{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413427493","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44443-025-00223-y","title":"Sensor-free, Camera-only: Low-cost multi-angle CPR skill assessments method based on computer vision","display_name":"Sensor-free, Camera-only: Low-cost multi-angle CPR skill assessments method based on computer vision","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413427493","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44443-025-00223-y"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44443-025-00223-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44443-025-00223-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44443-025-00223-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764955546","display_name":"Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences","issn_l":"1319-1578","issn":["1319-1578","2213-1248"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of King Saud University Computer and Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44443-025-00223-y.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066523001","display_name":"Longxin Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157507598","display_name":"Shenyang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7f8730","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157507598"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Longxin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157507598"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112063658","display_name":"Cen Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91656880","display_name":"China Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/032d4f246","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91656880"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cen Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91656880"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101726409","display_name":"Jiafeng Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157507598","display_name":"Shenyang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7f8730","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157507598"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiafeng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157507598"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046693014","display_name":"Jiayi Joey Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1246-2889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157507598","display_name":"Shenyang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7f8730","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157507598"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiayi Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157507598"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078473875","display_name":"Bin Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6905-1701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157507598","display_name":"Shenyang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7f8730","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157507598"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Meng Bi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157507598"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003746498","display_name":"Hong Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0667-8413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91656880","display_name":"China Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/032d4f246","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91656880"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Surgical Department, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Surgical Department, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91656880"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078473875"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157507598"],"apc_list":{"value":1350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1350},"apc_paid":{"value":1350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1350},"fwci":1.5032,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84022575,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"7","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10645","display_name":"Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10645","display_name":"Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9660999774932861,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13248","display_name":"Healthcare Technology and Patient Monitoring","score":0.958899974822998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5807530879974365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5600294470787048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5181954503059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.3985063433647156}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5807530879974365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5600294470787048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5181954503059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.3985063433647156}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44443-025-00223-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44443-025-00223-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44443-025-00223-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764955546","display_name":"Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences","issn_l":"1319-1578","issn":["1319-1578","2213-1248"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of King Saud University Computer and Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d09a44591410400eb9c1dbef1cbb3310","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d09a44591410400eb9c1dbef1cbb3310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of King Saud University: Computer and Information Sciences, Vol 37, Iss 7, Pp 1-24 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44443-025-00223-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44443-025-00223-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44443-025-00223-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764955546","display_name":"Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences","issn_l":"1319-1578","issn":["1319-1578","2213-1248"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of King Saud University Computer and Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413427493.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413427493.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022178490","https://openalex.org/W2082366488","https://openalex.org/W2100420108","https://openalex.org/W2184969446","https://openalex.org/W2767566591","https://openalex.org/W3022014377","https://openalex.org/W3047632670","https://openalex.org/W3105662511","https://openalex.org/W3121883878","https://openalex.org/W3183282730","https://openalex.org/W4205698737","https://openalex.org/W4220827132","https://openalex.org/W4220978655","https://openalex.org/W4220982523","https://openalex.org/W4221023924","https://openalex.org/W4287890986","https://openalex.org/W4298204516","https://openalex.org/W4311154147","https://openalex.org/W4362576258","https://openalex.org/W4382281937","https://openalex.org/W4388161627","https://openalex.org/W4388983790","https://openalex.org/W4389109298","https://openalex.org/W4389610174","https://openalex.org/W4389978038","https://openalex.org/W4392472632","https://openalex.org/W4392904527","https://openalex.org/W4393081113","https://openalex.org/W4393218577","https://openalex.org/W4399946473","https://openalex.org/W4400445443","https://openalex.org/W4401942987","https://openalex.org/W4402598260","https://openalex.org/W4402885980","https://openalex.org/W4402910036","https://openalex.org/W4403279492","https://openalex.org/W4403550531","https://openalex.org/W4403823745","https://openalex.org/W4403875544"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cardiopulmonary":[0],"Resuscitation":[1],"(CPR)":[2],"is":[3],"critical":[4],"for":[5,55,64,132,158,176,237],"survival":[6],"following":[7],"Cardiac":[8],"Arrest":[9],"(CA),":[10],"particularly":[11],"in":[12,103,185,205,215,222],"out-of-hospital":[13],"settings.":[14],"However,":[15],"current":[16],"CPR":[17,56,117,177,183],"skill":[18],"assessments":[19],"often":[20],"rely":[21],"on":[22,44],"simulators":[23],"with":[24,80,199],"manual":[25],"scoring,":[26],"leading":[27],"to":[28,59,120],"inconsistencies":[29],"and":[30,92,97,107,125,134,139,142,151,164,179,197,203,211,213,235,244],"inefficiencies.":[31],"While":[32],"artificial":[33,216,245],"intelligence":[34],"(AI)":[35],"has":[36],"shown":[37],"promise,":[38],"many":[39],"AI-based":[40],"methods":[41],"still":[42],"depend":[43],"expensive,":[45],"sensor-laden":[46],"equipment.":[47],"This":[48,156],"study":[49],"introduces":[50],"a":[51,61,171],"novel,":[52],"sensor-free":[53],"approach":[54,169],"evaluation,":[57],"aiming":[58],"provide":[60],"cost-effective":[62],"solution":[63,175],"wider":[65],"accessibility.":[66],"We":[67,127],"propose":[68],"the":[69,76,81,192],"LCSG-YOLO":[70,168,193],"model,":[71],"an":[72],"enhanced":[73],"version":[74],"of":[75,161,201,233],"YOLO11":[77],"algorithm,":[78],"coupled":[79],"Kalman-Hungarian-Confidence-Temporal":[82],"(KCHT)":[83],"matching":[84],"algorithm.":[85],"The":[86,167,188,227],"KCHT":[87,228],"algorithm":[88,229],"refines":[89],"target":[90],"tracking":[91,106],"assignment,":[93],"improving":[94],"detection":[95,208,218,231],"precision":[96,210],"system":[98,115],"efficiency":[99],"by":[100],"addressing":[101],"challenges":[102],"dynamic":[104],"object":[105],"ambiguous":[108],"assignments.":[109],"By":[110],"integrating":[111],"these":[112],"techniques,":[113],"our":[114,223],"analyzes":[116],"training":[118,178],"videos":[119],"assess":[121],"compression":[122,146,162,207],"position,":[123],"frequency,":[124],"depth.":[126],"calculate":[128],"standardized":[129],"mean":[130],"times":[131],"compressions":[133,243],"respirations,":[135],"determine":[136],"operation":[137],"frequencies,":[138],"extract":[140],"grayscale":[141],"jitter":[143],"signals":[144],"from":[145],"regions":[147],"using":[148],"image":[149],"processing":[150],"Fast":[152],"Fourier":[153],"Transform":[154],"(FFT).":[155],"allows":[157],"accurate":[159],"evaluation":[160],"depth":[163],"frequency":[165],"characteristics.":[166],"offers":[170],"practical,":[172],"computer":[173],"vision-based":[174],"assessment,":[180],"potentially":[181],"expanding":[182],"education":[184],"resource-limited":[186],"environments.":[187],"results":[189],"show":[190],"that":[191],"model":[194],"outperforms":[195],"YOLO11s":[196],"YOLO11n,":[198],"improvements":[200],"6.4%":[202,214],"2.3%":[204],"chest":[206,242],"box":[209],"4.2%":[212],"respiration":[217],"recall,":[219],"as":[220],"detailed":[221],"comparative":[224],"performance":[225],"analysis.":[226],"achieves":[230],"accuracies":[232],"98.6%":[234],"98.7%":[236],"standard":[238],"hand":[239],"positioning":[240],"during":[241],"respiration,":[246],"respectively.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}