{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7151778769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43684-026-00129-0","title":"AHAT: adaptive hybrid association strategy for multi-object tracking in complex motion scenes","display_name":"AHAT: adaptive hybrid association strategy for multi-object tracking in complex motion scenes","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7151778769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43684-026-00129-0"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s43684-026-00129-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43684-026-00129-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43684-026-00129-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227358","display_name":"Autonomous Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2730-616X","issn":["2730-616X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Autonomous Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43684-026-00129-0.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133174542","display_name":"Keyu Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201210, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201210, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133148441","display_name":"Yajie Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yajie Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201210, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201210, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037854048","display_name":"Xiuxian Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4938-0468"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105785","display_name":"Intelligent Systems Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01reevc91","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105785"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiuxian Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201210, China","Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201210, China","State Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems, Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Ministry of Education, and Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201210, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4938-0468","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201210, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201210, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems, Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Ministry of Education, and Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201210, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105785"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037854048"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780","https://openalex.org/I4210105785"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.37943934,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.979200005531311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.979200005531311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6577000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-tracking","display_name":"Video tracking","score":0.4821999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.4717000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.41019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.38370001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.3806999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.3785000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking-system","display_name":"Tracking system","score":0.3603000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.3571000099182129}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7991999983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7893000245094299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7139000296592712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6577000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.4821999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.4717000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.41019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.38370001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.3806999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.3785000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154586513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4420972","display_name":"Tracking system","level":3,"score":0.3603000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3571000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.34630000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983325608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084606","display_name":"Data association","level":3,"score":0.3343000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.32919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.326200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983787585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93586","display_name":"Feature matching","level":3,"score":0.3125999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.30709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780624872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852453","display_name":"Motion detection","level":3,"score":0.29679998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2953000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98907195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428562","display_name":"Facial motion capture","level":5,"score":0.2937999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48007421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676252","display_name":"Motion capture","level":3,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10161872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557891","display_name":"Motion estimation","level":2,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95020103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813492","display_name":"Match moving","level":3,"score":0.27799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2619999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s43684-026-00129-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43684-026-00129-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43684-026-00129-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227358","display_name":"Autonomous Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2730-616X","issn":["2730-616X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Autonomous Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4f8bf96575f6428fa92ddb1f366ec520","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4f8bf96575f6428fa92ddb1f366ec520","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Autonomous Intelligent Systems, Vol 6, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s43684-026-00129-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43684-026-00129-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43684-026-00129-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227358","display_name":"Autonomous Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2730-616X","issn":["2730-616X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Autonomous Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G357724689","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U25A20458","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4606321376","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021SHZDZX0100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7151778769.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7151778769.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2124781496","https://openalex.org/W2991013353","https://openalex.org/W3084173793","https://openalex.org/W3086436251","https://openalex.org/W3095753995","https://openalex.org/W3118212025","https://openalex.org/W4288054401","https://openalex.org/W4319866011","https://openalex.org/W4385575022","https://openalex.org/W4387969510","https://openalex.org/W4390547344","https://openalex.org/W4401506914","https://openalex.org/W4406753726"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multi-object":[0],"tracking":[1,136,201],"(MOT)":[2],"has":[3,46],"long":[4],"been":[5],"a":[6,75,89,116,146,204],"challenging":[7],"task":[8],"in":[9,13,29,138,149,151,173,177],"computer":[10],"vision,":[11],"particularly":[12],"complex":[14],"scenes":[15],"with":[16,153],"intricate":[17],"motion":[18,42,99,159],"patterns":[19],"and":[20,32,43,100,132,140,161,180,185],"frequent":[21],"occlusions.":[22],"Existing":[23],"approaches":[24],"often":[25],"face":[26],"significant":[27],"hurdles":[28],"maintaining":[30],"consistent":[31],"accurate":[33],"trajectories":[34],"under":[35],"such":[36],"demanding":[37],"conditions.":[38],"The":[39,95,190],"integration":[40,198],"of":[41,83,193],"appearance":[44,101],"cues":[45],"proven":[47],"beneficial,":[48],"yet":[49,206],"most":[50],"methods":[51],"rely":[52],"on":[53],"static":[54],"fusion":[55],"strategies":[56],"that":[57],"fail":[58],"to":[59,61,79,103],"adapt":[60],"dynamic":[62,91,117,141],"scene":[63],"variations.":[64],"In":[65],"this":[66],"paper,":[67],"we":[68],"propose":[69],"Adaptive":[70],"Hybrid":[71],"Association":[72],"Tracking":[73],"(AHAT),":[74],"novel":[76],"framework":[77],"designed":[78],"address":[80],"the":[81,112],"limitations":[82],"traditional":[84],"MOT":[85],"methods.":[86],"AHAT":[87,144,194],"employs":[88],"two-stage":[90],"feature":[92],"selection":[93],"mechanism.":[94],"first":[96],"stage":[97,114],"combines":[98],"features":[102],"achieve":[104],"high-precision":[105],"matching":[106,121],"for":[107,119,196],"high-scoring":[108],"detection":[109,124,155],"boxes,":[110],"while":[111],"second":[113],"utilizes":[115],"threshold":[118],"simple":[120,205],"against":[122],"low-scoring":[123],"boxes.":[125],"This":[126],"approach":[127],"effectively":[128],"reduces":[129,162],"trajectory":[130],"fragmentation":[131],"ID":[133],"switches,":[134],"improving":[135],"robustness":[137],"crowded":[139],"environments.":[142],"Notably,":[143],"achieves":[145],"5%":[147],"improvement":[148],"HOTA":[150],"scenarios":[152],"low":[154],"confidence":[156],"or":[157],"high":[158,183],"complexity":[160],"identity":[163],"switches":[164],"by":[165],"over":[166],"10%.":[167],"These":[168],"results":[169],"highlight":[170],"AHAT\u2019s":[171],"effectiveness":[172],"practical":[174],"applications,":[175],"especially":[176],"video":[178],"surveillance":[179],"robotics":[181],"where":[182],"accuracy":[184],"real-time":[186],"performance":[187],"are":[188],"crucial.":[189],"modular":[191],"design":[192],"allows":[195],"seamless":[197],"into":[199],"existing":[200],"frameworks,":[202],"offering":[203],"effective":[207],"solution.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T06:02:16.177343","created_date":"2026-04-09T00:00:00"}