{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7164766664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44212-026-00109-y","title":"Controlled environment agriculture as urban infrastructure: advancing a public agenda for spatial equity","display_name":"Controlled environment agriculture as urban infrastructure: advancing a public agenda for spatial equity","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7164766664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44212-026-00109-y","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42305637"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44212-026-00109-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44212-026-00109-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44212-026-00109-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387283136","display_name":"Urban Informatics","issn_l":"2731-6963","issn":["2731-6963"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Urban Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44212-026-00109-y.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138623537","display_name":"Xudong Rao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173268674","display_name":"Texas A&M University System","ror":"https://ror.org/0034eay46","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173268674"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xudong Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural Economics, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University System, Fort Worth, TX 76244 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural Economics, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University System, Fort Worth, TX 76244 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173268674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033568355","display_name":"Azlan Zahid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-8680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173268674","display_name":"Texas A&M University System","ror":"https://ror.org/0034eay46","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173268674"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Azlan Zahid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University System, Dallas, TX 75252 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University System, Dallas, TX 75252 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173268674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138617133","display_name":"Xinyue Ye","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17301866","display_name":"University of Alabama","ror":"https://ror.org/03xrrjk67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xinyue Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography and the Environment & ALA-GAINS (Alabama Geospatial AI & INformation Science) Hub & Alabama Center for the Advancement of AI, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and the Environment & ALA-GAINS (Alabama Geospatial AI & INformation Science) Hub & Alabama Center for the Advancement of AI, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138616139","display_name":"Devika Jain","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801851002","display_name":"Harvard University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Devika Jain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Geographic Analysis, Harvard University, 1737 Cambridge Street, Cambridge, 02138 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Geographic Analysis, Harvard University, 1737 Cambridge Street, Cambridge, 02138 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138612700","display_name":"Nick Duffield","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nick Duffield","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Texas A&M Institute of Data Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Texas A&M Institute of Data Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033568355","https://openalex.org/A5138612700","https://openalex.org/A5138616139","https://openalex.org/A5138617133","https://openalex.org/A5138623537"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17301866","https://openalex.org/I173268674","https://openalex.org/I2801851002","https://openalex.org/I91045830"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84948373,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":"18","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12253","display_name":"Urban Agriculture and Sustainability","score":0.9107000231742859,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12253","display_name":"Urban Agriculture and Sustainability","score":0.9107000231742859,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11259","display_name":"Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact","score":0.035599999129772186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11066","display_name":"Organic Food and Agriculture","score":0.004900000058114529,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geospatial-analysis","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","score":0.690500020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-agriculture","display_name":"Urban agriculture","score":0.5321000218391418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-planning","display_name":"Urban planning","score":0.5049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equity","display_name":"Equity (law)","score":0.4580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.4478999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/green-infrastructure","display_name":"Green infrastructure","score":0.42899999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-city","display_name":"Smart city","score":0.3968000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/city-region","display_name":"City region","score":0.3806999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"Urbanization","score":0.3441999852657318}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.690500020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.5491999983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C503900551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1194826","display_name":"Urban agriculture","level":3,"score":0.5321000218391418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.5049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199728807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2578557","display_name":"Equity (law)","level":2,"score":0.4580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.4478999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4361000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780057273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3427027","display_name":"Green infrastructure","level":2,"score":0.42899999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777103469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231558","display_name":"Smart city","level":3,"score":0.3968000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778603423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108369092","display_name":"City region","level":2,"score":0.3806999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.349700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.3441999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54924851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751054","display_name":"Sustainable agriculture","level":3,"score":0.3431999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.3327000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12780434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q619798","display_name":"Geomatics","level":2,"score":0.3255999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776873942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149013","display_name":"Spatial planning","level":2,"score":0.32510000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.3158000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74893574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5465532","display_name":"Food systems","level":4,"score":0.31520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.31360000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777489824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2891260","display_name":"Wicked problem","level":2,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148383697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1781695","display_name":"Regional science","level":1,"score":0.30649998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109986646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546113","display_name":"Public policy","level":2,"score":0.29910001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104345477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5513523","display_name":"GIS and public health","level":3,"score":0.29089999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87427459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12831143","display_name":"Human geography","level":2,"score":0.27399998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317088","display_name":"Commodity","level":2,"score":0.26570001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41856607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483130","display_name":"Geographic information system","level":2,"score":0.2567000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43540301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689971","display_name":"Paradigm shift","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44212-026-00109-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44212-026-00109-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44212-026-00109-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387283136","display_name":"Urban Informatics","issn_l":"2731-6963","issn":["2731-6963"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Urban Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42305637","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42305637","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Urban informatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a43ed370a10a401bb87d17101a602e7f","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a43ed370a10a401bb87d17101a602e7f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Urban Informatics, Vol 5, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13265594","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13265594/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Urban Inform","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44212-026-00109-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44212-026-00109-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44212-026-00109-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387283136","display_name":"Urban Informatics","issn_l":"2731-6963","issn":["2731-6963"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Urban Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G151934240","display_name":"CIVIC-FA Track A: Co-created Digital Twins for Heat-resilient Home Rehab Co-design","funder_award_id":"2526487","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3762222145","display_name":"Excellence in Research: Implementing Urban Digital Twins with Responsible Foundation AI for Community Resilience","funder_award_id":"2401860","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4155917937","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"80NSSC22KM0052","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7262038969","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2401860, 2526487","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7164766664.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7164766664.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500554404","https://openalex.org/W2313232489","https://openalex.org/W2896915857","https://openalex.org/W2947141751","https://openalex.org/W3135415360","https://openalex.org/W3213410333","https://openalex.org/W4223424565","https://openalex.org/W4246981708","https://openalex.org/W4247934567","https://openalex.org/W4387004968","https://openalex.org/W4406205130","https://openalex.org/W4408181306","https://openalex.org/W4408348758","https://openalex.org/W4410864721","https://openalex.org/W4411066791"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Controlled":[0],"Environment":[1],"Agriculture":[2],"(CEA)":[3],"has":[4,17],"emerged":[5],"as":[6,44,64,70,131],"a":[7,58,65,71,102,174],"high-tech":[8],"solution":[9],"to":[10,81,134],"urban":[11,52,74,79,152,182],"food":[12,49,85],"security.":[13],"However,":[14],"its":[15],"development":[16,183],"largely":[18],"been":[19],"driven":[20],"by":[21,170],"venture":[22],"capital":[23],"and":[24,35,89,111,127,142,164,184],"profit-maximizing":[25],"imperatives,":[26],"resulting":[27],"in":[28],"limited":[29],"CEA":[30,62,99,106,160,176],"scalability,":[31],"narrow":[32],"crop":[33,137],"diversity,":[34],"minimal":[36],"engagement":[37],"with":[38,151,180],"issues":[39],"of":[40,48,73,98,105,122],"spatial":[41,185],"equity-defined":[42],"here":[43],"the":[45,95,120],"fair":[46],"distribution":[47],"infrastructure":[50,75],"across":[51],"geographies.":[53],"This":[54],"Perspective":[55],"calls":[56],"for":[57,84,146,173],"paradigm":[59],"shift:":[60],"positioning":[61],"not":[63],"standalone":[66],"technological":[67],"fix,":[68],"but":[69],"component":[72],"that":[76,94,178],"integrates":[77],"into":[78],"systems":[80],"deliver":[82],"co-benefits":[83],"justice,":[86],"public":[87,96],"health,":[88],"environmental":[90],"resilience.":[91],"We":[92,168],"argue":[93],"value":[97],"should":[100],"be":[101],"central":[103],"aim":[104],"deployment,":[107],"guiding":[108],"both":[109],"research":[110],"planning":[112],"agendas.":[113],"To":[114],"advance":[115],"this":[116],"vision,":[117],"we":[118],"highlight":[119],"potential":[121],"Geospatial":[123],"Artificial":[124],"Intelligence":[125],"(GeoAI)":[126],"High-Performance":[128],"Computing":[129],"(HPC)":[130],"underexplored":[132],"tools":[133],"enable":[135],"adaptive":[136],"management,":[138],"site-specific":[139],"decision":[140],"support,":[141],"identify":[143],"underserved":[144],"communities":[145],"targeted":[147],"interventions.":[148],"When":[149],"combined":[150],"informatics":[153],"approaches,":[154],"these":[155],"technologies":[156],"can":[157],"help":[158],"embed":[159],"within":[161],"inclusive,":[162],"data-informed,":[163],"climate-resilient":[165],"city":[166],"systems.":[167],"conclude":[169],"outlining":[171],"priorities":[172],"public-interest":[175],"agenda":[177],"aligns":[179],"sustainable":[181],"justice.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2026-06-15T00:00:00"}