{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128957790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-026-00940-x","title":"Research on dual objective optimization of location and allocation for urban logistics drone distribution centers based on cost and timeliness","display_name":"Research on dual objective optimization of location and allocation for urban logistics drone distribution centers based on cost and timeliness","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128957790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-026-00940-x"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44163-026-00940-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-026-00940-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220416","display_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2731-0809","issn":["2731-0809"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-026-00940-x","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027671505","display_name":"Qing Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8980-2250"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28813325","display_name":"Civil Aviation University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/03je71k37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28813325"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Transportation Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Transportation Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28813325"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126046858","display_name":"Haonan Ge","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28813325","display_name":"Civil Aviation University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/03je71k37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28813325"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haonan Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Transportation Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Transportation Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28813325"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080750570","display_name":"Yang Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8298-4677"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28813325","display_name":"Civil Aviation University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/03je71k37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28813325"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Transportation Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Transportation Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28813325"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5126046858"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28813325"],"apc_list":{"value":1340,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1340},"apc_paid":{"value":1340,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1340},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23604313,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.8652999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.8652999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.05350000038743019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.01850000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drone","display_name":"Drone","score":0.6855999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulated-annealing","display_name":"Simulated annealing","score":0.6146000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-objective-optimization","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","score":0.5098000168800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.5063999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.438400000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.4300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.40720000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/location-allocation","display_name":"Location-allocation","score":0.39910000562667847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59519942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650665","display_name":"Drone","level":2,"score":0.6855999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6416000127792358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126980161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863783","display_name":"Simulated annealing","level":2,"score":0.6146000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5924000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68781425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2052203","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","level":2,"score":0.5098000168800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.5063999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.438400000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.4300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.40720000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778212267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6664764","display_name":"Location-allocation","level":2,"score":0.39910000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.37459999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.3571000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182299520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289588","display_name":"Total cost","level":2,"score":0.3334999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.3027999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117251300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1849855","display_name":"Parametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.29820001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109718341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Metaheuristic","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.29100000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14915018","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","level":2,"score":0.27379998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194387892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1747770","display_name":"Stochastic optimization","level":2,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778770139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1966904","display_name":"Solver","level":2,"score":0.26170000433921814}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44163-026-00940-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-026-00940-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220416","display_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2731-0809","issn":["2731-0809"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c9b2b100e97447dea3effbebb6eb844f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c9b2b100e97447dea3effbebb6eb844f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence, Vol 6, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44163-026-00940-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-026-00940-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220416","display_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2731-0809","issn":["2731-0809"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5652393698692322,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1698698606","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2333204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2773351417","https://openalex.org/W2887439418","https://openalex.org/W2907376023","https://openalex.org/W2952541788","https://openalex.org/W3122711124","https://openalex.org/W3137336600","https://openalex.org/W3208619252","https://openalex.org/W3214395459","https://openalex.org/W4319721356","https://openalex.org/W4409284086"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1,158],"study":[2,159],"proposes":[3],"an":[4,42],"innovative":[5],"dual-objective":[6],"optimization":[7,169],"model":[8,143],"for":[9,166],"the":[10,26,36,81,92,104,111,142,152,167],"location":[11],"and":[12,29,59,69,88,163,173],"allocation":[13],"problem":[14],"of":[15,38,114,154,170],"drone":[16,177],"delivery":[17,31],"centers":[18],"in":[19,175],"urban":[20,77,176],"logistics,":[21],"aiming":[22],"to":[23,65,91],"simultaneously":[24],"minimize":[25],"overall":[27],"cost":[28],"maximize":[30],"time":[32,146],"efficiency.":[33],"To":[34],"address":[35],"complexity":[37,147],"this":[39],"NP-hard":[40],"problem,":[41],"Improved":[43],"Genetic-Particle":[44],"Swarm":[45],"Optimization":[46],"(IGA-PSO)":[47],"hybrid":[48],"algorithm":[49],"was":[50],"designed,":[51],"which":[52],"integrates":[53],"a":[54,60,75],"simulated":[55],"annealing":[56],"selection":[57],"strategy":[58],"Gaussian":[61],"noise":[62],"perturbation":[63],"mechanism":[64],"enhance":[66],"solution":[67,94],"quality":[68],"robustness.":[70],"Simulation":[71],"results":[72],"based":[73],"on":[74],"50-node":[76],"scenario":[78],"demonstrate":[79],"that":[80,141],"proposed":[82],"IGA-PSO":[83],"significantly":[84],"outperforms":[85],"standard":[86],"GA":[87],"PSO,":[89],"converging":[90],"optimal":[93],"(Total":[95],"Cost:":[96],"300,704":[97],"CNY;":[98],"Average":[99],"Time":[100],"Utility:":[101],"0.894)":[102],"by":[103,123,135],"20th":[105],"iteration.":[106],"Sensitivity":[107],"analysis":[108],"further":[109],"reveals":[110],"critical":[112],"impact":[113],"airspace":[115,119],"configurations:":[116],"expanding":[117],"feasible":[118],"reduces":[120],"total":[121],"costs":[122,134],"15.4%":[124],"(to":[125],"254,438":[126],"CNY),":[127],"whereas":[128],"introducing":[129],"new":[130],"no-fly":[131],"zones":[132],"increases":[133],"9.6%.":[136],"Additionally,":[137],"scalability":[138],"tests":[139],"confirm":[140],"maintains":[144],"linear":[145],"(":[148],"$${R}^{2}\\approx0.99$$":[149],")":[150],"as":[151],"number":[153],"demand":[155],"nodes":[156],"increases.":[157],"provides":[160],"theoretical":[161],"support":[162],"data-driven":[164],"guidance":[165],"coordinated":[168],"economy,":[171],"efficiency,":[172],"sustainability":[174],"logistics":[178],"systems.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2026-02-16T00:00:00"}
