{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394913338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-024-02845-x","title":"Multi-class Classification of Motor Imagery EEG Signals Using Deep Learning Models","display_name":"Multi-class Classification of Motor Imagery EEG Signals Using Deep Learning Models","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394913338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-024-02845-x"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42979-024-02845-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-024-02845-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174798","display_name":"SN Computer Science","issn_l":"2661-8907","issn":["2661-8907","2662-995X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SN Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113739764","display_name":"Rafik Khemakhem","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142899784","display_name":"University of Sfax","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4sd432","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68916915","display_name":"University of Gab\u00e8s","ror":"https://ror.org/022efad20","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68916915"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rafik Khemakhem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Technologies for Medicine and Signals Laboratory \u2018ATMS\u2019, National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia","Higher Institute of Management of Gab\u00e8s, Gab\u00e8s University, Gab\u00e8s, Tunisia","Advanced Technologies for Medicine and Signals Laboratory 'ATMS', National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Technologies for Medicine and Signals Laboratory \u2018ATMS\u2019, National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Higher Institute of Management of Gab\u00e8s, Gab\u00e8s University, Gab\u00e8s, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68916915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Technologies for Medicine and Signals Laboratory 'ATMS', National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049846058","display_name":"Sana Belgacem","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142899784","display_name":"University of Sfax","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4sd432","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sana Belgacem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Technologies for Medicine and Signals Laboratory \u2018ATMS\u2019, National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia","Advanced Technologies for Medicine and Signals Laboratory 'ATMS', National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Technologies for Medicine and Signals Laboratory \u2018ATMS\u2019, National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Technologies for Medicine and Signals Laboratory 'ATMS', National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019600021","display_name":"Amira Echtioui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-1301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142899784","display_name":"University of Sfax","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4sd432","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amira Echtioui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Technologies for Medicine and Signals Laboratory \u2018ATMS\u2019, National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia","Advanced Technologies for Medicine and Signals Laboratory 'ATMS', National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Technologies for Medicine and Signals Laboratory \u2018ATMS\u2019, National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Technologies for Medicine and Signals Laboratory 'ATMS', National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074703787","display_name":"Mohamed Ghorbel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0821-0398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142899784","display_name":"University of Sfax","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4sd432","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Ghorbel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Technologies for Medicine and Signals Laboratory \u2018ATMS\u2019, National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia","Advanced Technologies for Medicine and Signals Laboratory 'ATMS', National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Technologies for Medicine and Signals Laboratory \u2018ATMS\u2019, National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Technologies for Medicine and Signals Laboratory 'ATMS', National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110204317","display_name":"Ahmed Ben Hamida","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153053","display_name":"King Khaled Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/053vynf43","country_code":"SA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153053"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Ben Hamida","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department IS, College of Computer Science, King Khaled University \u2018KKU\u2019, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","Department IS, College of Computer Science, King Khaled University 'KKU', Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department IS, College of Computer Science, King Khaled University \u2018KKU\u2019, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153053"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department IS, College of Computer Science, King Khaled University 'KKU', Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153053"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049093236","display_name":"In\u00e8s Kammoun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3701-8074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165772","display_name":"Hopital Universitaire Habib Bourguiba","ror":"https://ror.org/052g5ww90","country_code":"TN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165772"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ines Kammoun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Functional Exploration Department of Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Functional Exploration Department of Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165772"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113739764"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784","https://openalex.org/I68916915"],"apc_list":{"value":2890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7113,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64865296,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9807000160217285,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9769999980926514,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-imagery","display_name":"Motor imagery","score":0.7154800891876221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.7064695358276367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6112167835235596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5660201907157898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4953130781650543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.45442014932632446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3937009572982788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.37007176876068115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.2149658501148224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.17791980504989624}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54808283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6918191","display_name":"Motor imagery","level":4,"score":0.7154800891876221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.7064695358276367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6112167835235596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5660201907157898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4953130781650543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.45442014932632446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3937009572982788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.37007176876068115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.2149658501148224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.17791980504989624}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42979-024-02845-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-024-02845-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174798","display_name":"SN Computer Science","issn_l":"2661-8907","issn":["2661-8907","2662-995X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SN Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969878365","https://openalex.org/W2128909182","https://openalex.org/W2551178936","https://openalex.org/W2741907166","https://openalex.org/W2891318761","https://openalex.org/W2907080401","https://openalex.org/W2999214889","https://openalex.org/W3009764464","https://openalex.org/W3015898934","https://openalex.org/W3040822952","https://openalex.org/W3085334857","https://openalex.org/W3087088942","https://openalex.org/W3090080743","https://openalex.org/W3112695512","https://openalex.org/W3123949177","https://openalex.org/W3128594480"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2041547723","https://openalex.org/W2951280790","https://openalex.org/W2922348724","https://openalex.org/W200322357","https://openalex.org/W2130428257","https://openalex.org/W4308951944","https://openalex.org/W2573071966","https://openalex.org/W3100645810","https://openalex.org/W2069106223","https://openalex.org/W2057366091"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
