{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407868409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44212-025-00069-9","title":"Measuring and understanding changes in the physical built environment of cities with street view images","display_name":"Measuring and understanding changes in the physical built environment of cities with street view images","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407868409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44212-025-00069-9"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44212-025-00069-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44212-025-00069-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44212-025-00069-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387283136","display_name":"Urban Informatics","issn_l":"2731-6963","issn":["2731-6963"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Urban Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44212-025-00069-9.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102956001","display_name":"Yang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2360-9076"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40963666","display_name":"Central China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x1jna21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation of Hubei Province, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2360-9076","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation of Hubei Province, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000206320","display_name":"Jean\u2010Claude Thill","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6651-8123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Claude Thill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6651-8123","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064861128","display_name":"Xingjian Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4158-3655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xingjian Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urban Planning and Design, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urban Planning and Design, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015418685","display_name":"Chen Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3582-1266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802488147","display_name":"School of Advanced Study","ror":"https://ror.org/039594g80","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I2802488147"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Bartlett Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis (CASA), University College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3582-1266","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Bartlett Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis (CASA), University College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802488147","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022293237","display_name":"Wei Tu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0255-4037"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Tu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urban Informatics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area, School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Smart Sensing and Services, and Department of Urban Informatics, School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building and Urban Science, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0255-4037","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urban Informatics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area, School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Smart Sensing and Services, and Department of Urban Informatics, School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building and Urban Science, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064861128","https://openalex.org/A5102956001"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666","https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4252,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91535092,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12325","display_name":"Urban Design and Spatial Analysis","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architectural-engineering","display_name":"Architectural engineering","score":0.5057682991027832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3704019784927368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.36579692363739014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2184610664844513}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.5057682991027832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3704019784927368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.36579692363739014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2184610664844513}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44212-025-00069-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44212-025-00069-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44212-025-00069-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387283136","display_name":"Urban Informatics","issn_l":"2731-6963","issn":["2731-6963"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Urban Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44212-025-00069-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44212-025-00069-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44212-025-00069-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387283136","display_name":"Urban Informatics","issn_l":"2731-6963","issn":["2731-6963"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Urban Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3463700047","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42311530335","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7778225634","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42001399","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7842673076","display_name":"\u57ce\u5e02\u5185\u90e8\u5c3a\u5ea6\u77e5\u8bc6\u521b\u65b0\u7f51\u7edc\uff1a\u65f6\u7a7a\u6f14\u5316\u3001\u89c4\u5212\u5bfc\u5f15\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ee9\u6548","funder_award_id":"41971197","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8790747269","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"949670","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338452","funder_display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Reforming and enhancing the European Research and Innovation system"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G941956847","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41501177","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338452","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Reforming and enhancing the European Research and Innovation system","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407868409.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1570069324","https://openalex.org/W1673310716","https://openalex.org/W2169953019","https://openalex.org/W2268868189","https://openalex.org/W2340897893","https://openalex.org/W2375237876","https://openalex.org/W2395611524","https://openalex.org/W2617647211","https://openalex.org/W2732873697","https://openalex.org/W2787091153","https://openalex.org/W2791835197","https://openalex.org/W2808372731","https://openalex.org/W2891165459","https://openalex.org/W2893256830","https://openalex.org/W2893280452","https://openalex.org/W2895762794","https://openalex.org/W2896188610","https://openalex.org/W2900109351","https://openalex.org/W2947466881","https://openalex.org/W2993383518","https://openalex.org/W3013709343","https://openalex.org/W3091792853","https://openalex.org/W3092436147","https://openalex.org/W3119672322","https://openalex.org/W3135632371","https://openalex.org/W3142332301","https://openalex.org/W3148100202","https://openalex.org/W3157327345","https://openalex.org/W3157696257","https://openalex.org/W3173473735","https://openalex.org/W3184563394","https://openalex.org/W3195494505","https://openalex.org/W3210873050","https://openalex.org/W4210939040","https://openalex.org/W4280623793","https://openalex.org/W4281571418","https://openalex.org/W4284711290","https://openalex.org/W4290085958","https://openalex.org/W4306178604","https://openalex.org/W4306981601","https://openalex.org/W4309198791","https://openalex.org/W4313681211","https://openalex.org/W4322621381","https://openalex.org/W4323922489","https://openalex.org/W4327596006","https://openalex.org/W4376870471","https://openalex.org/W4386357300","https://openalex.org/W4389412320","https://openalex.org/W4391123250","https://openalex.org/W4393250851","https://openalex.org/W4394564044","https://openalex.org/W4399880583","https://openalex.org/W4401113149","https://openalex.org/W4401894927","https://openalex.org/W4403523920"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Street":[1,72],"view":[2,85],"images":[3],"(SVIs)":[4],"may":[5],"provide":[6],"information":[7],"on":[8,70,144,163,221],"near-surface":[9],"urban":[10,53,232],"changes":[11,31,56,64,121,141,220],"which":[12,223],"are":[13,67],"not":[14],"necessarily":[15],"captured":[16],"by":[17,166,170,185],"spaceborne":[18],"remote":[19],"sensing":[20],"data.":[21],"The":[22,87,176],"application":[23],"of":[24,52,74,92,120,147,157,210],"SVIs":[25,110],"in":[26,113,149,228],"assessing":[27],"diverse":[28],"built":[29,54],"environment":[30,55,63],"at":[32],"the":[33,150,155,208],"street":[34,81,84],"level":[35],"and":[36,83,137,169,183,194,214,236],"over":[37,145],"time":[38],"remains":[39],"challenging.":[40],"This":[41],"paper":[42],"presents":[43],"a":[44,171,211],"stepwise":[45,103],"rule-based":[46,104],"method":[47,216],"to":[48,126,180,207],"identify":[49,117],"key":[50],"types":[51,119],"using":[57],"multi-year":[58],"SVIs.":[59],"In":[60,153],"particular,":[61],"physical/built":[62],"along":[65],"streets":[66],"evaluated":[68],"based":[69,162],"proposed":[71,158],"Units":[73],"Analysis":[75],"(SUA)":[76],"that":[77,230],"account":[78],"for":[79,217],"both":[80],"layouts":[82],"features.":[86],"approach":[88,159,177],"employs":[89],"sharp":[90],"variations":[91],"visual":[93],"attributes":[94],"derived":[95],"from":[96,111],"deep":[97],"learning":[98],"segmentation":[99],"model":[100],"DeepLabv3+.":[101],"A":[102],"algorithm":[105],"classifies":[106],"SUAs.":[107],"Using":[108],"panoramic":[109],"2015\u20132019":[112],"Wuhan,":[114],"China,":[115],"we":[116],"critical":[118],"such":[122],"as":[123],"those":[124],"related":[125],"highway":[127],"bridges,":[128],"sidewalk":[129],"increases,":[130,132,136],"building":[131],"road":[133],"losses,":[134],"greenness":[135],"mixed":[138],"changes.":[139],"Identified":[140],"take":[142],"place":[143],"50%":[146],"roads":[148],"study":[151,205],"area.":[152],"addition,":[154],"robustness":[156],"is":[160,178],"assessed":[161],"results":[164],"produced":[165],"manual":[167],"labeling":[168],"fuzzy":[172,199],"rough":[173,200],"sets":[174,201],"analysis.":[175,202],"found":[179],"be":[181,225],"robust":[182],"effective":[184,213],"having":[186],"an":[187,195],"81.7%":[188],"agreement":[189,197],"with":[190,198],"manually":[191],"labeled":[192],"analysis":[193],"80.5%":[196],"Overall,":[203],"this":[204],"contributes":[206],"development":[209],"cost":[212],"efficient":[215],"detecting":[218],"physical":[219],"SUAs,":[222],"can":[224],"further":[226],"utilized":[227],"studies":[229],"link":[231],"changes,":[233],"space":[234],"use,":[235],"policy":[237],"interventions.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
