{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412553841","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-025-04204-w","title":"Employee Attrition Prediction Using Bayesian Optimized Stacked Ensemble Learning and Explainable AI","display_name":"Employee Attrition Prediction Using Bayesian Optimized Stacked Ensemble Learning and Explainable AI","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412553841","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-025-04204-w"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42979-025-04204-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-025-04204-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42979-025-04204-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174798","display_name":"SN Computer Science","issn_l":"2661-8907","issn":["2661-8907","2662-995X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SN Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42979-025-04204-w.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027719630","display_name":"Karabi Konar","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Karabi Konar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Data Science, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research, JIS University, Kolkata, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Data Science, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research, JIS University, Kolkata, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074019305","display_name":"Saptarshi Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8394-5303"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I288749910","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal","ror":"https://ror.org/02rb21j89","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I288749910"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saptarshi Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Data Science, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research, JIS University, Kolkata, India","Department of Data Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Data Science, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research, JIS University, Kolkata, India","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Data Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I288749910"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027599072","display_name":"Samiran Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3814-534X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I288749910","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal","ror":"https://ror.org/02rb21j89","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I288749910"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samiran Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Data Science, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research, JIS University, Kolkata, India","Department of Data Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Data Science, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research, JIS University, Kolkata, India","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Data Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I288749910"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064136287","display_name":"Sanjay Misra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3556-9331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130438513","display_name":"Institute for Energy Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqtg033","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130438513"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanjay Misra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Data Science, Institute for Energy Technology, Halden, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3556-9331","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Data Science, Institute for Energy Technology, Halden, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130438513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027719630"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":25.1642,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99549601,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"6","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13812","display_name":"AI and HR Technologies","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13812","display_name":"AI and HR Technologies","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14260","display_name":"Impact of AI and Big Data on Business and Society","score":0.9150000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9036999940872192,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attrition","display_name":"Attrition","score":0.8868038654327393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.5597525835037231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.5433727502822876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4900032579898834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.47062399983406067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46416762471199036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.06541708111763}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780553607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q684868","display_name":"Attrition","level":2,"score":0.8868038654327393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.5597525835037231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.5433727502822876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4900032579898834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.47062399983406067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46416762471199036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.06541708111763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42979-025-04204-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-025-04204-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42979-025-04204-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174798","display_name":"SN Computer Science","issn_l":"2661-8907","issn":["2661-8907","2662-995X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SN Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42979-025-04204-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-025-04204-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42979-025-04204-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174798","display_name":"SN Computer Science","issn_l":"2661-8907","issn":["2661-8907","2662-995X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SN Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412553841.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412553841.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2805391180","https://openalex.org/W2899319102","https://openalex.org/W3000543607","https://openalex.org/W3009649529","https://openalex.org/W3013863638","https://openalex.org/W3087798270","https://openalex.org/W3108729652","https://openalex.org/W3154670508","https://openalex.org/W3166295544","https://openalex.org/W3172302404","https://openalex.org/W3195627748","https://openalex.org/W4205418362","https://openalex.org/W4225262789","https://openalex.org/W4229482421","https://openalex.org/W4281396470","https://openalex.org/W4282826187","https://openalex.org/W4283460770","https://openalex.org/W4283582075","https://openalex.org/W4285391032","https://openalex.org/W4304014782","https://openalex.org/W4309629366","https://openalex.org/W4310424785","https://openalex.org/W4319592057","https://openalex.org/W4376108342","https://openalex.org/W4387267243","https://openalex.org/W4387345244","https://openalex.org/W4388410434","https://openalex.org/W4390816463","https://openalex.org/W4390957578","https://openalex.org/W4391282775","https://openalex.org/W4391494217","https://openalex.org/W4392562728","https://openalex.org/W4394759815","https://openalex.org/W4394824488","https://openalex.org/W4395661677","https://openalex.org/W4398138776","https://openalex.org/W4398249738","https://openalex.org/W4399036864","https://openalex.org/W4399807824","https://openalex.org/W4400096559","https://openalex.org/W4400334922","https://openalex.org/W4401011076","https://openalex.org/W4401832876","https://openalex.org/W4402486703","https://openalex.org/W4403678699","https://openalex.org/W4404864821","https://openalex.org/W4405827914","https://openalex.org/W4407977240","https://openalex.org/W4409201720","https://openalex.org/W4411008176"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4387369504","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474","https://openalex.org/W4283697347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Employee":[1],"attrition":[2,13,52,86,135],"refers":[3],"to":[4],"the":[5,25,55,59,92,97],"phenomenon":[6],"of":[7,27,58,108,112,117],"employees":[8],"leaving":[9],"an":[10,74,106,115],"organization.":[11],"High":[12],"rates":[14],"can":[15,140],"have":[16,130],"a":[17,35,46,110,131],"profoundly":[18],"adverse":[19],"impact":[20,133],"on":[21,38,134],"organizations,":[22],"resulting":[23],"in":[24],"loss":[26],"talent,":[28],"reduced":[29],"productivity,":[30],"increased":[31],"recruitment":[32],"costs,":[33],"and":[34,41,63,77,100,114,126],"negative":[36],"effect":[37],"employee":[39,51,145],"morale":[40],"confidence.":[42],"This":[43],"paper":[44],"presents":[45],"novel":[47],"model":[48,62,76,104,139],"for":[49],"predicting":[50],"by":[53],"leveraging":[54,78],"synergistic":[56],"combination":[57],"Stacked":[60],"Classifier":[61],"Explainable":[64],"AI":[65],"techniques.":[66],"By":[67],"combining":[68],"diverse":[69],"machine":[70],"learning":[71],"algorithms":[72],"into":[73],"ensemble":[75],"XAI":[79],"methods,":[80],"this":[81],"study":[82],"not":[83],"only":[84],"forecasts":[85],"with":[87],"precision":[88,111],"but":[89],"also":[90],"explains":[91],"underlying":[93],"decision-making":[94],"process,":[95],"making":[96],"predictions":[98],"interpretable":[99],"actionable.":[101],"The":[102,119,137],"proposed":[103,138],"yields":[105],"accuracy":[107],"98.8%,":[109],"98.1%,":[113],"F1-score":[116],"98.5%.":[118],"outcomes":[120],"indicate":[121],"that":[122],"job":[123],"satisfaction,":[124],"salary,":[125],"career":[127],"development":[128],"opportunities":[129],"significant":[132],"rates.":[136],"help":[141],"organizations":[142],"develop":[143],"targeted":[144],"retention":[146],"strategies.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-28T09:10:13.091523","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}