{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402404817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-024-00573-9","title":"Right to be forgotten in the Era of large language models: implications, challenges, and solutions","display_name":"Right to be forgotten in the Era of large language models: implications, challenges, and solutions","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402404817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-024-00573-9"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s43681-024-00573-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-024-00573-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43681-024-00573-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170699","display_name":"AI and Ethics","issn_l":"2730-5953","issn":["2730-5953","2730-5961"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI and Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43681-024-00573-9.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057228994","display_name":"Dawen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0801-475X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347636","display_name":"Australian National University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wvm592","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dawen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO\u2019s Data61, Canberra, Australia","School of Computing, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO\u2019s Data61, Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022945768","display_name":"Pamela Finckenberg-Broman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pamela Finckenberg-Broman","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO\u2019s Data61, Canberra, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO\u2019s Data61, Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101819360","display_name":"Thong Hoang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5096-4834"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thong Hoang","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO\u2019s Data61, Canberra, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO\u2019s Data61, Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101445136","display_name":"Shidong Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4599-8292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347636","display_name":"Australian National University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wvm592","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shidong Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO\u2019s Data61, Canberra, Australia","School of Computing, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO\u2019s Data61, Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028641941","display_name":"Zhenchang Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7663-1421"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347636","display_name":"Australian National University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wvm592","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenchang Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO\u2019s Data61, Canberra, Australia","School of Computing, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO\u2019s Data61, Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004692644","display_name":"Mark Staples","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3284-5385"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Staples","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO\u2019s Data61, Canberra, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO\u2019s Data61, Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006841485","display_name":"Xiwei Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2273-1862"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiwei Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO\u2019s Data61, Canberra, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO\u2019s Data61, Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057228994"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347636","https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I42894916"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":101.8916,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99963876,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"3","first_page":"2445","last_page":"2454"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10802","display_name":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","score":0.8725000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10802","display_name":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","score":0.8725000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12151","display_name":"Interpreting and Communication in Healthcare","score":0.8472999930381775,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14259","display_name":"Legal Rights and Human Rights","score":0.8377000093460083,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.37821057438850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.36707884073257446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.21494156122207642}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.37821057438850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.36707884073257446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.21494156122207642}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s43681-024-00573-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-024-00573-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43681-024-00573-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170699","display_name":"AI and Ethics","issn_l":"2730-5953","issn":["2730-5953","2730-5961"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI and Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s43681-024-00573-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-024-00573-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43681-024-00573-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170699","display_name":"AI and Ethics","issn_l":"2730-5953","issn":["2730-5953","2730-5961"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI and Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320386","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402404817.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402404817.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488996941","https://openalex.org/W2017710186","https://openalex.org/W2607336114","https://openalex.org/W2771416917","https://openalex.org/W2799040448","https://openalex.org/W2922709902","https://openalex.org/W2963149412","https://openalex.org/W2984055845","https://openalex.org/W3034383590","https://openalex.org/W3035644192","https://openalex.org/W3095319910","https://openalex.org/W3125912651","https://openalex.org/W3139086469","https://openalex.org/W3154155772","https://openalex.org/W3174532363","https://openalex.org/W4226278401","https://openalex.org/W4242597708","https://openalex.org/W4378977066","https://openalex.org/W4385571534","https://openalex.org/W4389518954","https://openalex.org/W4389524506","https://openalex.org/W4390571451","https://openalex.org/W4391725286","https://openalex.org/W4402671039","https://openalex.org/W6600195515","https://openalex.org/W6600445788","https://openalex.org/W6600655081","https://openalex.org/W6602430550","https://openalex.org/W6730126202","https://openalex.org/W6778883912"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W405926467","https://openalex.org/W1965611333","https://openalex.org/W2032228042","https://openalex.org/W1505098369","https://openalex.org/W1999916109","https://openalex.org/W3132349679","https://openalex.org/W37840851","https://openalex.org/W4251713484","https://openalex.org/W2811289096","https://openalex.org/W2063276002"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"Right":[2,33],"to":[3,34,46,51,67,69,160],"be":[4,55],"Forgotten":[5],"(RTBF)":[6],"was":[7,28,78],"first":[8],"established":[9],"as":[10,31,83],"the":[11,14,32,37,49,74,84,87,92,117,121,145,165,168,180,186,196],"result":[12,85],"of":[13,16,43,86,89,95,170,183,189,198],"ruling":[15],"Google":[17,20],"Spain":[18],"SL,":[19],"Inc.":[21],"v":[22],"AEPD,":[23],"Mario":[24],"Costeja":[25],"Gonz\u00e1lez,":[26],"and":[27,100,130,154,177,185,210],"later":[29],"included":[30],"Erasure":[35],"under":[36],"General":[38],"Data":[39],"Protection":[40],"Regulation":[41],"(GDPR)":[42],"European":[44],"Union":[45],"allow":[47],"individuals":[48,63],"right":[50,82],"request":[52],"personal":[53],"data":[54],"deleted":[56],"by":[57,125],"organizations.":[58],"Specifically":[59],"for":[60,142,164,204],"search":[61,126],"engines,":[62,127],"can":[64,200],"send":[65],"requests":[66],"organizations":[68],"exclude":[70],"their":[71,101],"information":[72,132],"from":[73,116,195],"query":[75],"results.":[76],"It":[77],"a":[79,134],"significant":[80],"emergent":[81],"evolution":[88],"technology.":[90],"With":[91,179],"recent":[93],"development":[94],"Large":[96],"Language":[97],"Models":[98],"(LLMs)":[99],"use":[102,169],"in":[103,133],"chatbots,":[104],"LLM-enabled":[105],"software":[106],"systems":[107],"have":[108],"become":[109],"popular.":[110],"But":[111],"they":[112],"are":[113],"not":[114],"excluded":[115],"RTBF.":[118,146],"Compared":[119],"with":[120,144],"indexing":[122],"approach":[123],"used":[124],"LLMs":[128],"store,":[129],"process":[131],"completely":[135],"different":[136],"way.":[137],"This":[138],"poses":[139],"new":[140],"challenges":[141,153],"compliance":[143],"In":[147],"this":[148,191],"paper,":[149],"we":[150],"explore":[151],"these":[152],"provide":[155,201],"our":[156],"insights":[157],"on":[158],"how":[159],"implement":[161],"technical":[162,205],"solutions":[163],"RTBF,":[166],"including":[167],"differential":[171],"privacy,":[172],"machine":[173],"unlearning,":[174],"model":[175],"editing,":[176],"guardrails.":[178],"rapid":[181],"advancement":[182],"AI":[184],"increasing":[187],"need":[188],"regulating":[190],"powerful":[192],"technology,":[193],"learning":[194],"case":[197],"RTBF":[199],"valuable":[202],"lessons":[203],"practitioners,":[206],"legal":[207],"experts,":[208],"organizations,":[209],"authorities.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}