{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389953823","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44206-023-00081-z","title":"Explainable AI and Law: An Evidential Survey","display_name":"Explainable AI and Law: An Evidential Survey","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389953823","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44206-023-00081-z"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44206-023-00081-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44206-023-00081-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44206-023-00081-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210180585","display_name":"Digital Society","issn_l":"2731-4650","issn":["2731-4650","2731-4669"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44206-023-00081-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025677291","display_name":"Karen McGregor Richmond","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7916-2069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","display_name":"University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/035b05819","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Karen McGregor Richmond","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Law, Copenhagen University, Karen Blixen\u2019s Plads 16, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark","Faculty of Law, Copenhagen University, Karen Blixen's Plads 16, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7916-2069","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, Copenhagen University, Karen Blixen\u2019s Plads 16, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, Copenhagen University, Karen Blixen's Plads 16, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071040614","display_name":"Satya M. Muddamsetty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0935-4609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Satya M. Muddamsetty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Architecture, Design, and Media Technology (CREATE), Visual Analysis and Perception Lab, Aalborg University, Rendsburggade 14, Aalborg, 9000, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Architecture, Design, and Media Technology (CREATE), Visual Analysis and Perception Lab, Aalborg University, Rendsburggade 14, Aalborg, 9000, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058890931","display_name":"Thomas Gammeltoft\u2010Hansen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1518-137X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","display_name":"University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/035b05819","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Gammeltoft-Hansen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Law, Copenhagen University, Karen Blixen\u2019s Plads 16, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark","Faculty of Law, Copenhagen University, Karen Blixen's Plads 16, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, Copenhagen University, Karen Blixen\u2019s Plads 16, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, Copenhagen University, Karen Blixen's Plads 16, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035763854","display_name":"Henrik Palmer Olsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8486-8752"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","display_name":"University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/035b05819","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henrik Palmer Olsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Law, Copenhagen University, Karen Blixen\u2019s Plads 16, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark","Faculty of Law, Copenhagen University, Karen Blixen's Plads 16, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, Copenhagen University, Karen Blixen\u2019s Plads 16, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, Copenhagen University, Karen Blixen's Plads 16, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022176859","display_name":"Thomas B. Moeslund","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7584-5209"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas B. Moeslund","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Architecture, Design, and Media Technology (CREATE), Visual Analysis and Perception Lab, Aalborg University, Rendsburggade 14, Aalborg, 9000, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Architecture, Design, and Media Technology (CREATE), Visual Analysis and Perception Lab, Aalborg University, Rendsburggade 14, Aalborg, 9000, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025677291"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":71.2622,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99945396,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9781000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.39364883303642273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.37620946764945984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3365088403224945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.30492812395095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.39364883303642273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.37620946764945984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3365088403224945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.30492812395095825}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44206-023-00081-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44206-023-00081-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44206-023-00081-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210180585","display_name":"Digital Society","issn_l":"2731-4650","issn":["2731-4650","2731-4669"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/55c46d20-f1d7-4591-8460-947c0da8c5c3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/55c46d20-f1d7-4591-8460-947c0da8c5c3","pdf_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/713242263/s44206-023-00081-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"McGregor Richmond, K, Muddamsetty, S M, Gammeltoft-Hansen, T, Palmer Olsen, H & Moeslund, T B 2024, 'Explainable AI and Law : An Evidential Survey', Digital Society: Ethics, Socio-Legal and Governance of Digital Technology, vol. 3, no. 1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44206-023-00081-z","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/05cd726b-c103-4aeb-9749-14f8ada6348f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://researchprofiles.ku.dk/da/publications/05cd726b-c103-4aeb-9749-14f8ada6348f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401983","display_name":"Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","host_organization_name":"University of Copenhagen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Richmond , K M , Muddamsetty , S M , Gammeltoft-Hansen , T , Olsen , H P & Moeslund , T B 2024 , ' Explainable AI and Law : An Evidential Survey ' , Digital Society , vol. 3 , no. 1 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s44206-023-00081-z","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44206-023-00081-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44206-023-00081-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44206-023-00081-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210180585","display_name":"Digital Society","issn_l":"2731-4650","issn":["2731-4650","2731-4669"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3532688359","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DNRF169","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320943","funder_display_name":"Danmarks Grundforskningsfond"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G497419057","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DNRF169","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310490","display_name":"Villum Fonden","ror":"https://ror.org/007ww2d15"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320943","display_name":"Danmarks Grundforskningsfond","ror":"https://ror.org/00znyv691"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389953823.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":129,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W26655238","https://openalex.org/W50182414","https://openalex.org/W1486267044","https://openalex.org/W1513205299","https://openalex.org/W1524164055","https://openalex.org/W1545712609","https://openalex.org/W1602796727","https://openalex.org/W1825730661","https://openalex.org/W1964330895","https://openalex.org/W1965944404","https://openalex.org/W1966379407","https://openalex.org/W1970198086","https://openalex.org/W1976902801","https://openalex.org/W1983411204","https://openalex.org/W2003066662","https://openalex.org/W2005501262","https://openalex.org/W2006559750","https://openalex.org/W2009250187","https://openalex.org/W2009299421","https://openalex.org/W2024318497","https://openalex.org/W2031308002","https://openalex.org/W2034735942","https://openalex.org/W2037262533","https://openalex.org/W2038855474","https://openalex.org/W2039074475","https://openalex.org/W2039985169","https://openalex.org/W2042702269","https://openalex.org/W2044620560","https://openalex.org/W2045182421","https://openalex.org/W2054329666","https://openalex.org/W2055049967","https://openalex.org/W2055647644","https://openalex.org/W2063446341","https://openalex.org/W2082812513","https://openalex.org/W2088166168","https://openalex.org/W2112296007","https://openalex.org/W2113021082","https://openalex.org/W2117719727","https://openalex.org/W2119061506","https://openalex.org/W2142616840","https://openalex.org/W2144546400","https://openalex.org/W2152212999","https://openalex.org/W2158309618","https://openalex.org/W2160547131","https://openalex.org/W2167543484","https://openalex.org/W2171853123","https://openalex.org/W2282821441","https://openalex.org/W2295107390","https://openalex.org/W2326194808","https://openalex.org/W2383705587","https://openalex.org/W2395911589","https://openalex.org/W2416669081","https://openalex.org/W2536769020","https://openalex.org/W2550619487","https://openalex.org/W2593507888","https://openalex.org/W2594682492","https://openalex.org/W2618851150","https://openalex.org/W2727623526","https://openalex.org/W2751760690","https://openalex.org/W2788407519","https://openalex.org/W2796095619","https://openalex.org/W2798838283","https://openalex.org/W2889152126","https://openalex.org/W2890047289","https://openalex.org/W2891503716","https://openalex.org/W2896576943","https://openalex.org/W2903938540","https://openalex.org/W2910890213","https://openalex.org/W2919102920","https://openalex.org/W2920623471","https://openalex.org/W2921796154","https://openalex.org/W2945976633","https://openalex.org/W2958089299","https://openalex.org/W2962772482","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2963396867","https://openalex.org/W2970027690","https://openalex.org/W2974147161","https://openalex.org/W3003690291","https://openalex.org/W3037404357","https://openalex.org/W3046377295","https://openalex.org/W3081090156","https://openalex.org/W3086560451","https://openalex.org/W3089677492","https://openalex.org/W3096766689","https://openalex.org/W3099229524","https://openalex.org/W3103764297","https://openalex.org/W3122127382","https://openalex.org/W3122548859","https://openalex.org/W3124147503","https://openalex.org/W3127895798","https://openalex.org/W3131457744","https://openalex.org/W3144635834","https://openalex.org/W3155016818","https://openalex.org/W3157376338","https://openalex.org/W3174752098","https://openalex.org/W3176768410","https://openalex.org/W3181414820","https://openalex.org/W3183478923","https://openalex.org/W3183843234","https://openalex.org/W3185180031","https://openalex.org/W3202026671","https://openalex.org/W3215603105","https://openalex.org/W3215772058","https://openalex.org/W4200000052","https://openalex.org/W4205598751","https://openalex.org/W4206348828","https://openalex.org/W4210361514","https://openalex.org/W4213325410","https://openalex.org/W4213419683","https://openalex.org/W4220958536","https://openalex.org/W4220985206","https://openalex.org/W4221089269","https://openalex.org/W4250687365","https://openalex.org/W4290737462","https://openalex.org/W4293152454","https://openalex.org/W4301409532","https://openalex.org/W4313650676","https://openalex.org/W4322486700","https://openalex.org/W4323875744","https://openalex.org/W4362603101","https://openalex.org/W4386690805","https://openalex.org/W6636718282","https://openalex.org/W6649634600","https://openalex.org/W6738914407","https://openalex.org/W6747801934","https://openalex.org/W6764951997","https://openalex.org/W6983501602","https://openalex.org/W7000558369"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2931662336","https://openalex.org/W4220667126","https://openalex.org/W2077865380","https://openalex.org/W3006817050","https://openalex.org/W4401768695","https://openalex.org/W2765597752","https://openalex.org/W2134894512"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Decisions":[1],"made":[2],"by":[3,161,223],"legal":[4,51,78,148,184,190,219,227,246],"adjudicators":[5],"and":[6,32,39,130,149,169,221,234,258,266],"administrative":[7,253],"decision-makers":[8,37],"often":[9],"found":[10,62],"upon":[11,63,142],"a":[12,21,64,82,96,143,153,162,176,229],"reservoir":[13],"of":[14,24,66,85,99,120,155,165,183,195],"stored":[15],"experiences,":[16],"from":[17,213],"which":[18,80,93,231],"is":[19,249],"drawn":[20],"tacit":[22],"body":[23,98],"expert":[25],"knowledge.":[26],"Such":[27],"expertise":[28],"may":[29,70],"be":[30,114,236],"implicit":[31],"opaque,":[33],"even":[34],"to":[35,54,107,192,218],"the":[36,50,55,77,102,105,108,117,156,171,180,210,214,245,268,271,277],"themselves,":[38],"generates":[40],"obstacles":[41],"when":[42,239],"implementing":[43],"AI":[44,122,150,206],"for":[45,238,244,273],"automated":[46],"decision-making":[47,59,222,242],"tasks":[48],"within":[49,76,188,276],"field,":[52],"since,":[53],"extent":[56,109],"that":[57,95,110,252],"AI-powered":[58],"tools":[60],"must":[61],"stock":[65],"domain":[67],"expertise,":[68],"opacities":[69],"proliferate.":[71],"This":[72,89,138],"raises":[73],"particular":[74,189],"issues":[75],"domain,":[79],"requires":[81,90,232],"high":[83],"level":[84],"accountability,":[86],"thus":[87],"transparency.":[88],"enhanced":[91],"explainability,":[92,265],"entails":[94],"heterogeneous":[97],"stakeholders":[100],"understand":[101],"mechanism":[103],"underlying":[104],"algorithm":[106],"an":[111],"explanation":[112],"can":[113,260],"furnished.":[115],"However,":[116],"\u201cblack-box\u201d":[118],"nature":[119],"some":[121],"variants,":[123],"such":[124],"as":[125,159,270],"deep":[126],"learning,":[127],"remains":[128],"unresolved,":[129],"many":[131],"machine":[132],"decisions":[133],"therefore":[134],"remain":[135],"poorly":[136],"understood.":[137],"survey":[139,164,211,269],"paper,":[140],"based":[141],"unique":[144,262],"interdisciplinary":[145],"collaboration":[146],"between":[147],"experts,":[151],"provides":[152],"review":[154],"explainability":[157],"spectrum,":[158],"informed":[160],"systematic":[163],"relevant":[166],"research":[167,275],"papers,":[168],"categorises":[170],"results.":[172],"The":[173,198],"article":[174],"establishes":[175],"novel":[177],"taxonomy,":[178],"linking":[179],"differing":[181],"forms":[182,194],"inference":[185],"at":[186],"play":[187],"sub-domains":[191],"specific":[193],"algorithmic":[196],"decision-making.":[197],"diverse":[199],"categories":[200],"demonstrate":[201],"different":[202],"dimensions":[203],"in":[204,226],"explainable":[205],"(XAI)":[207],"research.":[208],"Thus,":[209],"departs":[212],"preceding":[215],"monolithic":[216],"approach":[217],"reasoning":[220],"incorporating":[224],"heterogeneity":[225],"logics:":[228],"feature":[230],"elaboration,":[233],"should":[235],"accounted":[237],"designing":[240],"AI-driven":[241],"systems":[243],"field.":[247,278],"It":[248],"thereby":[250],"hoped":[251],"decision-makers,":[254],"court":[255],"adjudicators,":[256],"researchers,":[257],"practitioners":[259],"gain":[261],"insights":[263],"into":[264],"utilise":[267],"basis":[272],"further":[274]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-06-25T08:15:23.626066","created_date":"2023-12-20T00:00:00"}
