{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417273663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-025-01020-1","title":"A Survey on Privacy-Preserving Enabled Healthcare Services Focusing on Robust Aggregation","display_name":"A Survey on Privacy-Preserving Enabled Healthcare Services Focusing on Robust Aggregation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417273663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-025-01020-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44196-025-01020-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-025-01020-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190680769","display_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","issn_l":"1875-6883","issn":["1875-6883","1875-6891"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-025-01020-1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000303741","display_name":"Meenakshi Aggarwal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3132145264","display_name":"Bhagwant University","ror":"https://ror.org/030c1ef86","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132145264"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meenakshi Aggarwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bhagwan Parshuram Institute of Technology, GGSIPU, Rohini, New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bhagwan Parshuram Institute of Technology, GGSIPU, Rohini, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132145264"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043722627","display_name":"Vikas Khullar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0404-3652"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74319210","display_name":"Chitkara University","ror":"https://ror.org/057d6z539","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vikas Khullar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079524430","display_name":"Nitin Goyal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7878-363X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133503","display_name":"Central University of Haryana","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtwkv54","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133503"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nitin Goyal","raw_affiliation_strings":["5G Lab, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, 123031, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"5G Lab, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, 123031, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133503"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049973730","display_name":"B. Jayaprakash","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106826634","display_name":"Jain University","ror":"https://ror.org/01cnqpt53","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106826634"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Jayaprakash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science & IT, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & IT, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106826634"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113703716","display_name":"B. Bharathi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9531-1300"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43814544","display_name":"Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01defpn95","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43814544"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Bharathi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43814544"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084039878","display_name":"Prabhat Kumar Sahu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0460-9783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193073490","display_name":"Siksha O Anusandhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/056ep7w45","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193073490"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prabhat Kumar Sahu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751030, India","Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751030, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751030, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193073490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751030, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193073490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100705962","display_name":"Gaurav Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6951-2798"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I85461943","display_name":"Saveetha University","ror":"https://ror.org/0034me914","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaurav Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of ECE, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, 602105, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of ECE, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, 602105, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027152210","display_name":"Vivek Bhardwaj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2288-6987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73779912","display_name":"Manipal University Jaipur","ror":"https://ror.org/040h76494","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73779912"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vivek Bhardwaj","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, 303007, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, 303007, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73779912"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027152210"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73779912"],"apc_list":{"value":1390,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1704},"apc_paid":{"value":1390,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1704},"fwci":2.9114,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92515308,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.8998000025749207,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.8998000025749207,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.00839999970048666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13918","display_name":"Advanced Data and IoT Technologies","score":0.008299999870359898,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.6427000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.5702000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.560699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.5605999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic review","score":0.4657999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-aggregator","display_name":"Data aggregator","score":0.39800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inclusion","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","score":0.39590001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthcare-industry","display_name":"Healthcare industry","score":0.3386000096797943}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6782000064849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.6427000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.5702000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.560699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5605999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.47209998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.4657999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.40709999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82578977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16773055","display_name":"Data aggregator","level":3,"score":0.39800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109359841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728944","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","level":2,"score":0.39590001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989086416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15067276","display_name":"Healthcare industry","level":3,"score":0.3386000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.32679998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.30059999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779965156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227350","display_name":"Data sharing","level":3,"score":0.2962999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.2919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780182762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1630279","display_name":"Guideline","level":2,"score":0.28600001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988170871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11000047","display_name":"Healthcare system","level":3,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21333345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519843","display_name":"Health technology","level":3,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776604539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6423395","display_name":"Knowledge sharing","level":2,"score":0.25920000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.2540999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.25369998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113644684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1356717","display_name":"Statistical process control","level":3,"score":0.2522999942302704}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44196-025-01020-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-025-01020-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190680769","display_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","issn_l":"1875-6883","issn":["1875-6883","1875-6891"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:68aea9e3328041a5b302edcc13085d5c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/68aea9e3328041a5b302edcc13085d5c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-36 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44196-025-01020-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-025-01020-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190680769","display_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","issn_l":"1875-6883","issn":["1875-6883","1875-6891"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":89,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1641498739","https://openalex.org/W2167868121","https://openalex.org/W2620670582","https://openalex.org/W2744909235","https://openalex.org/W2783522756","https://openalex.org/W2891400669","https://openalex.org/W2903890850","https://openalex.org/W2912213068","https://openalex.org/W2970885630","https://openalex.org/W2977072935","https://openalex.org/W2979637109","https://openalex.org/W2987375544","https://openalex.org/W2995022099","https://openalex.org/W3012501605","https://openalex.org/W3018464563","https://openalex.org/W3025098563","https://openalex.org/W3033403733","https://openalex.org/W3040685212","https://openalex.org/W3041971333","https://openalex.org/W3045674654","https://openalex.org/W3047434002","https://openalex.org/W3085451980","https://openalex.org/W3099128725","https://openalex.org/W3100506742","https://openalex.org/W3100779497","https://openalex.org/W3119381431","https://openalex.org/W3127755597","https://openalex.org/W3150684546","https://openalex.org/W3166245994","https://openalex.org/W3168286090","https://openalex.org/W3169231731","https://openalex.org/W3196053097","https://openalex.org/W3201458446","https://openalex.org/W3205701848","https://openalex.org/W3208814888","https://openalex.org/W3211185929","https://openalex.org/W3215482210","https://openalex.org/W3215776046","https://openalex.org/W4206726406","https://openalex.org/W4213446860","https://openalex.org/W4214640376","https://openalex.org/W4214758645","https://openalex.org/W4224296354","https://openalex.org/W4224861249","https://openalex.org/W4226082367","https://openalex.org/W4226461837","https://openalex.org/W4280617223","https://openalex.org/W4282924988","https://openalex.org/W4285229324","https://openalex.org/W4285815796","https://openalex.org/W4287332481","https://openalex.org/W4296552403","https://openalex.org/W4298012260","https://openalex.org/W4299680235","https://openalex.org/W4310852955","https://openalex.org/W4312127361","https://openalex.org/W4313476755","https://openalex.org/W4313554955","https://openalex.org/W4323980169","https://openalex.org/W4377107432","https://openalex.org/W4385234157","https://openalex.org/W4385737398","https://openalex.org/W4386608426","https://openalex.org/W4387647860","https://openalex.org/W4387789919","https://openalex.org/W4388145633","https://openalex.org/W4388279677","https://openalex.org/W4388600491","https://openalex.org/W4389665970","https://openalex.org/W4390188243","https://openalex.org/W4390930259","https://openalex.org/W4391748641","https://openalex.org/W4392901776","https://openalex.org/W4394821934","https://openalex.org/W4395672984","https://openalex.org/W4396578820","https://openalex.org/W4399583420","https://openalex.org/W4401421466","https://openalex.org/W4403316668","https://openalex.org/W4403598645","https://openalex.org/W4403656252","https://openalex.org/W4405475062","https://openalex.org/W4405701133","https://openalex.org/W4405966497","https://openalex.org/W4406245425","https://openalex.org/W4406560520","https://openalex.org/W4407286589","https://openalex.org/W4410854136","https://openalex.org/W4412774982"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Federated":[0],"learning":[1],"(FL)":[2],"and":[3,12,45,118,138,158,178,197,215,240,260,264,284,302,305,364],"artificial":[4],"intelligence":[5],"(AI)":[6],"are":[7],"the":[8,16,49,67,70,87,96,107,116,126,166,182,187,220,224,236,244,250,255,274,279,288,297,324,329,335,376],"two":[9],"most":[10],"cutting-edge":[11],"well-liked":[13],"technologies":[14],"in":[15,86,125,133,219,249,323,328,341],"field":[17],"of":[18,43,51,69,89,106,115,147,181,223,235,247,296],"intelligent":[19],"healthcare.":[20],"The":[21,104,211,227],"medical":[22],"industry":[23],"has":[24,32,40],"depended":[25],"on":[26,55,200],"centralized":[27,349],"agents":[28],"sharing":[29],"data":[30,64,350],"that":[31,185],"not":[33,347],"been":[34],"processed.":[35],"Therefore,":[36],"this":[37,360],"method":[38,290],"still":[39],"a":[41,59,77,101,112,141,232],"lot":[42,78],"problems":[44],"flaws.":[46],"FL":[47,74,132,248,310,330,339,381],"is":[48,109,291,307],"process":[50],"training":[52,332],"statistical":[53],"models":[54],"mobile":[56],"devices":[57,71],"from":[58,152],"central":[60],"location":[61],"using":[62,140],"decentralized":[63],"while":[65,369],"keeping":[66],"privacy":[68,91,343,355],"safe.":[72],"Privacy-preserving":[73],"methods":[75],"have":[76],"to":[79,81,99,110,131,194,230,262,362,374],"offer":[80],"learning-based":[82],"healthcare":[83,127,134,251,325],"systems,":[84],"especially":[85],"light":[88],"patient":[90],"requirements.":[92],"This":[93],"manuscript":[94],"used":[95,218],"PRISMA":[97],"guideline":[98],"conduct":[100],"systematic":[102,142],"review.":[103,210],"goal":[105],"paper":[108,228],"give":[111,231],"thorough":[113,233,294],"understanding":[114],"architecture":[117],"difficulties":[119,241],"associated":[120,242],"with":[121,243,269],"FL\u2019s":[122,266,321],"growing":[123,245],"use":[124,359,372],"sector.":[128],"Publications":[129],"related":[130],"were":[135,150,163,172,191,206,217],"gathered,":[136],"categorized,":[137],"examined":[139,320],"review":[143],"methodology.":[144],"A":[145,293],"total":[146],"186":[148],"papers":[149,184,205],"selected":[151,277],"IEEE,":[153],"Elsevier,":[154],"Arxiv,":[155],"ACM,":[156],"MDPI,":[157],"WOS":[159],"databases.":[160],"38":[161],"duplicates":[162],"removed":[164],"during":[165],"identification":[167],"phase.":[168],"Furthermore,":[169],"49":[170],"publications":[171],"excluded":[173,192],"after":[174],"assessing":[175],"their":[176,303,380],"titles":[177],"keywords.":[179],"Twenty-three":[180],"99":[183],"satisfied":[186],"full-text":[188,209],"eligibility":[189],"criteria":[190],"due":[193],"insufficient":[195],"relevance":[196],"inadequate":[198],"focus":[199],"quantitative":[201],"evaluations.":[202],"Consequently,":[203],"76":[204],"chosen":[207],"for":[208,379],"terms":[212],"\"FL\",":[213],"\"Healthcare\",":[214],"\"aggregation\"":[216],"English-language":[221],"publication":[222],"inclusion":[225],"measures.":[226],"aims":[229],"analysis":[234],"architecture,":[237],"aggregation":[238,256,271,275,300,367],"techniques,":[239,257],"usage":[246],"industry.":[252],"We":[253],"discuss":[254],"implementation":[258],"frameworks,":[259],"design":[261],"analyze":[263],"assess":[265],"capabilities":[267],"along":[268],"robust":[270],"approaches.":[272],"However,":[273],"technique":[276],"determines":[278],"final":[280],"global":[281],"model\u2019s":[282],"quality":[283],"dependability;":[285],"therefore,":[286],"choosing":[287],"correct":[289],"essential.":[292],"grasp":[295],"various":[298],"model":[299],"strategies":[301],"advantages":[304],"disadvantages":[306],"necessary,":[308],"as":[309],"becomes":[311],"more":[312],"prevalent":[313],"across":[314],"multiple":[315],"disciplines.":[316],"Additionally,":[317],"we":[318],"thoroughly":[319],"applicability":[322],"sector,":[326],"because":[327,344],"model,":[331],"occurs":[333],"at":[334],"client":[336],"site":[337],"only.":[338],"excels":[340],"protecting":[342],"it":[345,373],"does":[346],"require":[348],"aggregation,":[351],"which":[352],"presents":[353],"serious":[354],"problems.":[356],"Researchers":[357],"may":[358],"survey":[361],"improve":[363],"create":[365],"novel":[366],"methods,":[368],"practitioners":[370],"can":[371],"choose":[375],"best":[377],"approach":[378],"applications.":[382]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-12-12T00:00:00"}