{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3217581169","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-021-00038-5","title":"Enhancing ELECTRE I Method with Complex Spherical Fuzzy Information","display_name":"Enhancing ELECTRE I Method with Complex Spherical Fuzzy Information","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3217581169","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-021-00038-5","mag":"3217581169"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44196-021-00038-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-021-00038-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44196-021-00038-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190680769","display_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","issn_l":"1875-6883","issn":["1875-6883","1875-6891"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44196-021-00038-5.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001270995","display_name":"Muhammad Akram","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7217-7962"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172780181","display_name":"University of the Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/011maz450","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Akram","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, New Campus, Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7217-7962","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, New Campus, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009981956","display_name":"Ahmad N. Al\u2010Kenani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad N. Al-Kenani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80219, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80219, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033446461","display_name":"Maria Shabir","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172780181","display_name":"University of the Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/011maz450","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Shabir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, New Campus, Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, New Campus, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001270995"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"],"apc_list":{"value":1390,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1704},"apc_paid":{"value":1390,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1704},"fwci":4.3025,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94373772,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12709","display_name":"Optimization and Mathematical Programming","score":0.9452999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electre","display_name":"ELECTRE","score":0.9788861870765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.6115297079086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.6050454378128052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.48696431517601013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45888927578926086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator","display_name":"Operator (biology)","score":0.4497902989387512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4399665892124176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-decision-making","display_name":"Group decision-making","score":0.42614293098449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.41306138038635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.355001300573349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.32939109206199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3001338839530945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-criteria-decision-analysis","display_name":"Multiple-criteria decision analysis","score":0.26672136783599854}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47431972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045948","display_name":"ELECTRE","level":3,"score":0.9788861870765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.6115297079086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.6050454378128052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.48696431517601013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45888927578926086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.4497902989387512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4399665892124176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20701700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q388791","display_name":"Group decision-making","level":2,"score":0.42614293098449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.41306138038635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.355001300573349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32939109206199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3001338839530945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11105738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1895805","display_name":"Multiple-criteria decision analysis","level":2,"score":0.26672136783599854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44196-021-00038-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-021-00038-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44196-021-00038-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190680769","display_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","issn_l":"1875-6883","issn":["1875-6883","1875-6891"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44196-021-00038-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-021-00038-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44196-021-00038-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190680769","display_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","issn_l":"1875-6883","issn":["1875-6883","1875-6891"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3466732941","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"D1442-325-130","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322322","funder_display_name":"King Abdulaziz University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322322","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3217581169.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3217581169.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1505735190","https://openalex.org/W1966772027","https://openalex.org/W1980564456","https://openalex.org/W2013932252","https://openalex.org/W2037767697","https://openalex.org/W2080321857","https://openalex.org/W2097403045","https://openalex.org/W2140831119","https://openalex.org/W2803719421","https://openalex.org/W2804939729","https://openalex.org/W2892853079","https://openalex.org/W2898818769","https://openalex.org/W2903466805","https://openalex.org/W2921729277","https://openalex.org/W2945404912","https://openalex.org/W2947577298","https://openalex.org/W2952311754","https://openalex.org/W2953160093","https://openalex.org/W2959247396","https://openalex.org/W2973050472","https://openalex.org/W3010010446","https://openalex.org/W3043586643","https://openalex.org/W3091722739","https://openalex.org/W3097269121","https://openalex.org/W3121700030","https://openalex.org/W3162432343","https://openalex.org/W3174694819","https://openalex.org/W4210956414","https://openalex.org/W4211007335"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2151097448","https://openalex.org/W2796809906","https://openalex.org/W2348660983","https://openalex.org/W2286890209","https://openalex.org/W2913148204","https://openalex.org/W1976254693","https://openalex.org/W2384801745","https://openalex.org/W2369673506","https://openalex.org/W2040240542","https://openalex.org/W1928552208"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1,196],"article":[2,197],"is":[3,184],"concerned":[4],"to":[5,52,168,186,205,235],"delineate":[6],"the":[7,42,63,96,104,110,117,130,151,158,170,188,193,202,212,219,229,237,242],"strategic":[8],"approach":[9,51,200],"of":[10,25,36,48,70,81,106,132,138,166,211,218,241],"ELiminating":[11],"Et":[12],"Choice":[13],"Translating":[14],"REality":[15],"(ELECTRE)":[16],"method":[17,221],"for":[18,60,163],"multi-attribute":[19],"group":[20],"decision-making":[21,43],"(MAGDM)":[22],"in":[23],"terms":[24],"complex":[26,37,71,119,139,251],"spherical":[27,38,72,120,140,252],"fuzzy":[28,39,73,141],"sets.":[29],"The":[30,92,214],"feasible,":[31],"well-suited,":[32],"and":[33,45,56,86,109,154,160,172,192,216,231,239],"marvelous":[34],"structure":[35],"set":[40],"compliments":[41],"efficiency":[44],"ranking":[46,209],"calibre":[47],"ELECTRE":[49,122],"I":[50,123,149],"present":[53],"a":[54,66,181,207,247],"beneficial":[55],"supreme":[57],"aptitude":[58,240],"strategy":[59],"MAGDM.":[61],"Beside":[62],"proposed":[64,93,118,133],"methodology,":[65,134,244],"few":[67],"non-fundamental":[68],"properties":[69],"weighted":[74],"averaging":[75],"(":[76,124],"CSFWA":[77,107],")":[78],"operator":[79,108],"inclusive":[80],"shift":[82],"invariance,":[83],"homogenous,":[84],"linearity,":[85],"additive":[87],"property":[88],"are":[89,113,143,222],"also":[90,144],"explored.":[91],"procedure":[94],"validates":[95],"individual":[97],"opinions":[98,112],"into":[99],"an":[100],"acceptable":[101],"form":[102],"by":[103,116],"dint":[105],"aggregated":[111,178],"further":[114],"analyzed":[115],"fuzzy-":[121],"CSF":[125,147],"-ELECTRE":[126,148],"I)":[127],"method.":[128,254],"Within":[129],"consideration":[131],"normalized":[135],"Euclidean":[136],"distances":[137],"numbers":[142],"contemplated.":[145],"In":[146],"method,":[150],"score,":[152],"accuracy,":[153],"refusal":[155],"degrees":[156],"determine":[157],"concordance":[159,171],"discordance":[161,173],"sets":[162],"each":[164],"pair":[165],"alternatives":[167],"calculate":[169],"indices,":[174],"respectively.":[175],"Based":[176],"on":[177],"outranking":[179],"matrix,":[180],"decision":[182],"graph":[183],"constructed":[185],"attain":[187],"ELECTREcally":[189],"outranked":[190],"solutions":[191],"best":[194],"alternative.":[195],"provides":[198],"supplementary":[199],"at":[201],"final":[203],"step":[204],"profess":[206],"linear":[208],"order":[210],"alternatives.":[213],"versatility":[215],"feasibility":[217],"presented":[220,243],"embellished":[223],"with":[224,250],"two":[225],"case":[226],"studies":[227],"from":[228],"business":[230],"IT":[232],"field.":[233],"Moreover,":[234],"ratify":[236],"intensity":[238],"we":[245],"provide":[246],"comparative":[248],"study":[249],"fuzzy-TOPSIS":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T17:40:00.097472","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
