{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415189552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42001-026-00481-4","title":"Simulation of language evolution under regulated social media platforms: a synergistic approach of large language models and genetic algorithms","display_name":"Simulation of language evolution under regulated social media platforms: a synergistic approach of large language models and genetic algorithms","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415189552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42001-026-00481-4"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42001-026-00481-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42001-026-00481-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42001-026-00481-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210196583","display_name":"Journal of Computational Social Science","issn_l":"2432-2717","issn":["2432-2717","2432-2725"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computational Social Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42001-026-00481-4.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102714318","display_name":"Jinyu Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9715-8143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinyu Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9715-8143","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100405280","display_name":"Mingyue Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2293-8847"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142108993","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mingyue Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southwest University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100030287","display_name":"Yusei Ishimizu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4400009020","display_name":"Institute of Science Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/05dqf9946","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4400009020"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yusei Ishimizu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4400009020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103169670","display_name":"Munan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7740-1791"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Munan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100708111","display_name":"Jialong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7816-0002"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jialong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045332896","display_name":"Kenji Tei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-1709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4400009020","display_name":"Institute of Science Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/05dqf9946","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4400009020"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kenji Tei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4400009020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045332896","https://openalex.org/A5100030287","https://openalex.org/A5100405280","https://openalex.org/A5100708111","https://openalex.org/A5102714318","https://openalex.org/A5103169670"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993","https://openalex.org/I150744194","https://openalex.org/I43313876","https://openalex.org/I4400009020"],"apc_list":{"value":2890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2890},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00097631,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12090","display_name":"Language and cultural evolution","score":0.8865000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12090","display_name":"Language and cultural evolution","score":0.8865000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.8687999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.7904999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.6147000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.5390999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.5214999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptability","display_name":"Adaptability","score":0.5087000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evasion","display_name":"Evasion (ethics)","score":0.4945000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crossover","display_name":"Crossover","score":0.4065999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.3935000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modeling-language","display_name":"Modeling language","score":0.36469998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.36070001125335693}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7430999875068665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.6147000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.5390999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.5214999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.5087000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781251061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416089","display_name":"Evasion (ethics)","level":3,"score":0.4945000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41339999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122507166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628906","display_name":"Crossover","level":2,"score":0.4065999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.3935000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179603123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941921","display_name":"Modeling language","level":3,"score":0.36469998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.36070001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779313563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17072565","display_name":"On Language","level":2,"score":0.3578000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3560999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984703881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2313085","display_name":"Language evolution","level":2,"score":0.35420000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.34439998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.3375999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41661131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220764","display_name":"Interrupt","level":3,"score":0.3224000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.29829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2913999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.29100000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83479923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2063748","display_name":"Universal Networking Language","level":4,"score":0.289000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.27090001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781039887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1391724","display_name":"Factor (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.2621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94922259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33215","display_name":"Constructed language","level":2,"score":0.25940001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779038801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q247592","display_name":"Language-game","level":2,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776187449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513879","display_name":"Natural language generation","level":3,"score":0.2547000050544739}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42001-026-00481-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42001-026-00481-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42001-026-00481-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210196583","display_name":"Journal of Computational Social Science","issn_l":"2432-2717","issn":["2432-2717","2432-2725"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computational Social Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2502.19193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.19193","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2502.19193","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2502.19193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2502.19193","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42001-026-00481-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42001-026-00481-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42001-026-00481-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210196583","display_name":"Journal of Computational Social Science","issn_l":"2432-2717","issn":["2432-2717","2432-2725"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computational Social Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1699881565","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JPMJSP2128","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334789","funder_display_name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1916751309","display_name":"\u60f3\u5b9a\u306b\u6f0f\u308c\u305f\u74b0\u5883\u5909\u5316\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u6700\u5927\u9650\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3059\u308b\u5b9f\u884c\u6642\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30e0\u30ef\u30fc\u30af","funder_award_id":"23K28064","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2025303413","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"23K28064,25K15290","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320212","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2256173322","display_name":"\u4eba\u9593\u3068\u81ea\u5f8b\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u5354\u8abf\u4f5c\u696d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u4f5c\u696d\u914d\u5206\u3068\u4f5c\u696d\u652f\u63f4\u306e\u63a8\u8ad6\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30e0\u30ef\u30fc\u30af","funder_award_id":"25K15290","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8856149045","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JPMJSP2128","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320212","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London","ror":"https://ror.org/02m7axw05"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323711","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334789","display_name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/00097mb19"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415189552.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415189552.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Social":[1],"media":[2,50],"platforms":[3],"frequently":[4],"impose":[5],"restrictive":[6],"policies":[7],"to":[8,32,84,179],"moderate":[9],"user":[10,152],"content,":[11],"prompting":[12],"the":[13,34,96,129,136,143,158,162,171,174],"emergence":[14],"of":[15,37,78,101,131,138,145,161,173],"creative":[16],"evasion":[17],"language":[18,38,55,79,102],"strategies.":[19,103,166],"This":[20],"paper":[21],"presents":[22],"a":[23,69,75,117,151],"multi-agent":[24],"framework":[25,105],"based":[26],"on":[27],"Large":[28],"Language":[29],"Models":[30],"(LLMs)":[31],"simulate":[33],"iterative":[35],"evolution":[36],"strategies":[39,80],"under":[40],"regulatory":[41],"constraints.":[42],"In":[43],"this":[44],"framework,":[45],"participant":[46],"agents,":[47],"as":[48,128],"social":[49],"users,":[51],"continuously":[52],"evolve":[53],"their":[54],"expression,":[56],"while":[57],"supervisory":[58],"agents":[59],"emulate":[60],"platform-level":[61],"regulation":[62],"by":[63],"assessing":[64],"policy":[65],"violations.":[66],"To":[67],"achieve":[68],"more":[70],"faithful":[71],"simulation,":[72],"we":[73],"employ":[74],"dual":[76],"design":[77],"(constraint":[81],"and":[82,88,99,116,142,165,182],"expression)":[83],"differentiate":[85],"conflicting":[86],"goals":[87],"utilize":[89],"an":[90,112],"LLM-driven":[91],"GA":[92],"(Genetic":[93],"Algorithm)":[94],"for":[95],"selection,":[97],"mutation,":[98],"crossover":[100],"The":[104],"is":[106],"evaluated":[107],"using":[108],"two":[109],"distinct":[110],"scenarios:":[111],"abstract":[113],"password":[114],"game":[115],"realistic":[118],"simulated":[119],"illicit":[120],"pet":[121],"trade":[122],"scenario.":[123],"Experimental":[124],"results":[125],"demonstrate":[126],"that":[127],"number":[130,137],"dialogue":[132,140],"rounds":[133],"increases,":[134],"both":[135],"uninterrupted":[139],"turns":[141],"accuracy":[144],"information":[146],"transmission":[147],"improve":[148],"significantly.":[149],"Furthermore,":[150],"study":[153],"with":[154],"40":[155],"participants":[156],"validates":[157],"real-world":[159],"relevance":[160],"generated":[163],"dialogues":[164],"Moreover,":[167],"ablation":[168],"studies":[169],"validate":[170],"importance":[172],"GA,":[175],"emphasizing":[176],"its":[177],"contribution":[178],"long-term":[180],"adaptability":[181],"improved":[183],"overall":[184],"results.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-15T00:00:00"}
