{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417460246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-025-04634-6","title":"Traffic Sign Classification Using Real-Time GPU-Embedded Systems","display_name":"Traffic Sign Classification Using Real-Time GPU-Embedded Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417460246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-025-04634-6"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42979-025-04634-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-025-04634-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174798","display_name":"SN Computer Science","issn_l":"2661-8907","issn":["2661-8907","2662-995X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SN Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065191681","display_name":"Miguel Lopez-Montiel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5367-9801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59361560","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","ror":"https://ror.org/059sp8j34","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59361560"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miguel Lopez-Montiel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, CITEDI-IPN, Av. Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional No. 1310, Nueva Tijuana, 22435, Tijuana, Baja California, M\u00e9xico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5367-9801","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, CITEDI-IPN, Av. Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional No. 1310, Nueva Tijuana, 22435, Tijuana, Baja California, M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59361560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031143671","display_name":"Ulises Orozco-Rosas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9627-0093"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ulises Orozco-Rosas","raw_affiliation_strings":["CETYS Universidad, Av. CETYS Universidad No. 4, Fracc. El Lago, 22210, Tijuana, Baja California, M\u00e9xico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9627-0093","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CETYS Universidad, Av. CETYS Universidad No. 4, Fracc. El Lago, 22210, Tijuana, Baja California, M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032289111","display_name":"Mois\u00e9s S\u00e1nchez-Adame","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1969-077X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59361560","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","ror":"https://ror.org/059sp8j34","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59361560"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mois\u00e9s S\u00e1nchez-Adame","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, CITEDI-IPN, Av. Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional No. 1310, Nueva Tijuana, 22435, Tijuana, Baja California, M\u00e9xico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1969-077X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, CITEDI-IPN, Av. Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional No. 1310, Nueva Tijuana, 22435, Tijuana, Baja California, M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59361560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033991197","display_name":"Oscar Montiel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7060-9204"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59361560","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","ror":"https://ror.org/059sp8j34","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59361560"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oscar Montiel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, CITEDI-IPN, Av. Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional No. 1310, Nueva Tijuana, 22435, Tijuana, Baja California, M\u00e9xico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7060-9204","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, CITEDI-IPN, Av. Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional No. 1310, Nueva Tijuana, 22435, Tijuana, Baja California, M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59361560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027537629","display_name":"Kenia Picos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6203-5389"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenia Picos","raw_affiliation_strings":["CETYS Universidad, Av. CETYS Universidad No. 4, Fracc. El Lago, 22210, Tijuana, Baja California, M\u00e9xico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6203-5389","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CETYS Universidad, Av. CETYS Universidad No. 4, Fracc. El Lago, 22210, Tijuana, Baja California, M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039620285","display_name":"Juan J. Tapia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4214-7540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59361560","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","ror":"https://ror.org/059sp8j34","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59361560"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan J. Tapia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, CITEDI-IPN, Av. Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional No. 1310, Nueva Tijuana, 22435, Tijuana, Baja California, M\u00e9xico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4214-7540","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, CITEDI-IPN, Av. Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional No. 1310, Nueva Tijuana, 22435, Tijuana, Baja California, M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59361560"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031143671"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.36449318,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.8320000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.8320000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.0284000001847744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.02370000071823597,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-sign-recognition","display_name":"Traffic sign recognition","score":0.5346999764442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.5134999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5126000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-rate","display_name":"Frame rate","score":0.4771000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.4537000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.45190000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.42989999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.39430001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.3930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.38580000400543213}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.785099983215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6528762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1574298","display_name":"Traffic sign recognition","level":4,"score":0.5346999764442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.5134999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5126000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.4771000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.4551999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4537999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.4537000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.45190000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42989999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.39430001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.3930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.38580000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.37599998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3684000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.359499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87833898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1060280","display_name":"Advanced driver assistance systems","level":2,"score":0.3366999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3285999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.32839998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.2948000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102392041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q592860","display_name":"Sliding window protocol","level":3,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.2906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.287200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.2800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5339829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1425977","display_name":"Machine vision","level":2,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.2540999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.25189998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.25110000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2221639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2877","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","level":3,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42979-025-04634-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-025-04634-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174798","display_name":"SN Computer Science","issn_l":"2661-8907","issn":["2661-8907","2662-995X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SN Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977610018","https://openalex.org/W2003572185","https://openalex.org/W2067713319","https://openalex.org/W2117876524","https://openalex.org/W2125085157","https://openalex.org/W2126628495","https://openalex.org/W2148308609","https://openalex.org/W2192554814","https://openalex.org/W2412771486","https://openalex.org/W2605173812","https://openalex.org/W2624283384","https://openalex.org/W2798989280","https://openalex.org/W2884561390","https://openalex.org/W2893813411","https://openalex.org/W2936503027","https://openalex.org/W2942180685","https://openalex.org/W2943159229","https://openalex.org/W2962772649","https://openalex.org/W2963690607","https://openalex.org/W2963691377","https://openalex.org/W2963884515","https://openalex.org/W2963980515","https://openalex.org/W2971829447","https://openalex.org/W2982083293","https://openalex.org/W2990253657","https://openalex.org/W2999715961","https://openalex.org/W3004066795","https://openalex.org/W3013211776","https://openalex.org/W3081864556","https://openalex.org/W3095488976","https://openalex.org/W3110382576","https://openalex.org/W3122799380","https://openalex.org/W3164104137","https://openalex.org/W3176417877","https://openalex.org/W3183862858","https://openalex.org/W3185932122","https://openalex.org/W3187567638","https://openalex.org/W4206510012","https://openalex.org/W4220670625","https://openalex.org/W4221043102","https://openalex.org/W4224282468","https://openalex.org/W4224320362","https://openalex.org/W4283524135","https://openalex.org/W4308155352","https://openalex.org/W4312910656","https://openalex.org/W4318777819","https://openalex.org/W4321488259","https://openalex.org/W4365146691"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2025-12-18T00:00:00"}