{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4395031676","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-024-00155-2","title":"A quantum k-nearest neighbors algorithm based on the Euclidean distance estimation","display_name":"A quantum k-nearest neighbors algorithm based on the Euclidean distance estimation","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4395031676","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-024-00155-2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42484-024-00155-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-024-00155-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217596","display_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"2524-4906","issn":["2524-4906","2524-4914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-024-00155-2","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087685624","display_name":"Enrico Zardini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7475-7183"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Enrico Zardini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, Povo, 38123, Trento, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7475-7183","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, Povo, 38123, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020235155","display_name":"Enrico Blanzieri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6524-0601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093299","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics And Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/00nhs3j29","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I193223587","https://openalex.org/I4210093299"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enrico Blanzieri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, Povo, 38123, Trento, Italy","Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications, via Sommarive 14, Povo, 38123, Trento, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6524-0601","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, Povo, 38123, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications, via Sommarive 14, Povo, 38123, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093299"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042565578","display_name":"Davide Pastorello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5915-6796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093299","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics And Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/00nhs3j29","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I193223587","https://openalex.org/I4210093299"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Pastorello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Alma Mater Studiorum - Universit\u00e1 di Bologna, Piazza di Porta San Donato 5, Bologna, 40126, Italy","Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications, via Sommarive 14, Povo, 38123, Trento, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5915-6796","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Alma Mater Studiorum - Universit\u00e1 di Bologna, Piazza di Porta San Donato 5, Bologna, 40126, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications, via Sommarive 14, Povo, 38123, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093299"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087685624"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":10.07,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98492443,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13182","display_name":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","score":0.974399983882904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/euclidean-distance","display_name":"Euclidean distance","score":0.7168235182762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-nearest-neighbors-algorithm","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","score":0.6254521608352661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5885298252105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/euclidean-geometry","display_name":"Euclidean geometry","score":0.47006234526634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4230068624019623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nearest-neighbor-chain-algorithm","display_name":"Nearest-neighbor chain algorithm","score":0.42127490043640137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3813336491584778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.27689826488494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.09633007645606995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120174047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847073","display_name":"Euclidean distance","level":2,"score":0.7168235182762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113238511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071612","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6254521608352661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5885298252105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129782007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162886","display_name":"Euclidean geometry","level":2,"score":0.47006234526634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4230068624019623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102164700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17162702","display_name":"Nearest-neighbor chain algorithm","level":5,"score":0.42127490043640137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3813336491584778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27689826488494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.09633007645606995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94641424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172845","display_name":"Correlation clustering","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104047586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033439","display_name":"Canopy clustering algorithm","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42484-024-00155-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-024-00155-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217596","display_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"2524-4906","issn":["2524-4906","2524-4914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unitn.it:11572/408151","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11572/408151","pdf_url":"https://iris.unitn.it/bitstream/11572/408151/1/s42484-024-00155-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401913","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trento)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","host_organization_name":"University of Trento","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/968447","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11585/968447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oar:qnzb7-9zt64","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2657839","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402478","display_name":"INFM-OAR (INFN Catania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210116497","host_organization_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence, 6(2024), 1, 23, (2024-04-23)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42484-024-00155-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42484-024-00155-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217596","display_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"2524-4906","issn":["2524-4906","2524-4914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3006576871","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018-2022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317295","funder_display_name":"Dipartimenti di Eccellenza"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5329322851","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"232/2016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317295","funder_display_name":"Dipartimenti di Eccellenza"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317295","display_name":"Dipartimenti di Eccellenza","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322275","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W199424061","https://openalex.org/W1485920032","https://openalex.org/W1757184362","https://openalex.org/W2020018978","https://openalex.org/W2051446825","https://openalex.org/W2070855716","https://openalex.org/W2074466695","https://openalex.org/W2084652510","https://openalex.org/W2103956991","https://openalex.org/W2109741106","https://openalex.org/W2120379285","https://openalex.org/W2121981260","https://openalex.org/W2220414802","https://openalex.org/W2487730493","https://openalex.org/W2495424399","https://openalex.org/W2559394418","https://openalex.org/W2749353276","https://openalex.org/W2751668559","https://openalex.org/W2782524587","https://openalex.org/W2805870658","https://openalex.org/W2806391486","https://openalex.org/W2887925010","https://openalex.org/W2922301499","https://openalex.org/W2943027572","https://openalex.org/W2951663210","https://openalex.org/W2955422195","https://openalex.org/W3037687232","https://openalex.org/W3046879152","https://openalex.org/W3081324583","https://openalex.org/W3098965398","https://openalex.org/W3113887578","https://openalex.org/W3132743969","https://openalex.org/W3134651921","https://openalex.org/W3135279508","https://openalex.org/W3137101227","https://openalex.org/W3173713405","https://openalex.org/W4223544695","https://openalex.org/W4252684946","https://openalex.org/W4256561644","https://openalex.org/W4306973586","https://openalex.org/W4313891078","https://openalex.org/W4388625678","https://openalex.org/W6848475763","https://openalex.org/W6920962637","https://openalex.org/W6931031300","https://openalex.org/W6977121794"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2519241726","https://openalex.org/W2375128115","https://openalex.org/W2990663423","https://openalex.org/W2362413895","https://openalex.org/W2368415703","https://openalex.org/W2090152127","https://openalex.org/W2391642054","https://openalex.org/W2797906284","https://openalex.org/W2097149198","https://openalex.org/W2023878529"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"k":[2,6,67],"-nearest":[3],"neighbors":[4],"(":[5],"-NN)":[7],"is":[8,37,75,80,121,147],"a":[9,64,83,87,93,115,134],"basic":[10],"machine":[11],"learning":[12],"(ML)":[13],"algorithm,":[14],"and":[15,92,111,162],"several":[16],"quantum":[17,59,66,84,95],"versions":[18],"of":[19,39,57,90,131,139,145,165,173],"it,":[20],"employing":[21],"different":[22],"distance":[23,36,44,74],"metrics,":[24],"have":[25,127],"been":[26],"presented":[27],"in":[28,46,54,136,158],"the":[29,34,40,55,72,78,108,125,129,132,137,140,143,149,159,163,167,171],"last":[30],"few":[31],"years.":[32],"Although":[33],"Euclidean":[35,73],"one":[38],"most":[41],"widely":[42],"used":[43],"metrics":[45],"ML,":[47],"it":[48],"has":[49],"not":[50,97],"received":[51],"much":[52],"consideration":[53],"development":[56],"these":[58],"variants.":[60],"In":[61,105,123],"this":[62],"article,":[63],"novel":[65],"-NN":[68],"algorithm":[69,79,141],"based":[70],"on":[71],"introduced.":[76],"Specifically,":[77],"characterized":[81],"by":[82,169],"encoding":[85],"requiring":[86],"low":[88],"number":[89,144,172],"qubits":[91],"simple":[94],"circuit":[96],"involving":[98],"oracles,":[99],"aspects":[100],"that":[101],"favor":[102],"its":[103],"realization.":[104],"addition":[106],"to":[107,153],"mathematical":[109],"formulation":[110],"some":[112,154],"complexity":[113],"observations,":[114],"detailed":[116],"empirical":[117],"evaluation":[118],"with":[119,151],"simulations":[120],"presented.":[122],"particular,":[124],"results":[126],"shown":[128],"correctness":[130],"formulation,":[133],"drop":[135],"performance":[138,168],"when":[142],"measurements":[146],"limited,":[148],"competitiveness":[150],"respect":[152],"classical":[155],"baseline":[156],"methods":[157],"ideal":[160],"case,":[161],"possibility":[164],"improving":[166],"increasing":[170],"measurements.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}