{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206449260","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-021-00128-2","title":"Safety criticism and ethical dilemma of autonomous vehicles","display_name":"Safety criticism and ethical dilemma of autonomous vehicles","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206449260","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-021-00128-2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s43681-021-00128-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-021-00128-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170699","display_name":"AI and Ethics","issn_l":"2730-5953","issn":["2730-5953","2730-5961"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI and Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047526883","display_name":"Wei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0879-9200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101842656","display_name":"Yi Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5227-0585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115591754","display_name":"Shichao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3951-0756"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shichao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031123093","display_name":"Xuecai Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5798-8441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xuecai Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5798-8441","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031123093"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9794,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86463612,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"4","first_page":"869","last_page":"874"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9706000089645386,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.967199981212616,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dilemma","display_name":"Dilemma","score":0.848265528678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/utilitarianism","display_name":"Utilitarianism","score":0.835983157157898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criticism","display_name":"Criticism","score":0.7932257652282715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethical-dilemma","display_name":"Ethical dilemma","score":0.7391862273216248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deontological-ethics","display_name":"Deontological ethics","score":0.6801881790161133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liability","display_name":"Liability","score":0.5758610367774963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-ethics","display_name":"Engineering ethics","score":0.5362723469734192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commercialization","display_name":"Commercialization","score":0.4815795421600342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.38286787271499634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-and-economics","display_name":"Law and economics","score":0.34933891892433167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.3422430157661438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.3105279803276062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25013262033462524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.21577242016792297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.15768668055534363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.10138505697250366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778496695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254128","display_name":"Dilemma","level":2,"score":0.848265528678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C525925914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160590","display_name":"Utilitarianism","level":2,"score":0.835983157157898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7991579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17955","display_name":"Criticism","level":2,"score":0.7932257652282715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775890777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192568","display_name":"Ethical dilemma","level":2,"score":0.7391862273216248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C553683147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221373","display_name":"Deontological ethics","level":2,"score":0.6801881790161133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777834853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96776939","display_name":"Liability","level":2,"score":0.5758610367774963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.5362723469734192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780625559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5152592","display_name":"Commercialization","level":2,"score":0.4815795421600342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.38286787271499634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.34933891892433167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3422430157661438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3105279803276062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25013262033462524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.21577242016792297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.15768668055534363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.10138505697250366}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s43681-021-00128-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-021-00128-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170699","display_name":"AI and Ethics","issn_l":"2730-5953","issn":["2730-5953","2730-5961"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI and Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5899999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W316935178","https://openalex.org/W2077026923","https://openalex.org/W2466381818","https://openalex.org/W2509085170","https://openalex.org/W2512479688","https://openalex.org/W2555509407","https://openalex.org/W2576845151","https://openalex.org/W2581126224","https://openalex.org/W2588522864","https://openalex.org/W2589593208","https://openalex.org/W2593875122","https://openalex.org/W2613634039","https://openalex.org/W2747537467","https://openalex.org/W2795501046","https://openalex.org/W3118459927"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2360820093","https://openalex.org/W1602199513","https://openalex.org/W2530269857","https://openalex.org/W4255151209","https://openalex.org/W2364886213","https://openalex.org/W4214630282","https://openalex.org/W4214646867","https://openalex.org/W1580283384","https://openalex.org/W2529133354","https://openalex.org/W2401914139"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}