics Refinement Model for Event Causality Identification via information bottleneck representation learning","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7135078010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44443-026-00531-x"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44443-026-00531-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44443-026-00531-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764955546","display_name":"Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences","issn_l":"1319-1578","issn":["1319-1578","2213-1248"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of King Saud University Computer and Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44443-026-00531-x","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128813161","display_name":"Rui Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128911952","display_name":"Wenzhong Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenzhong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9351-8738","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128847450","display_name":"Yabo Yin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yabo Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030327639","display_name":"Haipeng Jing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2279-3676"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haipeng Jing","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128830199","display_name":"Hongzhen Lv","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongzhen Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128917530","display_name":"Fuyuan Wei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fuyuan Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128823357","display_name":"Liejun Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liejun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128829326","display_name":"Jiawen Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiawen Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5128847450","https://openalex.org/A5128911952"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"],"apc_list":{"value":1350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1350},"apc_paid":{"value":1350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1350},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2786976,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.3100999891757965,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.3100999891757965,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.09560000151395798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.08009999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.6812999844551086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.5756999850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causality","display_name":"Causality (physics)","score":0.5677000284194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5407999753952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.48539999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4805999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-model","display_name":"Causal model","score":0.46959999203681946}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7078999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6812999844551086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.5756999850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5677000284194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5407999753952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5116999745368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.48539999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4805999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11671645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054567","display_name":"Causal model","level":2,"score":0.46959999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60008888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6031013","display_name":"Information bottleneck method","level":3,"score":0.4577000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.44440001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4138999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4124000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.36629998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.35179999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163504300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2364925","display_name":"Causal structure","level":2,"score":0.3425999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.33250001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778828372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283209","display_name":"Distributional semantics","level":3,"score":0.2989000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158600405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054566","display_name":"Causal inference","level":2,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.2831000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115086926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17004651","display_name":"Causal reasoning","level":3,"score":0.26010000705718994}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44443-026-00531-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44443-026-00531-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764955546","display_name":"Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences","issn_l":"1319-1578","issn":["1319-1578","2213-1248"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of King Saud University Computer and Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3793fbadbc924e468e0b3af31c4f9e08","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3793fbadbc924e468e0b3af31c4f9e08","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of King Saud University: Computer and Information Sciences, Vol 38, Iss 5 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44443-026-00531-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44443-026-00531-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764955546","display_name":"Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences","issn_l":"1319-1578","issn":["1319-1578","2213-1248"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of King Saud University Computer and Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3359183393","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62476233","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5577918188","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62262065","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5778574535","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022TSYCLJ0037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316319","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G611198403","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024B03041","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333596","funder_display_name":"Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7733332103","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024B03028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333596","funder_display_name":"Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8455778891","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022ZD0115800","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316319","display_name":"Science and Technology Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333596","display_name":"Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991018417","https://openalex.org/W2016089260","https://openalex.org/W2096733369","https://openalex.org/W2114117930","https://openalex.org/W2115178013","https://openalex.org/W2142321231","https://openalex.org/W2252016937","https://openalex.org/W2470710153","https://openalex.org/W2508239101","https://openalex.org/W2604792945","https://openalex.org/W2741237963","https://openalex.org/W2741389109","https://openalex.org/W2885051956","https://openalex.org/W2946361563","https://openalex.org/W2963501608","https://openalex.org/W2970954297","https://openalex.org/W2971134795","https://openalex.org/W2983369867","https://openalex.org/W2996837774","https://openalex.org/W3011411500","https://openalex.org/W3034268502","https://openalex.org/W3035390927","https://openalex.org/W3116218298","https://openalex.org/W3128247534","https://openalex.org/W3172776300","https://openalex.org/W3173526187","https://openalex.org/W3174202502","https://openalex.org/W3174388632","https://openalex.org/W3176513923","https://openalex.org/W3212745200","https://openalex.org/W4285265874","https://openalex.org/W4287887310","https://openalex.org/W4295857769","https://openalex.org/W4364860029","https://openalex.org/W4382318552","https://openalex.org/W4385570081","https://openalex.org/W4388765606","https://openalex.org/W4392309180","https://openalex.org/W4392560653","https://openalex.org/W4402671940","https://openalex.org/W4403155538","https://openalex.org/W4404783264","https://openalex.org/W4404783309","https://openalex.org/W4410230094"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Identifying":[0],"the":[1,79,95,102,113,122,127,134,139,151,156,168,173,179],"causal":[2,35,42,85,106,117,145],"relationship":[3],"between":[4],"events":[5],"is":[6,130],"an":[7],"important":[8],"foundation":[9],"for":[10],"understanding":[11],"text":[12],"semantics":[13,86],"and":[14,28,73,87,94,155],"supporting":[15],"downstream":[16],"reasoning":[17],"tasks.":[18],"However,":[19],"existing":[20],"methods":[21],"are":[22,189],"often":[23],"hindered":[24],"by":[25,183],"semantic":[26,98],"noise":[27],"redundant":[29,135],"features":[30,108],"when":[31],"dealing":[32],"with":[33,83,121,178],"implicit":[34,144],"relationships,":[36],"making":[37],"it":[38],"difficult":[39],"to":[40,77,81,104,115],"capture":[41],"signals":[43],"that":[44,165],"lack":[45],"explicit":[46],"labels":[47],"effectively.":[48],"To":[49],"solve":[50],"this":[51,53,162],"problem,":[52],"paper":[54],"proposes":[55],"a":[56],"Causal":[57],"Semantics":[58],"Refinement":[59],"Model":[60],"(CaSR)":[61],"based":[62],"on":[63,150],"information":[64,123,129],"bottleneck":[65,124],"optimization.":[66],"This":[67],"method":[68],"first":[69],"constructs":[70],"semantic-level":[71],"positive":[72],"negative":[74],"event":[75,174],"pairs":[76],"guide":[78],"model":[80,103],"align":[82],"potential":[84],"establish":[88],"comparable":[89],"references.":[90],"Secondly,":[91],"non-causal":[92],"perturbation":[93],"introduction":[96],"of":[97,143],"restoration":[99],"mechanisms":[100],"force":[101],"identify":[105],"core":[107],"during":[109],"denoising,":[110],"thereby":[111,137],"enhancing":[112,138],"robustness":[114],"non-explicit":[116],"relationships.":[118,146],"Finally,":[119],"combined":[120],"optimization":[125],"strategy,":[126],"key":[128],"retained":[131],"while":[132],"compressing":[133],"features,":[136],"model\u2019s":[140],"representation":[141],"ability":[142],"The":[147,185],"experimental":[148],"results":[149],"mainstream":[152],"EventStoryLine,":[153],"Causal-TimeBank,":[154],"Uyghur":[157,186],"News":[158,187],"Datasets":[159,188],"constructed":[160],"in":[161,172],"study":[163],"show":[164],"CaSR":[166],"achieves":[167],"current":[169],"optimal":[170],"performance":[171],"causality":[175],"identification":[176],"task,":[177],"F1":[180],"score":[181],"increasing":[182],"0.7%-2.4%.":[184],"available":[190],"at":[191],"https://github.com/jinghaipeng/Causal-Semantics-Refinement-Model.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2026-03-13T00:00:00"}