{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386615016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44230-023-00041-3","title":"Applications and Techniques of Machine Learning in Cancer Classification: A Systematic Review","display_name":"Applications and Techniques of Machine Learning in Cancer Classification: A Systematic Review","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386615016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44230-023-00041-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44230-023-00041-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44230-023-00041-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44230-023-00041-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207486","display_name":"Human-Centric Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2667-1336","issn":["2667-1336"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human-Centric Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44230-023-00041-3.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044000400","display_name":"Abrar Yaqoob","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1426-0864"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I464993","display_name":"Barkatullah University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ax13658","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I464993"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abrar Yaqoob","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Advanced Sciences and Languages, VIT Bhopal University, Kothrikalan, Sehore, 466114, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Advanced Sciences and Languages, VIT Bhopal University, Kothrikalan, Sehore, 466114, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I464993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027432547","display_name":"Rabia Musheer Aziz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2655-7272"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I464993","display_name":"Barkatullah University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ax13658","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I464993"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rabia Musheer Aziz","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Advanced Sciences and Languages, VIT Bhopal University, Kothrikalan, Sehore, 466114, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Advanced Sciences and Languages, VIT Bhopal University, Kothrikalan, Sehore, 466114, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I464993"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101513345","display_name":"Navneet Kumar Verma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4996-1198"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I464993","display_name":"Barkatullah University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ax13658","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I464993"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Navneet Kumar verma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Advanced Sciences and Languages, VIT Bhopal University, Kothrikalan, Sehore, 466114, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Advanced Sciences and Languages, VIT Bhopal University, Kothrikalan, Sehore, 466114, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I464993"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044000400"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I464993"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":21.232,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":126,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99612222,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"4","first_page":"588","last_page":"615"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.8281612396240234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.799119234085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6950041651725769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.6096351146697998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6043040752410889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.49483412504196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.4745396375656128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.45967936515808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.33314675092697144}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.8281612396240234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.799119234085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6950041651725769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.6096351146697998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6043040752410889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.49483412504196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.4745396375656128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.45967936515808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.33314675092697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44230-023-00041-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44230-023-00041-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44230-023-00041-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207486","display_name":"Human-Centric Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2667-1336","issn":["2667-1336"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human-Centric Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2b3c520533aa4ffd9f2750cb47d7f2a7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2b3c520533aa4ffd9f2750cb47d7f2a7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Human-Centric Intelligent Systems, Vol 3, Iss 4, Pp 588-615 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44230-023-00041-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44230-023-00041-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44230-023-00041-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207486","display_name":"Human-Centric Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2667-1336","issn":["2667-1336"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human-Centric Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386615016.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":120,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1185880853","https://openalex.org/W1501489127","https://openalex.org/W1964940342","https://openalex.org/W1965229818","https://openalex.org/W1970408203","https://openalex.org/W1987111416","https://openalex.org/W1995805135","https://openalex.org/W2008721015","https://openalex.org/W2009086487","https://openalex.org/W2011430131","https://openalex.org/W2017374250","https://openalex.org/W2026008854","https://openalex.org/W2087016914","https://openalex.org/W2096171208","https://openalex.org/W2111547563","https://openalex.org/W2117825844","https://openalex.org/W2120800556","https://openalex.org/W2158703410","https://openalex.org/W2161464748","https://openalex.org/W2167228936","https://openalex.org/W2216946510","https://openalex.org/W2370924594","https://openalex.org/W2408186052","https://openalex.org/W2533835508","https://openalex.org/W2591753428","https://openalex.org/W2610918181","https://openalex.org/W2724276442","https://openalex.org/W2749604329","https://openalex.org/W2766600422","https://openalex.org/W2791315675","https://openalex.org/W2791915981","https://openalex.org/W2895951708","https://openalex.org/W2896864616","https://openalex.org/W2899474908","https://openalex.org/W2911627187","https://openalex.org/W2920795615","https://openalex.org/W2965904675","https://openalex.org/W2968213045","https://openalex.org/W2973569693","https://openalex.org/W2973941913","https://openalex.org/W2979543333","https://openalex.org/W2990041501","https://openalex.org/W2990534302","https://openalex.org/W2998165854","https://openalex.org/W2998732610","https://openalex.org/W3030419021","https://openalex.org/W3031119188","https://openalex.org/W3048378651","https://openalex.org/W3048446485","https://openalex.org/W3048804154","https://openalex.org/W3100789280","https://openalex.org/W3108202858","https://openalex.org/W3121831259","https://openalex.org/W3124051732","https://openalex.org/W3127338155","https://openalex.org/W3155292494","https://openalex.org/W3159232004","https://openalex.org/W3159690776","https://openalex.org/W3168997536","https://openalex.org/W3183420623","https://openalex.org/W3191023564","https://openalex.org/W3198350258","https://openalex.org/W3202673576","https://openalex.org/W4206436109","https://openalex.org/W4206534028","https://openalex.org/W4210479225","https://openalex.org/W4214895909","https://openalex.org/W4223531514","https://openalex.org/W4224035554","https://openalex.org/W4224049855","https://openalex.org/W4225762911","https://openalex.org/W4234040585","https://openalex.org/W4234773660","https://openalex.org/W4283589749","https://openalex.org/W4285387657","https://openalex.org/W4286631275","https://openalex.org/W4290465800","https://openalex.org/W4294125336","https://openalex.org/W4296838339","https://openalex.org/W4296995864","https://openalex.org/W4308834465","https://openalex.org/W4309577756","https://openalex.org/W4310815743","https://openalex.org/W4311304837","https://openalex.org/W4311762937","https://openalex.org/W4312173412","https://openalex.org/W4313419055","https://openalex.org/W4313478704","https://openalex.org/W4313557649","https://openalex.org/W4315482698","https://openalex.org/W4316036216","https://openalex.org/W4317548876","https://openalex.org/W4317718278","https://openalex.org/W4317770553","https://openalex.org/W4318159260","https://openalex.org/W4318476344","https://openalex.org/W4318478374","https://openalex.org/W4318615989","https://openalex.org/W4318833168","https://openalex.org/W4319032481","https://openalex.org/W4319074581","https://openalex.org/W4320016065","https://openalex.org/W4321434302","https://openalex.org/W4321499773","https://openalex.org/W4322492185","https://openalex.org/W4322616751","https://openalex.org/W4324082962","https://openalex.org/W4324129972","https://openalex.org/W4324365335","https://openalex.org/W4362454177","https://openalex.org/W4362506719","https://openalex.org/W4362587613","https://openalex.org/W4362661579","https://openalex.org/W4362722670","https://openalex.org/W4366579097","https://openalex.org/W4366988887","https://openalex.org/W4372193958","https://openalex.org/W4380200289","https://openalex.org/W4394062848","https://openalex.org/W4400134761"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2165912799","https://openalex.org/W2735662278","https://openalex.org/W2382615723","https://openalex.org/W4311804456","https://openalex.org/W1987484445","https://openalex.org/W2623658258","https://openalex.org/W2143413548","https://openalex.org/W1969219540","https://openalex.org/W2370459448","https://openalex.org/W2105067402"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,89,110,128],"domain":[2],"of":[3,17,43,62,83,103,106,112,136,144,168,207,216,247,257],"Machine":[4],"learning":[5,71,118,149,174,249],"has":[6,35],"experienced":[7],"Substantial":[8],"advancement":[9],"and":[10,24,68,85,95,101,120,142,157,238,250],"development.":[11],"Recently,":[12],"showcasing":[13],"a":[14,164,202],"Broad":[15],"spectrum":[16],"uses":[18],"like":[19],"Computational":[20,107],"linguistics,":[21],"image":[22],"identification,":[23],"autonomous":[25],"systems.":[26],"With":[27],"the":[28,40,53,99,169,195,205,211,222,226,245],"increasing":[29],"demand":[30],"for":[31,153,184,213,235],"intelligent":[32],"systems,":[33],"it":[34],"become":[36],"crucial":[37],"to":[38,79,176,182,187,218],"comprehend":[39],"different":[41,255],"categories":[42],"machine":[44,63,70,117,148,173,208,248],"acquiring":[45],"knowledge":[46,243],"systems":[47,217],"along":[48],"with":[49,163],"their":[50,87],"applications":[51,121,253],"in":[52,122,172,191,201,229,241,254],"present":[54,170],"world.":[55],"This":[56,159],"paper":[57,90,196],"presents":[58],"actual":[59],"use":[60,188],"cases":[61],"learning,":[64,97,209],"including":[65,210],"cancer":[66,84,123,137,155,177],"classification,":[67],"how":[69],"algorithms":[72],"have":[73,125],"been":[74],"implemented":[75],"on":[76,116,204],"medical":[77],"data":[78],"categorize":[80],"diverse":[81],"forms":[82],"anticipate":[86],"outcomes.":[88],"also":[91],"discusses":[92],"supervised,":[93],"unsupervised,":[94],"reinforcement":[96],"highlighting":[98],"benefits":[100],"disadvantages":[102],"each":[104],"category":[105],"intelligence":[108],"system.":[109],"conclusions":[111],"this":[113,230],"systematic":[114],"study":[115],"methods":[119,190],"classification":[124,135,178],"numerous":[126],"implications.":[127],"main":[129],"lesson":[130],"is":[131,233],"that":[132],"through":[133],"accurate":[134],"kinds,":[138],"patient":[139],"outcome":[140],"prediction,":[141],"identification":[143],"possible":[145],"therapeutic":[146],"targets,":[147],"holds":[150],"enormous":[151],"potential":[152,212],"improving":[154],"diagnosis":[156],"therapy.":[158],"review":[160],"offers":[161],"readers":[162],"broad":[165],"understanding":[166],"as":[167,221],"advancements":[171],"applied":[175],"today,":[179],"empowering":[180],"them":[181],"decide":[183],"themselves":[185],"whether":[186],"these":[189],"clinical":[192],"settings.":[193],"Lastly,":[194],"wraps":[197],"up":[198],"by":[199],"engaging":[200],"discussion":[203],"future":[206],"new":[214],"types":[215],"be":[219],"developed":[220],"field":[223],"advances.":[224],"Overall,":[225],"information":[227],"included":[228],"survey":[231],"article":[232],"useful":[234],"scholars,":[236],"practitioners,":[237],"individuals":[239],"interested":[240],"gaining":[242],"about":[244],"fundamentals":[246],"its":[251],"various":[252],"areas":[256],"activities.":[258]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":56},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
