{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124295800","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-026-00838-8","title":"The constructing and empirical research on primary and secondary school teachers\u2019 digital competencies in the age of artificial intelligence","display_name":"The constructing and empirical research on primary and secondary school teachers\u2019 digital competencies in the age of artificial intelligence","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124295800","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-026-00838-8"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44163-026-00838-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-026-00838-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220416","display_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2731-0809","issn":["2731-0809"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-026-00838-8","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046694916","display_name":"Haishun Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117382","display_name":"Anyang Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02g9nss57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117382"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146051","display_name":"Anyang Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03sd3t490","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146051"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haishun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anyang Compulsory Education System Construction Research Center, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China","School of Education, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anyang Compulsory Education System Construction Research Center, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146051"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Education, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123143054","display_name":"Xiaojing Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117382","display_name":"Anyang Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02g9nss57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117382"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146051","display_name":"Anyang Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03sd3t490","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146051"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anyang Compulsory Education System Construction Research Center, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China","School of Education, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anyang Compulsory Education System Construction Research Center, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146051"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Education, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100604575","display_name":"Changqing Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-7749"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117382","display_name":"Anyang Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02g9nss57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenlu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Education, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Education, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117382"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123104660","display_name":"Zheyuan Kang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117382","display_name":"Anyang Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02g9nss57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheyuan Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Education, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Education, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117382"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5123143054"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117382","https://openalex.org/I4210146051"],"apc_list":{"value":990,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1067},"apc_paid":{"value":990,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1067},"fwci":26.3916,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98104833,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12338","display_name":"Digital literacy in education","score":0.7332000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12338","display_name":"Digital literacy in education","score":0.7332000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13016","display_name":"Innovative Educational Technologies","score":0.02160000056028366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14182","display_name":"Technology-Enhanced Education Studies","score":0.01899999938905239,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.5802000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5268999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lifelong-learning","display_name":"Lifelong learning","score":0.4823000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.3650999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytic-hierarchy-process","display_name":"Analytic hierarchy process","score":0.33970001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-teachers","display_name":"School teachers","score":0.3278999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-model","display_name":"Logic model","score":0.32339999079704285}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.5802000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5268999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108771440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q368475","display_name":"Lifelong learning","level":2,"score":0.4823000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.42820000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4081999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.4027999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.3650999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3589000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87345402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485202","display_name":"Analytic hierarchy process","level":2,"score":0.33970001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020423824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37226","display_name":"School teachers","level":2,"score":0.3278999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.32429999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775940519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17067742","display_name":"Logic model","level":2,"score":0.32339999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16443162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068473","display_name":"Educational technology","level":2,"score":0.321399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.29739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780468074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16628824","display_name":"Digital learning","level":2,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121017731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11661","display_name":"Information technology","level":2,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777646416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242069","display_name":"Digital literacy","level":2,"score":0.2775000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51067260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828812","display_name":"Professional development","level":2,"score":0.26489999890327454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44163-026-00838-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-026-00838-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220416","display_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2731-0809","issn":["2731-0809"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:91e268b17ed24eadba75867f9dedd378","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/91e268b17ed24eadba75867f9dedd378","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence, Vol 6, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44163-026-00838-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-026-00838-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220416","display_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2731-0809","issn":["2731-0809"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.4631037712097168,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2337326858","https://openalex.org/W2621428794","https://openalex.org/W2738404181","https://openalex.org/W4313221872"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Against":[1],"the":[2,8,55,86],"backdrop":[3],"of":[4,11,73,88,100],"rapid":[5],"AI":[6],"development,":[7,105],"digital":[9,31,89,128],"competency":[10,32],"primary":[12,36],"and":[13,37,41,60,70,91,103,123,145],"secondary":[14,38],"school":[15,39],"teachers":[16,40,69,82,114],"has":[17],"become":[18],"a":[19,30,50,71,98,139],"key":[20],"factor":[21],"in":[22,85,148],"educational":[23,134,143],"reform.":[24],"This":[25],"study":[26,111],"aims":[27],"to":[28,42,64,116,119,131],"construct":[29],"model":[33,137],"suitable":[34],"for":[35,142],"validate":[43],"its":[44],"effectiveness":[45],"through":[46],"empirical":[47],"research.":[48],"Using":[49],"mixed-method":[51],"approach,":[52],"we":[53],"applied":[54],"Analytic":[56],"Hierarchy":[57],"Process":[58],"(AHP)":[59],"fuzzy":[61],"comprehensive":[62,77],"evaluation":[63,78],"data":[65,120],"collected":[66],"from":[67],"30":[68,74],"panel":[72],"experts.":[75],"The":[76,110,136],"results":[79],"show":[80],"that":[81,113],"perform":[83],"excellently":[84],"application":[87],"technology":[90,124],"innovative":[92],"teaching":[93],"design,":[94],"but":[95],"there":[96],"is":[97],"lack":[99],"lifelong":[101],"learning":[102],"professional":[104,107],"especially":[106],"community":[108],"participation.":[109],"emphasizes":[112],"need":[115],"pay":[117],"attention":[118],"analysis":[121],"capabilities":[122],"integration,":[125],"while":[126],"strengthening":[127],"ethical":[129],"awareness,":[130],"improve":[132],"overall":[133],"quality.":[135],"provides":[138],"region-level":[140],"reference":[141],"policy":[144],"teacher":[146],"training":[147],"similar":[149],"Chinese":[150],"contexts.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-09T07:52:08.696243","created_date":"2026-01-16T00:00:00"}