{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409309348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-025-00279-z","title":"LHQNN: sequential and non-sequential layered hybrid quantum neural networks for image classification","display_name":"LHQNN: sequential and non-sequential layered hybrid quantum neural networks for image classification","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409309348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-025-00279-z"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42484-025-00279-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-025-00279-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42484-025-00279-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217596","display_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"2524-4906","issn":["2524-4906","2524-4914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42484-025-00279-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002752131","display_name":"Monika Kabir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5183-7036"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176790772","display_name":"Murdoch University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r4sry34","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Monika Kabir","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Perth, 6150, WA, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Perth, 6150, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067895231","display_name":"Mohammed Kaosar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1101-3264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176790772","display_name":"Murdoch University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r4sry34","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Kaosar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Perth, 6150, WA, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Perth, 6150, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002077138","display_name":"Hamid Laga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4758-7510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176790772","display_name":"Murdoch University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r4sry34","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Laga","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Perth, 6150, WA, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Perth, 6150, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002219416","display_name":"Ferdous Sohel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1557-4907"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176790772","display_name":"Murdoch University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r4sry34","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ferdous Sohel","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Perth, 6150, WA, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Perth, 6150, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002219416"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"fwci":8.8511,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97323855,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13182","display_name":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5906219482421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5419058203697205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5302854180335999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.5106421113014221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5047696828842163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.47542956471443176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11174169182777405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.049606114625930786}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5906219482421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5419058203697205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5302854180335999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5106421113014221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5047696828842163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.47542956471443176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11174169182777405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.049606114625930786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42484-025-00279-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-025-00279-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42484-025-00279-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217596","display_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"2524-4906","issn":["2524-4906","2524-4914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42484-025-00279-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-025-00279-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42484-025-00279-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217596","display_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"2524-4906","issn":["2524-4906","2524-4914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320989","display_name":"Murdoch University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r4sry34"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409309348.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409309348.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W566766357","https://openalex.org/W1988369744","https://openalex.org/W2007339694","https://openalex.org/W2103956991","https://openalex.org/W2234450295","https://openalex.org/W2559394418","https://openalex.org/W2781738013","https://openalex.org/W2796293949","https://openalex.org/W2888774813","https://openalex.org/W2896712926","https://openalex.org/W2995742898","https://openalex.org/W3007475506","https://openalex.org/W3037607219","https://openalex.org/W3098400458","https://openalex.org/W3098768946","https://openalex.org/W3100931082","https://openalex.org/W3105380624","https://openalex.org/W4220710689","https://openalex.org/W4287250207","https://openalex.org/W4289684174","https://openalex.org/W4323044453","https://openalex.org/W4387117982","https://openalex.org/W4387187604","https://openalex.org/W4387423731","https://openalex.org/W4390614711","https://openalex.org/W4391951331","https://openalex.org/W4396863213","https://openalex.org/W4396867270","https://openalex.org/W4403714051","https://openalex.org/W4404162545","https://openalex.org/W6610335769"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2391251536","https://openalex.org/W2362198218","https://openalex.org/W2019521278","https://openalex.org/W1984922432","https://openalex.org/W2375008505","https://openalex.org/W1982750869","https://openalex.org/W2085756966","https://openalex.org/W2350679292","https://openalex.org/W2033914206","https://openalex.org/W2042327336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Quantum":[1],"neural":[2,67,154],"networks":[3,68,155],"have":[4,27],"emerged":[5],"as":[6,56],"a":[7],"promising":[8],"approach":[9],"to":[10,30,86],"solving":[11],"complex":[12],"problems":[13],"across":[14],"various":[15],"domains,":[16],"especially":[17],"when":[18],"integrated":[19],"with":[20,69,148],"classical":[21],"methods.":[22],"Several":[23],"hybrid":[24,65,145],"quantum-classical":[25],"architectures":[26],"been":[28],"developed":[29],"leverage":[31],"the":[32,44,101,108,112,119],"potential":[33],"of":[34,43,115],"quantum":[35,45,53,66,71,102,172],"advantages":[36],"for":[37,76,138,170],"image":[38,139],"classification":[39,140],"tasks.":[40,141],"The":[41,127],"design":[42],"layer":[46],"plays":[47],"an":[48],"important":[49],"role":[50],"in":[51,100,175],"exploiting":[52],"properties":[54],"such":[55],"superposition":[57],"and":[58,83,89,124,158],"entanglement.":[59],"In":[60],"this":[61],"research,":[62],"we":[63],"propose":[64],"multiple":[70,98],"layers,":[72],"utilizing":[73],"sequential":[74,146],"circuits":[75,85],"enhanced":[77],"feature":[78],"representation":[79],"through":[80],"structured":[81],"depth,":[82],"non-sequential":[84],"reduce":[87],"complexity":[88],"improve":[90],"performance.":[91],"Our":[92],"experimental":[93],"results":[94,109,128],"demonstrate":[95],"that":[96,111,131],"stacking":[97],"layers":[99],"circuit":[103],"enhances":[104],"performance":[105],"significantly.":[106],"Furthermore,":[107],"indicate":[110],"optimal":[113],"range":[114],"6\u201310":[116],"qubits":[117],"achieves":[118],"best":[120],"trade-off":[121],"between":[122],"accuracy":[123],"computational":[125],"efficiency.":[126],"also":[129],"show":[130],"amplitude":[132,149],"embedding":[133,137,150],"consistently":[134],"outperformed":[135],"angle":[136],"Notably,":[142],"our":[143],"proposed":[144],"model":[147],"outperforms":[151],"traditional":[152],"convolutional":[153],"on":[156],"MNIST":[157],"Fashion-MNIST":[159],"datasets,":[160],"while":[161],"requiring":[162],"fewer":[163],"parameters.":[164],"These":[165],"findings":[166],"provide":[167],"valuable":[168],"insights":[169],"advancing":[171],"machine":[173],"learning":[174],"real-world":[176],"applications.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}