{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313462949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43069-022-00181-5","title":"Modelling the Spread of Tuberculosis in South African Informal Settlements","display_name":"Modelling the Spread of Tuberculosis in South African Informal Settlements","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313462949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43069-022-00181-5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s43069-022-00181-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43069-022-00181-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43069-022-00181-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215153","display_name":"Operations Research Forum","issn_l":"2662-2556","issn":["2662-2556"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Operations Research Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43069-022-00181-5.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074389449","display_name":"Chrystal Bianca Udall","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chrystal Bianca Udall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stellenbosch Unit for Operations Research in Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa","Stellenbosch Unit for Operations Research in Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stellenbosch Unit for Operations Research in Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stellenbosch Unit for Operations Research in Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071667795","display_name":"Christa Searle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0382-4171"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32062511","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mghma93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}],"countries":["GB","ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christa Searle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Logistics and Sustainability, Edinburgh Business School, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK","Stellenbosch Unit for Operations Research in Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa","Stellenbosch Unit for Operations Research in Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa","Centre for Logistics and Sustainability, Edinburgh Business School, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Logistics and Sustainability, Edinburgh Business School, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stellenbosch Unit for Operations Research in Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stellenbosch Unit for Operations Research in Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Logistics and Sustainability, Edinburgh Business School, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071667795"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322","https://openalex.org/I32062511"],"apc_list":{"value":2190,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2780},"apc_paid":{"value":2190,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2780},"fwci":0.2208,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43462633,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9822999835014343,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9822999835014343,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14334","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses","score":0.9556999802589417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis","display_name":"Tuberculosis","score":0.8081321716308594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informal-settlements","display_name":"Informal settlements","score":0.7183252573013306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive","display_name":"Incentive","score":0.7053057551383972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/settlement","display_name":"Settlement (finance)","score":0.6562541127204895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-settlement","display_name":"Human settlement","score":0.5934281945228577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.5787904262542725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.5397447347640991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.495900958776474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communicable-disease","display_name":"Communicable disease","score":0.45235660672187805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-country","display_name":"Developing country","score":0.4407033920288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-health","display_name":"Environmental health","score":0.3873003423213959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.3858789801597595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.38059571385383606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.357449471950531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/development-economics","display_name":"Development economics","score":0.3399215638637543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.3134111762046814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.23976942896842957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health","display_name":"Public health","score":0.18104448914527893}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.8081321716308594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992462627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96382144","display_name":"Informal settlements","level":2,"score":0.7183252573013306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.7053057551383972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777063073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1553237","display_name":"Settlement (finance)","level":3,"score":0.6562541127204895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16678853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486972","display_name":"Human settlement","level":2,"score":0.5934281945228577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5787904262542725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5397447347640991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.495900958776474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018443061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166231","display_name":"Communicable disease","level":3,"score":0.45235660672187805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.4407033920288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.3873003423213959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3858789801597595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.38059571385383606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.357449471950531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.3399215638637543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.3134111762046814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.23976942896842957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.18104448914527893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s43069-022-00181-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43069-022-00181-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43069-022-00181-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215153","display_name":"Operations Research Forum","issn_l":"2662-2556","issn":["2662-2556"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Operations Research Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:spr:snopef:v:4:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1007_s43069-022-00181-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s43069-022-00181-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s43069-022-00181-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43069-022-00181-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43069-022-00181-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215153","display_name":"Operations Research Forum","issn_l":"2662-2556","issn":["2662-2556"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Operations Research Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4313462949.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974493166","https://openalex.org/W2049256850","https://openalex.org/W2056684332","https://openalex.org/W2111280832","https://openalex.org/W2146036952","https://openalex.org/W2164423040","https://openalex.org/W2166942701","https://openalex.org/W2420524627","https://openalex.org/W2617908407","https://openalex.org/W2790038468","https://openalex.org/W2963807403","https://openalex.org/W3009705041","https://openalex.org/W3032716600","https://openalex.org/W3151210556","https://openalex.org/W4254280117"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2020518286","https://openalex.org/W2779408155","https://openalex.org/W3044668410","https://openalex.org/W4308792285","https://openalex.org/W3035556150","https://openalex.org/W2049211263","https://openalex.org/W2564993414","https://openalex.org/W2584273775","https://openalex.org/W4381683550","https://openalex.org/W1508398785"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Due":[1],"to":[2,57,66,82,109,147,237],"the":[3,10,26,37,40,62,70,84,111,114,126,149,195,199,205,224,240],"high":[4],"population":[5,159,188],"density":[6,189],"of":[7,12,31,46,61,72,113,116,145,151,162,198,204,209,221,242],"informal":[8,52,134,212],"settlements,":[9,53],"spread":[11,115,150,196],"communicable":[13],"diseases":[14],"is":[15,55,105,139,185,202,235],"highly":[16],"effective":[17],"in":[18,36,51,68,96,107,118,176,211],"this":[19,101,230],"environment.":[20],"South":[21],"Africa":[22],"has":[23,190],"been":[24],"on":[25,181,194],"World":[27],"Health":[28],"Organization\u2019s":[29],"list":[30],"30":[32],"top":[33],"tuberculosis-burdened":[34],"countries":[35],"world":[38],"for":[39],"last":[41],"two":[42],"decades.":[43],"The":[44,121],"rate":[45,197,241],"individuals":[47],"diseased":[48],"with":[49,223],"tuberculosis":[50,73,88,117,152],"however,":[54],"reported":[56],"be":[58],"double":[59],"that":[60,187,207,218],"country.":[63],"In":[64,100],"order":[65,108],"succeed":[67],"reducing":[69],"number":[71],"cases,":[74],"policy":[75,174],"decision":[76,95],"makers":[77,175],"have":[78,214],"a":[79,97,142,191],"growing":[80],"need":[81],"understand":[83],"risk":[85],"factors":[86],"surrounding":[87],"and":[89,131,165,244],"data":[90],"which":[91],"may":[92,172],"inform":[93],"their":[94],"quantifiable":[98],"manner.":[99],"paper,":[102],"agent-based":[103],"simulation":[104,122],"employed":[106],"facilitate":[110],"understanding":[112],"these":[119],"environments.":[120],"model":[123,138],"developed":[124],"models":[125],"personal":[127],"characteristics,":[128],"daily":[129],"movements":[130],"interactions":[132],"between":[133],"settlement":[135],"residents.":[136],"This":[137,171,201],"able,":[140],"within":[141],"certain":[143,154],"range":[144],"accuracy,":[146],"indicate":[148],"given":[153],"input":[155],"parameters,":[156],"such":[157],"as":[158],"size,":[160],"probability":[161],"treatment":[163],"termination":[164],"percentage":[166],"initially":[167],"infected,":[168],"amongst":[169],"others.":[170],"assist":[173],"making":[177],"informed":[178],"decisions":[179],"based":[180],"quantitative":[182],"targets.":[183],"It":[184],"evident":[186],"great":[192],"impact":[193],"disease.":[200],"supportive":[203],"fact":[206],"90%":[208],"residents":[210],"settlements":[213],"latent":[215],"tuberculosis.":[216],"Given":[217],"only":[219],"68%":[220],"people":[222],"disease":[225],"seek":[226],"treatment,":[227],"by":[228],"increasing":[229],"likelihood":[231],"through":[232],"incentives,":[233],"it":[234],"possible":[236],"drastically":[238],"decrease":[239],"death":[243],"unsuccessful":[245],"treatment.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
