{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133312374","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-026-00365-w","title":"Quantum physics-informed neural networks for Maxwell\u2019s equations: circuit design, \u201cblack hole\u201d barren plateaus mitigation, and GPU acceleration","display_name":"Quantum physics-informed neural networks for Maxwell\u2019s equations: circuit design, \u201cblack hole\u201d barren plateaus mitigation, and GPU acceleration","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133312374","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-026-00365-w"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42484-026-00365-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-026-00365-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42484-026-00365-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217596","display_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"2524-4906","issn":["2524-4906","2524-4914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42484-026-00365-w.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127887805","display_name":"Ziv Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ziv Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Helen Diller Quantum Center, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","The Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helen Diller Quantum Center, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119136988","display_name":"Gal G. Shaviner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gal G. Shaviner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114173879","display_name":"Hemanth Chandravamsi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hemanth Chandravamsi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063355163","display_name":"Shimon Pisnoy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6132-4573"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shimon Pisnoy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076401038","display_name":"Steven H. Frankel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven H. Frankel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","Helen Diller Quantum Center, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helen Diller Quantum Center, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124085856","display_name":"Uzi Pereg","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Uzi Pereg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Helen Diller Quantum Center, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","The Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helen Diller Quantum Center, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5127887805"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9262533,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":0.4009000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":0.4009000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11804","display_name":"Quantum many-body systems","score":0.23749999701976776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.15399999916553497,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5703999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.5533999800682068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acceleration","display_name":"Acceleration","score":0.5062999725341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.38449999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.37940001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.3686999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.36629998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.3465999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.3375000059604645}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.579800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5703999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5533999800682068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.5062999725341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.38449999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.37940001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.3686999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3666999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.36629998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3465999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.3375000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113603373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2362761","display_name":"Wave function","level":2,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124148022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122210","display_name":"Quantum circuit","level":5,"score":0.33079999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15184713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269042","display_name":"Quantum dynamics","level":3,"score":0.31349998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155281189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3518150","display_name":"Tensor (intrinsic definition)","level":2,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165021410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55564","display_name":"Lossy compression","level":2,"score":0.3084000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.29980000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909720056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11406","display_name":"Electromagnetics","level":2,"score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206844423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157313","display_name":"Computational electromagnetics","level":3,"score":0.2939000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.289900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.2784999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.274399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.26159998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93226319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193137","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","level":2,"score":0.258899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93779851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271977","display_name":"Partial differential equation","level":2,"score":0.250900000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5297727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786970","display_name":"Autocorrelation","level":2,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42484-026-00365-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-026-00365-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42484-026-00365-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217596","display_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"2524-4906","issn":["2524-4906","2524-4914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42484-026-00365-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-026-00365-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42484-026-00365-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217596","display_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"2524-4906","issn":["2524-4906","2524-4914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.45551374554634094}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7133312374.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2159544977","https://openalex.org/W2794444783","https://openalex.org/W2899283552","https://openalex.org/W2945680873","https://openalex.org/W2954939433","https://openalex.org/W2993158195","https://openalex.org/W3010839048","https://openalex.org/W3043516796","https://openalex.org/W3047333663","https://openalex.org/W3075559820","https://openalex.org/W3116268267","https://openalex.org/W3136233239","https://openalex.org/W3137392741","https://openalex.org/W4205142804","https://openalex.org/W4225995462","https://openalex.org/W4226244456","https://openalex.org/W4283710061","https://openalex.org/W4391418547","https://openalex.org/W4391629689","https://openalex.org/W4392935170","https://openalex.org/W4395481408","https://openalex.org/W4399601245","https://openalex.org/W4399881760","https://openalex.org/W4401108082","https://openalex.org/W4404469418","https://openalex.org/W4408339746","https://openalex.org/W4408847956","https://openalex.org/W4414158661","https://openalex.org/W4415796811","https://openalex.org/W4417213539","https://openalex.org/W7123338795"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Physics-Informed":[1,37],"Neural":[2,38],"Networks":[3],"(PINNs)":[4],"have":[5,173],"emerged":[6],"as":[7],"a":[8,28,35,54,72,153,196,236,272,283],"promising":[9],"approach":[10,52],"for":[11,87,251],"solving":[12],"partial":[13],"differential":[14],"equations":[15],"(PDEs)":[16],"by":[17,102],"embedding":[18,264],"the":[19,23,62,113,132,180,190,214,220,224,227,252,260],"governing":[20],"physics":[21],"into":[22],"loss":[24,148,215,249],"function":[25],"associated":[26],"with":[27,61],"deep":[29],"neural":[30,64],"network.":[31],"In":[32],"this":[33],"work,":[34],"Quantum":[36,90],"Network":[39],"(QPINN)":[40],"framework":[41],"is":[42],"proposed":[43],"to":[44,95,160,213,271,282],"solve":[45],"two-dimensional":[46],"(2D)":[47],"time-dependent":[48],"Maxwell\u2019s":[49],"equations.":[50],"Our":[51,176],"utilizes":[53],"parametrized":[55],"quantum":[56,80,140,253],"circuit":[57,98,141],"(PQC)":[58],"in":[59,89,127,152,226,255],"conjunction":[60],"classical":[63,191,284],"network":[65],"architecture":[66],"and":[67,100,131,145,169,186,218,263],"enforces":[68],"physical":[69,221],"laws,":[70],"including":[71,164],"global":[73],"energy":[74,210],"conservation":[75,211],"principle,":[76],"during":[77],"training.":[78],"A":[79],"simulation":[81],"library,":[82],"TorQ":[83],"-":[84,245],"Tensor":[85],"Operations":[86],"Research":[88],"systems":[91],",":[92],"was":[93,117],"developed":[94],"efficiently":[96],"compute":[97],"outputs":[99],"derivatives":[101],"leveraging":[103],"GPU":[104],"acceleration":[105],"based":[106],"on":[107,119,276],"PyTorch,":[108],"enabling":[109],"end-to-end":[110],"training":[111,217],"of":[112,200,223,239],"QPINN.":[114],"The":[115],"method":[116],"evaluated":[118],"two":[120],"2D":[121,277],"electromagnetic":[122],"wave":[123],"propagation":[124],"problems:":[125],"one":[126],"free":[128],"space":[129],"(vacuum)":[130],"other":[133],"has":[134],"an":[135,146,209],"added":[136,147,232],"dielectric":[137],"medium.":[138],"Multiple":[139],"ans\u00e4tze,":[142],"input":[143],"scales,":[144],"term":[149,212,233],"were":[150],"compared":[151,281],"thorough":[154],"ablation":[155],"study.":[156],"Furthermore,":[157],"recent":[158],"techniques":[159],"enhance":[161],"PINN":[162,192],"convergence,":[163],"random":[165],"Fourier":[166],"feature":[167],"embeddings":[168],"adaptive":[170],"time":[171],"weighting,":[172],"been":[174],"incorporated.":[175],"results":[177],"demonstrate":[178],"that":[179,207,256],"QPINN":[181,268],"achieves":[182,269],"accuracy":[183,275],"comparable":[184],"to,":[185],"even":[187],"greater":[188],"than,":[189],"baseline,":[193],"while":[194],"using":[195],"significantly":[197],"smaller":[198],"number":[199],"trainable":[201],"parameters.":[202],"This":[203,231],"study":[204],"also":[205],"demonstrates":[206],"adding":[208],"stabilizes":[216],"improves":[219],"fidelity":[222],"solution":[225],"lossless":[228],"free-space":[229],"case.":[230],"helps":[234],"mitigate":[235],"new":[237],"kind":[238],"barren":[240],"plateau":[241],"(BP)":[242],"related":[243],"phenomenon":[244],"\u201cblack":[246],"hole\u201d":[247],"(BH)":[248],"landscape":[250],"experiments":[254],"scenario.":[257],"By":[258],"optimizing":[259],"quantum-circuit":[261],"ansatz":[262],"energy-conservation":[265],"constraints,":[266],"our":[267],"up":[270],"$$19\\%$$":[273],"higher":[274],"Maxwell":[278],"benchmark":[279],"problems":[280],"PINN.":[285]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-05T07:30:30.508283","created_date":"2026-03-04T00:00:00"}
