{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130975695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-026-01024-3","title":"Who will pay for the Matrix? Simulation sponsors, AI governance, and the ethics and political economy of digital worlds","display_name":"Who will pay for the Matrix? Simulation sponsors, AI governance, and the ethics and political economy of digital worlds","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130975695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-026-01024-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s43681-026-01024-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-026-01024-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170699","display_name":"AI and Ethics","issn_l":"2730-5953","issn":["2730-5953","2730-5961"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI and Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126574853","display_name":"Stephen Topazi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96698942","display_name":"University of Cumbria","ror":"https://ror.org/05gd22996","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96698942"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Topazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cumbria, Carlisle, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cumbria, Carlisle, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96698942"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5126574853"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96698942"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65466344,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.29330000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.29330000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12501","display_name":"Digital Economy and Work Transformation","score":0.05510000139474869,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11197","display_name":"Digital Games and Media","score":0.024399999529123306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/posthuman","display_name":"Posthuman","score":0.579800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/argument","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","score":0.5641000270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/existentialism","display_name":"Existentialism","score":0.5623999834060669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.508400022983551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normative","display_name":"Normative","score":0.4918999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4237000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-governance","display_name":"Corporate governance","score":0.4059000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ideology","display_name":"Ideology","score":0.36959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-philosophy","display_name":"Political philosophy","score":0.3666999936103821}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779549840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18276277","display_name":"Posthuman","level":2,"score":0.579800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98184364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5641000270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127882523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38066","display_name":"Existentialism","level":2,"score":0.5623999834060669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.508400022983551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.508400022983551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44725695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288156","display_name":"Normative","level":2,"score":0.4918999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.45969998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.4578999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4237000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.4059000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.36959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3682999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79841651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179805","display_name":"Political philosophy","level":3,"score":0.3666999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.34869998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780704645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9251458","display_name":"Observer (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.3156999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153606108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46158","display_name":"Humanism","level":2,"score":0.3082999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3077000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182744844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35277","display_name":"Metaphysics","level":2,"score":0.30559998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.287200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2851000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187029079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958679","display_name":"Cognitive reframing","level":2,"score":0.2750000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776465305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2006336","display_name":"Underclass","level":2,"score":0.273499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119232533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q873451","display_name":"Business ethics","level":2,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203043789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138461","display_name":"Digital economy","level":2,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118084267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26110","display_name":"Positive economics","level":1,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46295352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207982","display_name":"Legitimacy","level":3,"score":0.2542000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.2515000104904175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s43681-026-01024-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-026-01024-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170699","display_name":"AI and Ethics","issn_l":"2730-5953","issn":["2730-5953","2730-5961"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI and Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20381236","https://openalex.org/W1615222761","https://openalex.org/W1988195351","https://openalex.org/W1991449244","https://openalex.org/W2142984058","https://openalex.org/W2889011686","https://openalex.org/W2901765403","https://openalex.org/W2954266614","https://openalex.org/W3192218208","https://openalex.org/W4388193887","https://openalex.org/W4389781823"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-24T06:16:03.338239","created_date":"2026-02-23T00:00:00"}