{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414697945","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-026-00389-2","title":"Hybrid quantum-classical generative adversarial networks with transfer learning","display_name":"Hybrid quantum-classical generative adversarial networks with transfer learning","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414697945","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-026-00389-2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42484-026-00389-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-026-00389-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42484-026-00389-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217596","display_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"2524-4906","issn":["2524-4906","2524-4914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42484-026-00389-2.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119793658","display_name":"Asma Al-Othni","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Asma Al-Othni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qatar Center for Quantum Computing, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1248-0403","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar Center for Quantum Computing, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002005849","display_name":"Saif Al\u2010Kuwari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4402-7710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saif Al-Kuwari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qatar Center for Quantum Computing, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4402-7710","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar Center for Quantum Computing, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094176802","display_name":"Mohammad Mahdi Nasiri Fatmehsari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127068","display_name":"Pasargad Institute for Advanced Innovative Solutions","ror":"https://ror.org/033mn5m13","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127068"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Mahdi Nasiri Fatmehsari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pasargad Institute for Advanced Innovative Solutions (PIAIS), Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9112-2298","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pasargad Institute for Advanced Innovative Solutions (PIAIS), Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127068"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113122324","display_name":"Kamila Zaman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118729","display_name":"Al-Khair University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ddekf36","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118729"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamila Zaman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sylerk, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7151-3700","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sylerk, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118729"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067344580","display_name":"Ebrahim Ardeshir Larijani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67009956","display_name":"Iran University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01jw2p796","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ebrahim Ardeshir-Larijani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6432-2437","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5119793658"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01027108,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9460999965667725,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9460999965667725,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.906499981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":0.9014000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.6693000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.6265000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.5861999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.5561000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.484499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.44620001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.4172999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.36910000443458557}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.6693000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.6265000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.5861999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5561000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5522000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.484499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.44620001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4172999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.39340001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.38530001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.36910000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.3684000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.3357999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3111000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124148022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122210","display_name":"Quantum circuit","level":5,"score":0.2540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779094486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18811578","display_name":"Quantum machine learning","level":4,"score":0.25369998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2515000104904175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42484-026-00389-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-026-00389-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42484-026-00389-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217596","display_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"2524-4906","issn":["2524-4906","2524-4914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2507.09706","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.09706","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.09706","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2507.09706","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2507.09706","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42484-026-00389-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-026-00389-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42484-026-00389-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217596","display_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"2524-4906","issn":["2524-4906","2524-4914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319188","display_name":"Hamad Bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414697945.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414697945.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Generative":[1],"Adversarial":[2],"Networks":[3],"(GANs)":[4],"have":[5],"demonstrated":[6],"immense":[7],"potential":[8],"in":[9,78,108,123],"synthesizing":[10],"diverse":[11],"and":[12,29,82,90,174,197],"high-fidelity":[13],"images.":[14],"However,":[15],"critical":[16],"questions":[17],"remain":[18],"unanswered":[19],"regarding":[20],"how":[21],"quantum":[22,106,138,168,194,201],"principles":[23],"might":[24],"best":[25],"enhance":[26],"their":[27,98],"representational":[28],"computational":[30],"capacity.":[31],"In":[32,102],"this":[33],"paper,":[34],"we":[35],"investigate":[36],"hybrid":[37,73],"quantum-classical":[38],"GAN":[39],"architectures":[40],"supplemented":[41],"by":[42],"transfer":[43],"learning":[44],"to":[45,97,112],"systematically":[46],"examine":[47],"whether":[48],"incorporating":[49],"Variational":[50],"Quantum":[51],"Circuits":[52],"(VQCs)":[53],"into":[54,140],"the":[55,57,80,83,105,109,114,124,132,144,149,156,162],"generator,":[56],"discriminator,":[58,84],"or":[59],"both":[60,79,141],"improves":[61,131],"performance":[62,153],"over":[63],"a":[64],"fully":[65,72,99],"classical":[66,100,171],"baseline.":[67],"Our":[68],"findings":[69],"indicate":[70],"that":[71,165],"models,":[74],"which":[75],"incorporate":[76],"VQCs":[77],"generator":[81,110],"produce":[85],"images":[86],"with":[87,170,199],"higher":[88],"quality":[89,135],"achieve":[91],"more":[92],"favorable":[93],"quantitative":[94,134],"metrics":[95],"compared":[96],"counterparts.":[101],"particular,":[103],"placing":[104,121],"block":[107],"appears":[111],"accelerate":[113],"early":[115,127],"emergence":[116],"of":[117],"visual":[118,128],"structure,":[119],"whereas":[120],"it":[122],"discriminator":[125],"slows":[126],"convergence":[129],"but":[130],"final":[133],"metric.":[136],"Incorporating":[137],"blocks":[139],"networks":[142],"yields":[143],"strongest":[145],"overall":[146],"performance.":[147],"Moreover,":[148],"model":[150],"sustains":[151],"comparable":[152],"even":[154],"when":[155],"dataset":[157],"size":[158],"is":[159],"reduced.":[160],"Overall,":[161],"results":[163],"underscore":[164],"carefully":[166],"integrating":[167],"computing":[169],"adversarial":[172],"training":[173],"pretrained":[175],"feature":[176],"extraction":[177],"can":[178],"enrich":[179],"GAN-based":[180],"image":[181],"synthesis.":[182],"These":[183],"insights":[184],"open":[185],"avenues":[186],"for":[187],"future":[188],"work":[189],"on":[190],"higher-resolution":[191],"tasks,":[192],"alternative":[193],"circuit":[195],"designs,":[196],"experimentation":[198],"emerging":[200],"hardware.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-05T07:39:15.569665","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
