{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412571834","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-025-00437-z","title":"A systematic literature review on the role of artificial intelligence in citizen science","display_name":"A systematic literature review on the role of artificial intelligence in citizen science","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412571834","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-025-00437-z"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44163-025-00437-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-025-00437-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44163-025-00437-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220416","display_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2731-0809","issn":["2731-0809"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44163-025-00437-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116487111","display_name":"Germain Abdul-Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2668-8619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196758499","display_name":"Fryske Akademy","ror":"https://ror.org/05fcmfe52","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196758499"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Germain Abdul-Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Governance and Innovation, University of Groningen/Campus Frysl\u00e2n, 8911 CE, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2668-8619","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Governance and Innovation, University of Groningen/Campus Frysl\u00e2n, 8911 CE, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196758499"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054888597","display_name":"Andrej Zwitter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-141X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196758499","display_name":"Fryske Akademy","ror":"https://ror.org/05fcmfe52","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196758499"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrej Zwitter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Governance and Innovation, University of Groningen/Campus Frysl\u00e2n, 8911 CE, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Governance and Innovation, University of Groningen/Campus Frysl\u00e2n, 8911 CE, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196758499"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028304455","display_name":"Noman Haleem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7588-6166"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196758499","display_name":"Fryske Akademy","ror":"https://ror.org/05fcmfe52","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196758499"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noman Haleem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Governance and Innovation, University of Groningen/Campus Frysl\u00e2n, 8911 CE, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Governance and Innovation, University of Groningen/Campus Frysl\u00e2n, 8911 CE, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196758499"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5116487111"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196758499"],"apc_list":{"value":990,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1067},"apc_paid":{"value":990,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1067},"fwci":2.6091,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90777577,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11891","display_name":"Big Data and Business Intelligence","score":0.98089998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11891","display_name":"Big Data and Business Intelligence","score":0.98089998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9635000228881836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9345999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-ethics","display_name":"Engineering ethics","score":0.3998931348323822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.3752165138721466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.36061549186706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3289341330528259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.32547593116760254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2911922335624695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1982739269733429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.1802823543548584}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.3998931348323822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3752165138721466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.36061549186706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3289341330528259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.32547593116760254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2911922335624695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1982739269733429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.1802823543548584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44163-025-00437-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-025-00437-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44163-025-00437-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220416","display_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2731-0809","issn":["2731-0809"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.rug.nl:openaire_cris_publications/04c773da-18b0-45c2-b614-9e51d292132c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/04c773da-18b0-45c2-b614-9e51d292132c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400420","display_name":"University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","host_organization_name":"University of Groningen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Abdul-Rahman, G, Zwitter, A & Haleem, N 2025, 'A systematic literature review on the role of artificial intelligence in citizen science', Discover Artificial Intelligence, vol. 5, 165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-025-00437-z","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:861a2c03afef44d894d77033c400b03a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/861a2c03afef44d894d77033c400b03a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 1-30 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.rug.nl:openaire/04c773da-18b0-45c2-b614-9e51d292132c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11370/04c773da-18b0-45c2-b614-9e51d292132c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400420","display_name":"University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","host_organization_name":"University of Groningen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Abdul-Rahman, G, Zwitter, A & Haleem, N 2025, 'A systematic literature review on the role of artificial intelligence in citizen science', Discover Artificial Intelligence, vol. 5, 165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-025-00437-z","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44163-025-00437-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-025-00437-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44163-025-00437-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220416","display_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2731-0809","issn":["2731-0809"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412571834.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412571834.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":108,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W194327752","https://openalex.org/W247896428","https://openalex.org/W641167940","https://openalex.org/W1533026432","https://openalex.org/W1776181700","https://openalex.org/W1971491685","https://openalex.org/W1984152675","https://openalex.org/W1993088733","https://openalex.org/W2002616861","https://openalex.org/W2006081851","https://openalex.org/W2012900288","https://openalex.org/W2022120424","https://openalex.org/W2022546212","https://openalex.org/W2023718959","https://openalex.org/W2030522107","https://openalex.org/W2046754846","https://openalex.org/W2055106789","https://openalex.org/W2058578276","https://openalex.org/W2062705038","https://openalex.org/W2073338313","https://openalex.org/W2084722535","https://openalex.org/W2092435486","https://openalex.org/W2123914215","https://openalex.org/W2128129957","https://openalex.org/W2132140832","https://openalex.org/W2145287260","https://openalex.org/W2147679889","https://openalex.org/W2150124758","https://openalex.org/W2163342390","https://openalex.org/W2166400110","https://openalex.org/W2168076234","https://openalex.org/W2193589278","https://openalex.org/W2295675274","https://openalex.org/W2341052239","https://openalex.org/W2343610860","https://openalex.org/W2344262615","https://openalex.org/W2402541419","https://openalex.org/W2405894514","https://openalex.org/W2468006349","https://openalex.org/W2512585839","https://openalex.org/W2536548658","https://openalex.org/W2552752639","https://openalex.org/W2554462568","https://openalex.org/W2581294054","https://openalex.org/W2605502301","https://openalex.org/W2611420814","https://openalex.org/W2730127287","https://openalex.org/W2739801017","https://openalex.org/W2767366093","https://openalex.org/W2769210209","https://openalex.org/W2771928994","https://openalex.org/W2788481061","https://openalex.org/W2793302187","https://openalex.org/W2804447297","https://openalex.org/W2810135932","https://openalex.org/W2885104799","https://openalex.org/W2886555678","https://openalex.org/W2891378911","https://openalex.org/W2891548325","https://openalex.org/W2895082331","https://openalex.org/W2900776368","https://openalex.org/W2904263391","https://openalex.org/W2904894527","https://openalex.org/W2921243212","https://openalex.org/W2945976633","https://openalex.org/W2948202728","https://openalex.org/W2948724060","https://openalex.org/W2949551779","https://openalex.org/W2952043257","https://openalex.org/W2953522645","https://openalex.org/W2954266614","https://openalex.org/W2959500497","https://openalex.org/W2982915530","https://openalex.org/W2989612956","https://openalex.org/W2990095667","https://openalex.org/W2991744714","https://openalex.org/W2999689051","https://openalex.org/W3009913006","https://openalex.org/W3015954161","https://openalex.org/W3035682561","https://openalex.org/W3048411328","https://openalex.org/W3089563436","https://openalex.org/W3092008126","https://openalex.org/W3119299797","https://openalex.org/W3123775691","https://openalex.org/W3128369117","https://openalex.org/W3132870345","https://openalex.org/W3134200403","https://openalex.org/W3139116291","https://openalex.org/W3157822456","https://openalex.org/W3173544627","https://openalex.org/W3184404692","https://openalex.org/W3190756216","https://openalex.org/W3200252821","https://openalex.org/W3205986235","https://openalex.org/W3207778663","https://openalex.org/W4205988985","https://openalex.org/W4207059300","https://openalex.org/W4210889554","https://openalex.org/W4255420622","https://openalex.org/W4255599998","https://openalex.org/W4294215472","https://openalex.org/W4309155025","https://openalex.org/W4319834843","https://openalex.org/W4322775994","https://openalex.org/W4386511142","https://openalex.org/W6635885840","https://openalex.org/W6636248209"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3013226710","https://openalex.org/W2949263084","https://openalex.org/W2098269760","https://openalex.org/W2743539335","https://openalex.org/W2048944901","https://openalex.org/W594353338","https://openalex.org/W4254774684"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Citizen":[1],"science":[2],"(CS)":[3],"has":[4,26],"emerged":[5],"as":[6,164],"a":[7,100],"collaborative":[8],"process":[9],"for":[10],"addressing":[11],"complex":[12],"scientific":[13],"and":[14,31,43,79,91,108,118,146,154,170,202,205,212],"societal":[15],"challenges.":[16],"The":[17],"emergence":[18],"of":[19,45,81,103,110,124,180],"artificial":[20],"intelligence":[21],"(AI)":[22],"into":[23,186],"CS":[24,69,82],"projects,":[25],"transformed":[27],"data":[28,151,165],"collection,":[29],"analysis,":[30],"validation":[32,155],"steps.":[33],"However,":[34,161],"significant":[35],"gaps":[36,55],"remain":[37],"in":[38,68,156,182,195],"understanding":[39],"the":[40,54,77,97,133,177],"methodologies,":[41],"applications,":[42],"challenges":[44,86,162],"AI-CS":[46,89],"integration.":[47],"Our":[48,136,174],"systematic":[49,101],"review":[50],"seeks":[51],"to":[52],"address":[53],"by":[56],"answering":[57],"three":[58,187],"questions:":[59],"(1)":[60,190],"What":[61,85],"AI":[62,74,181],"methodologies":[63],"are":[64,93],"most":[65],"commonly":[66],"applied":[67],"projects?":[70],"(2)":[71,198],"How":[72],"does":[73],"integration":[75],"impact":[76],"efficiency":[78],"scalability":[80,171],"initiatives?":[83],"(3)":[84,206],"arise":[87],"from":[88],"integration,":[90],"how":[92],"they":[94],"mitigated?":[95],"Following":[96],"PRISMA-ScR":[98],"guidelines,":[99],"search":[102],"Scopus,":[104],"ACM":[105],"Digital":[106],"Library,":[107],"Web":[109],"Science":[111],"identified":[112],"relevant":[113],"articles":[114],"published":[115],"between":[116],"2013":[117],"2024.":[119],"From":[120],"an":[121],"initial":[122],"pool":[123],"2,470":[125],"publications,":[126],"90":[127],"were":[128],"retained":[129],"after":[130],"filtering":[131],"through":[132,209],"eligibility":[134],"criteria.":[135],"findings":[137],"illustrate":[138],"ML":[139],"techniques,":[140],"including":[141],"deep":[142],"learning,":[143],"clustering":[144],"algorithms,":[145],"convolutional":[147],"neural":[148],"networks,":[149],"boost":[150],"annotation,":[152],"classification,":[153],"applications":[157],"across":[158],"various":[159],"disciplines.":[160],"such":[163],"quality":[166],"variability,":[167],"algorithmic":[168],"opacity,":[169],"constraints":[172],"persist.":[173],"conclusion":[175],"identifies":[176],"multifaceted":[178],"role":[179],"citizen":[183],"science,":[184],"categorized":[185],"primary":[188],"functions:":[189],"assisting":[191],"or":[192],"replacing":[193],"humans":[194],"task":[196],"completion,":[197],"influencing":[199],"human":[200],"behaviour":[201],"fostering":[203],"engagement,":[204],"improving":[207],"insights":[208],"pattern":[210],"identification":[211],"decision":[213],"support.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-17T05:52:16.776730","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}