{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7139967800","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-025-00914-2","title":"Evaluation of AI ethics tools in language models: a developers\u2019 perspective case study","display_name":"Evaluation of AI ethics tools in language models: a developers\u2019 perspective case study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7139967800","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-025-00914-2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s43681-025-00914-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-025-00914-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170699","display_name":"AI and Ethics","issn_l":"2730-5953","issn":["2730-5953","2730-5961"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI and Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122650384","display_name":"Silva, Jh\u00e9ssica Vict\u00f3ria Santos da, 1998-","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181391015","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jhessica Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130266786","display_name":"Diego A. B. Moreira","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181391015","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diego A. B. Moreira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130282478","display_name":"Gabriel O. dos Santos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181391015","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel O. dos Santos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018617522","display_name":"Alef Iury Siqueira Ferreira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9119-6357"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68106152","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s","ror":"https://ror.org/0039d5757","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68106152"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alef Ferreira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Inform\u00e1tica, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Inform\u00e1tica, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68106152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029704228","display_name":"Helena de Almeida Maia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8253-9004"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181391015","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helena Maia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115722062","display_name":"Sandra Avila","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181391015","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandra Avila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130290836","display_name":"Helio Pedrini","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181391015","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helio Pedrini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5122650384"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93167098,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.5613999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.5613999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.20419999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.08150000125169754,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.6478000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/portuguese","display_name":"Portuguese","score":0.5019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.47269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inclusion","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","score":0.3919000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-industry","display_name":"Language industry","score":0.31060001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethical-issues","display_name":"Ethical issues","score":0.3068999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inclusion\u2013exclusion-principle","display_name":"Inclusion\u2013exclusion principle","score":0.27709999680519104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6478000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35219183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5146","display_name":"Portuguese","level":2,"score":0.5019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4918000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.48579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.47269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.4627000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109359841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728944","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","level":2,"score":0.3919000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.35679998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1813318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465887","display_name":"Language industry","level":4,"score":0.31060001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986663376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9465","display_name":"Ethical issues","level":2,"score":0.3068999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30219998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.29789999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134320572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849335","display_name":"Inclusion\u2013exclusion principle","level":3,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.2702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2653999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779313563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17072565","display_name":"On Language","level":2,"score":0.25529998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47602998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2588869","display_name":"Language barrier","level":2,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.25369998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.25220000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s43681-025-00914-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-025-00914-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170699","display_name":"AI and Ethics","issn_l":"2730-5953","issn":["2730-5953","2730-5961"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI and Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.8075771331787109}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":199,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1787224781","https://openalex.org/W1793498174","https://openalex.org/W2014352947","https://openalex.org/W2039649206","https://openalex.org/W2077266243","https://openalex.org/W2097246321","https://openalex.org/W2125847307","https://openalex.org/W2138512963","https://openalex.org/W2173820309","https://openalex.org/W2203709713","https://openalex.org/W2231944250","https://openalex.org/W2282821441","https://openalex.org/W2332851105","https://openalex.org/W2510508396","https://openalex.org/W2511234952","https://openalex.org/W2551317447","https://openalex.org/W2598912916","https://openalex.org/W2610628634","https://openalex.org/W2619904157","https://openalex.org/W2635353767","https://openalex.org/W2745133928","https://openalex.org/W2750144484","https://openalex.org/W2751225289","https://openalex.org/W2762694293","https://openalex.org/W2765813195","https://openalex.org/W2784773199","https://openalex.org/W2789346393","https://openalex.org/W2794354164","https://openalex.org/W2801228678","https://openalex.org/W2810546090","https://openalex.org/W2862332728","https://openalex.org/W2880383342","https://openalex.org/W2884074583","https://openalex.org/W2895020971","https://openalex.org/W2897042519","https://openalex.org/W2899579542","https://openalex.org/W2907554860","https://openalex.org/W2911227954","https://openalex.org/W2944988415","https://openalex.org/W2945295328","https://openalex.org/W2953212529","https://openalex.org/W2953522645","https://openalex.org/W2962772482","https://openalex.org/W2962851944","https://openalex.org/W2962951800","https://openalex.org/W2972854536","https://openalex.org/W2974071289","https://openalex.org/W2974817986","https://openalex.org/W2981899967","https://openalex.org/W2996541402","https://openalex.org/W2997449172","https://openalex.org/W3000668449","https://openalex.org/W3001754608","https://openalex.org/W3001807593","https://openalex.org/W3005136177","https://openalex.org/W3007204236","https://openalex.org/W3014972121","https://openalex.org/W3026607820","https://openalex.org/W3034723486","https://openalex.org/W3035507081","https://openalex.org/W3048991518","https://openalex.org/W3096266342","https://openalex.org/W3101058639","https://openalex.org/W3114421065","https://openalex.org/W3119416105","https://openalex.org/W3123340107","https://openalex.org/W3133702157","https://openalex.org/W3166449174","https://openalex.org/W3177920269","https://openalex.org/W3196248941","https://openalex.org/W3199110531","https://openalex.org/W3199196172","https://openalex.org/W3204486714","https://openalex.org/W3210785553","https://openalex.org/W3212368439","https://openalex.org/W4221080962","https://openalex.org/W4224247835","https://openalex.org/W4225159056","https://openalex.org/W4226137667","https://openalex.org/W4226227657","https://openalex.org/W4229447062","https://openalex.org/W4232902877","https://openalex.org/W4283155630","https://openalex.org/W4283159495","https://openalex.org/W4285220056","https://openalex.org/W4287811054","https://openalex.org/W4288083797","https://openalex.org/W4289123308","https://openalex.org/W4292081290","https://openalex.org/W4298235707","https://openalex.org/W4311271172","https://openalex.org/W4313419070","https://openalex.org/W4319165740","https://openalex.org/W4319661244","https://openalex.org/W4320342906","https://openalex.org/W4321435062","https://openalex.org/W4321780976","https://openalex.org/W4323037478","https://openalex.org/W4323926479","https://openalex.org/W4362579246","https://openalex.org/W4366502833","https://openalex.org/W4375861770","https://openalex.org/W4375959287","https://openalex.org/W4376137450","https://openalex.org/W4380568745","https://openalex.org/W4381380007","https://openalex.org/W4381572755","https://openalex.org/W4382317629","https://openalex.org/W4383107832","https://openalex.org/W4384026635","https://openalex.org/W4384521637","https://openalex.org/W4385485193","https://openalex.org/W4385573985","https://openalex.org/W4385688303","https://openalex.org/W4386231159","https://openalex.org/W4386930238","https://openalex.org/W4387130605","https://openalex.org/W4387316209","https://openalex.org/W4387522367","https://openalex.org/W4387546745","https://openalex.org/W4387618732","https://openalex.org/W4388676246","https://openalex.org/W4388824061","https://openalex.org/W4389046890","https://openalex.org/W4389524249","https://openalex.org/W4389546926","https://openalex.org/W4389746748","https://openalex.org/W4389862052","https://openalex.org/W4389940828","https://openalex.org/W4390120185","https://openalex.org/W4390663046","https://openalex.org/W4390823219","https://openalex.org/W4391108298","https://openalex.org/W4391148660","https://openalex.org/W4391517367","https://openalex.org/W4391659391","https://openalex.org/W4391709476","https://openalex.org/W4391815906","https://openalex.org/W4391843890","https://openalex.org/W4392056833","https://openalex.org/W4392305756","https://openalex.org/W4392367747","https://openalex.org/W4392714294","https://openalex.org/W4393853002","https://openalex.org/W4393928775","https://openalex.org/W4394603002","https://openalex.org/W4394663350","https://openalex.org/W4394785463","https://openalex.org/W4394809996","https://openalex.org/W4394857110","https://openalex.org/W4394949392","https://openalex.org/W4396534958","https://openalex.org/W4396577220","https://openalex.org/W4396662745","https://openalex.org/W4396832133","https://openalex.org/W4396833691","https://openalex.org/W4399125735","https://openalex.org/W4399478296","https://openalex.org/W4399530589","https://openalex.org/W4399917655","https://openalex.org/W4399920813","https://openalex.org/W4400522920","https://openalex.org/W4400875404","https://openalex.org/W4400952371","https://openalex.org/W4401248320","https://openalex.org/W4401579433","https://openalex.org/W4402130379","https://openalex.org/W4402135288","https://openalex.org/W4402167717","https://openalex.org/W4402564190","https://openalex.org/W4402787418","https://openalex.org/W4403054394","https://openalex.org/W4403086480","https://openalex.org/W4403577276","https://openalex.org/W4403733243","https://openalex.org/W4404356592","https://openalex.org/W4404356633","https://openalex.org/W4404390411","https://openalex.org/W4404446248","https://openalex.org/W4404719500","https://openalex.org/W4404783079","https://openalex.org/W4405087762","https://openalex.org/W4405380665","https://openalex.org/W4405669526","https://openalex.org/W4405673189","https://openalex.org/W4406624573","https://openalex.org/W4406845673","https://openalex.org/W4406941547","https://openalex.org/W4406941621","https://openalex.org/W4407243994","https://openalex.org/W4407811419","https://openalex.org/W4407905630","https://openalex.org/W4408363676","https://openalex.org/W4408995032","https://openalex.org/W4409362079","https://openalex.org/W6892107241","https://openalex.org/W6910582978","https://openalex.org/W6948199273","https://openalex.org/W7131787912"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-23T06:02:50.125483","created_date":"2026-03-22T00:00:00"}