{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2939653360","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41781-019-0027-2","title":"FPGA-Accelerated Machine Learning Inference as a Service for Particle Physics Computing","display_name":"FPGA-Accelerated Machine Learning Inference as a Service for Particle Physics Computing","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2939653360","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41781-019-0027-2","mag":"2939653360"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41781-019-0027-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41781-019-0027-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41781-019-0027-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210229695","display_name":"Computing and Software for Big Science","issn_l":"2510-2036","issn":["2510-2036","2510-2044"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing and Software for Big Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41781-019-0027-2.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100747243","display_name":"J. Duarte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5076-7096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314696892","display_name":"Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/020hgte69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314696892","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210114836"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Javier Duarte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314696892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039198154","display_name":"Philip Harris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8189-3741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip Harris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003894282","display_name":"Scott Hauck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9516-0311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott Hauck","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012408300","display_name":"B. Holzman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5235-6314"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314696892","display_name":"Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/020hgte69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314696892","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210114836"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Burt Holzman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314696892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105676474","display_name":"S.\u2010C. Hsu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6214-8500"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shih-Chieh Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037583851","display_name":"S. Jindariani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314696892","display_name":"Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/020hgte69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314696892","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210114836"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergo Jindariani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314696892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103750352","display_name":"Suffian Khan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suffian Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft, Redmond, WA, 98052, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft, Redmond, WA, 98052, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107842510","display_name":"B. Kreis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314696892","display_name":"Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/020hgte69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314696892","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210114836"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Kreis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314696892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083397242","display_name":"Brian Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8562-7863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft, Redmond, WA, 98052, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft, Redmond, WA, 98052, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053687303","display_name":"Mia Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314696892","display_name":"Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/020hgte69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314696892","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210114836"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mia Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314696892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039731897","display_name":"Vladimir Lon\u010dar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3651-0232"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4068193","display_name":"University of Belgrade","ror":"https://ror.org/02qsmb048","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4068193"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149559","display_name":"Institute of Physics Belgrade","ror":"https://ror.org/04h3h5b09","country_code":"RS","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4068193","https://openalex.org/I4210149559"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","display_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01ggx4157","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]}],"countries":["CH","RS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vladimir Lon\u010dar","raw_affiliation_strings":["CERN, CH-1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland","Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CERN, CH-1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149559","https://openalex.org/I4068193"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102821224","display_name":"J. Ngadiuba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0055-2935"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","display_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01ggx4157","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Ngadiuba","raw_affiliation_strings":["CERN, CH-1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CERN, CH-1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108043839","display_name":"K. Pedro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2260-9151"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314696892","display_name":"Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/020hgte69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314696892","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210114836"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Pedro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314696892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018299211","display_name":"Brandon Perez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brandon Perez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft, Redmond, WA, 98052, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft, Redmond, WA, 98052, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106315352","display_name":"M. Pierini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1939-4268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","display_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01ggx4157","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maurizio Pierini","raw_affiliation_strings":["CERN, CH-1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CERN, CH-1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061123351","display_name":"Dylan Rankin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8411-9620"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dylan Rankin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100633147","display_name":"Nhan Viet Tran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8440-6854"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314696892","display_name":"Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/020hgte69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314696892","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210114836"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nhan Tran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8440-6854","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314696892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025606582","display_name":"Matthew Trahms","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Trahms","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006493183","display_name":"Aristeidis Tsaris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7734-3349"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314696892","display_name":"Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/020hgte69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314696892","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210114836"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aristeidis Tsaris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314696892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019899728","display_name":"Colin Versteeg","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Colin Versteeg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft, Redmond, WA, 98052, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft, Redmond, WA, 98052, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022654685","display_name":"Ted W. Way","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ted W. Way","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft, Redmond, WA, 98052, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft, Redmond, WA, 98052, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011289897","display_name":"Dustin Werran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dustin Werran","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101412365","display_name":"Z. Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2165-9501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenbin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":23,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100747243"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314696892"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3280},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.4477,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98461538,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10048","display_name":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10048","display_name":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11044","display_name":"Particle Detector Development and Performance","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13650","display_name":"Computational Physics and Python Applications","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.7292935252189636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.7095556259155273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5509242415428162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle","display_name":"Particle (ecology)","score":0.4997570514678955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3319883942604065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.2373456060886383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.07437586784362793}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.7292935252189636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.7095556259155273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5509242415428162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778517922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140482","display_name":"Particle (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.4997570514678955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3319883942604065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.2373456060886383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.07437586784362793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41781-019-0027-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41781-019-0027-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41781-019-0027-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210229695","display_name":"Computing and Software for Big Science","issn_l":"2510-2036","issn":["2510-2036","2510-2044"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing and Software for Big Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1904.08986","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1904.08986","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1904.08986","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cds.cern.ch:2695229","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://cds.cern.ch/record/2695229","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402195","display_name":"CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1565955","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1565955","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41781-019-0027-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41781-019-0027-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41781-019-0027-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210229695","display_name":"Computing and Software for Big Science","issn_l":"2510-2036","issn":["2510-2036","2510-2044"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing and Software for Big Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2445786185","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"772369","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5178502699","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1836650","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7842005466","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon 2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8111707294","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. de-sc0015971","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","funder_display_name":"Office of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8345361642","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-SC0015971","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8793210043","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"115164","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309369","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309398","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309480","display_name":"Nvidia","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309636","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/03grvy078"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321079","display_name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh1ke95"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/03swz6y49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323204","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Goi\u00e1s","ror":"https://ror.org/00w8cq239"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","display_name":"Office of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00mmn6b08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334473","display_name":"Quest for Intelligence, Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337511","display_name":"High Energy Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/035m6g344"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338284","display_name":"Argonne National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gvnxz63"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338288","display_name":"Fermilab","ror":"https://ror.org/020hgte69"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2939653360.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2939653360.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W643803686","https://openalex.org/W1492903413","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1665214252","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1858542512","https://openalex.org/W1975846771","https://openalex.org/W1987435915","https://openalex.org/W2100507804","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2125102738","https://openalex.org/W2131070921","https://openalex.org/W2144267149","https://openalex.org/W2165037242","https://openalex.org/W2167727518","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2212901559","https://openalex.org/W2339008828","https://openalex.org/W2403085736","https://openalex.org/W2542189141","https://openalex.org/W2549491455","https://openalex.org/W2596851222","https://openalex.org/W2614083378","https://openalex.org/W2743374906","https://openalex.org/W2765877886","https://openalex.org/W2766772191","https://openalex.org/W2787586057","https://openalex.org/W2798084934","https://openalex.org/W2837143805","https://openalex.org/W2883445762","https://openalex.org/W2901171781","https://openalex.org/W2915621743","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W3026550771","https://openalex.org/W3098894383","https://openalex.org/W3100820659","https://openalex.org/W3101493857","https://openalex.org/W3101617500","https://openalex.org/W3104690326","https://openalex.org/W3105195264","https://openalex.org/W3105794216","https://openalex.org/W3106166086","https://openalex.org/W3121614399","https://openalex.org/W3122543598","https://openalex.org/W4239385313","https://openalex.org/W4245844998","https://openalex.org/W4252207317","https://openalex.org/W4306361907","https://openalex.org/W6606298547"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2111241003","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2355315220","https://openalex.org/W4200391368","https://openalex.org/W2210979487"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T08:41:31.759640","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
