{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412913067","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41666-025-00203-x","title":"Clinical Assessment of Fine-Tuned Open-Source LLMs in Cardiology: From Progress Notes to Discharge Summary","display_name":"Clinical Assessment of Fine-Tuned Open-Source LLMs in Cardiology: From Progress Notes to Discharge Summary","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412913067","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41666-025-00203-x","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41230246"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41666-025-00203-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41666-025-00203-x","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41666-025-00203-x.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210196546","display_name":"Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research","issn_l":"2509-4971","issn":["2509-4971","2509-498X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41666-025-00203-x.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075040923","display_name":"HyoJe Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2552-6527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801680663","display_name":"Asan Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03s5q0090","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I4210167194"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"HyoJe Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043997609","display_name":"Yunha Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6713-1900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801680663","display_name":"Asan Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03s5q0090","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I4210167194"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunha Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Division of Cardiology, Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001","https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yunha Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801680663","display_name":"Asan Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03s5q0090","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I4210167194"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yunha Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Division of Cardiology, Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001","https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101431011","display_name":"Hee\u2010Jung Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1285-2318"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801680663","display_name":"Asan Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03s5q0090","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I4210167194"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiahn Seo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100699921","display_name":"Minkyoung Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4923-5321"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801680663","display_name":"Asan Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03s5q0090","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I4210167194"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heejung Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113166766","display_name":"Jiye Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801680663","display_name":"Asan Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03s5q0090","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I4210167194"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minkyoung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010258839","display_name":"Gaeun Kee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2377-3503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801680663","display_name":"Asan Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03s5q0090","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I4210167194"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiye Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea","Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001","https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103060604","display_name":"Soyoung Ko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6268-1534"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801680663","display_name":"Asan Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03s5q0090","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I4210167194"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaeun Kee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001","https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004167647","display_name":"Byeolhee Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801680663","display_name":"Asan Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03s5q0090","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I4210167194"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soyoung Ko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001","https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001","https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Byeolhee Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801680663","display_name":"Asan Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03s5q0090","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I4210167194"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Byeolhee Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001","https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085078922","display_name":"Ahram Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4396-4948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116631150","display_name":"Ulsan College","ror":"https://ror.org/02tec3785","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116631150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801680663","display_name":"Asan Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03s5q0090","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I4210167194"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boeun Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Division of Cardiology, Heart Institute, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology, Heart Institute, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001","https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I116631150"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057858888","display_name":"Jung\u2010Min Ahn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4031-391X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116631150","display_name":"Ulsan College","ror":"https://ror.org/02tec3785","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116631150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801680663","display_name":"Asan Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03s5q0090","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I4210167194"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ah-Ram Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Cardiology, Heart Institute, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology, Heart Institute, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001","https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I116631150"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046171235","display_name":"Tae Joon Jun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6808-5149"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116631150","display_name":"Ulsan College","ror":"https://ror.org/02tec3785","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116631150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801680663","display_name":"Asan Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03s5q0090","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I4210167194"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jung-Min Ahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Cardiology, Heart Institute, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology, Heart Institute, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001","https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I116631150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001","https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012996842","display_name":"Young\u2010Hak Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3610-486X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116631150","display_name":"Ulsan College","ror":"https://ror.org/02tec3785","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116631150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801680663","display_name":"Asan Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03s5q0090","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I4210167194"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tae Joon Jun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Division of Cardiology, Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001","https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001","https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I116631150"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012996842","display_name":"Young\u2010Hak Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3610-486X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801680663","display_name":"Asan Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03s5q0090","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I4210167194"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Young-Hak Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Division of Cardiology, Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001","https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012996842","display_name":"Young\u2010Hak Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3610-486X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801680663","display_name":"Asan Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03s5q0090","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I4210167194"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young-Hak Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","Division of Cardiology, Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001","https://openalex.org/I2801680663"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympicro 43gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012996842"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801680663","https://openalex.org/I40542001"],"apc_list":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"fwci":11.6457,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98315805,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"4","first_page":"686","last_page":"702"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9861999750137329,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.4810064733028412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.46147653460502625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source","display_name":"Open source","score":0.429299920797348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiology","display_name":"Cardiology","score":0.4272095561027527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-physics","display_name":"Medical physics","score":0.345511257648468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensive-care-medicine","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","score":0.33915913105010986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.22088783979415894}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4810064733028412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.46147653460502625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018397939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3644502","display_name":"Open source","level":3,"score":0.429299920797348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.4272095561027527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.345511257648468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.33915913105010986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.22088783979415894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41666-025-00203-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41666-025-00203-x","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41666-025-00203-x.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210196546","display_name":"Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research","issn_l":"2509-4971","issn":["2509-4971","2509-498X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41230246","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41230246","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of healthcare informatics research","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11411217","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12602784","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41666-025-00203-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41666-025-00203-x","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41666-025-00203-x.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210196546","display_name":"Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research","issn_l":"2509-4971","issn":["2509-4971","2509-498X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3341154195","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HR21C0198","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322107","funder_display_name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5919137641","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HI23C0896","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322107","funder_display_name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322107","display_name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00fdzyk40"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412913067.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412913067.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978116440","https://openalex.org/W1994256263","https://openalex.org/W2018698711","https://openalex.org/W2053154970","https://openalex.org/W2075855743","https://openalex.org/W2108676889","https://openalex.org/W2536991335","https://openalex.org/W2607299704","https://openalex.org/W2621075239","https://openalex.org/W2744051520","https://openalex.org/W2963956191","https://openalex.org/W3119639969","https://openalex.org/W3123028701","https://openalex.org/W3141847762","https://openalex.org/W4288455572","https://openalex.org/W4385571397","https://openalex.org/W4386566731","https://openalex.org/W4390222516","https://openalex.org/W4390746609","https://openalex.org/W4391681937","https://openalex.org/W4392560653","https://openalex.org/W4399628104","https://openalex.org/W4401386758","https://openalex.org/W4406642447","https://openalex.org/W4407046395","https://openalex.org/W6604434363","https://openalex.org/W6826116265"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387497383","https://openalex.org/W3183948672","https://openalex.org/W3173606202","https://openalex.org/W3110381201","https://openalex.org/W2948807893","https://openalex.org/W2935909890","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2778153218","https://openalex.org/W2758277628","https://openalex.org/W1531601525"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,104],"generation":[1,53],"of":[2,165,218],"accurate":[3],"discharge":[4,65,80,139],"summaries":[5,81,140],"from":[6],"clinical":[7,42,172,192,200],"progress":[8],"notes":[9],"represents":[10],"a":[11,47,72,95,176,204],"critical":[12],"challenge":[13,39],"in":[14,18,144,184],"healthcare":[15,158,212],"documentation,":[16],"particularly":[17],"specialized":[19,171],"domains":[20],"like":[21],"cardiology":[22,79],"where":[23],"limited":[24],"annotated":[25],"data":[26,52,182],"and":[27,40,92,118,136,148,187,199],"complex":[28],"medical":[29,181],"terminology":[30],"pose":[31],"significant":[32,154],"barriers":[33],"to":[34,131,156,207],"automation.":[35],"To":[36],"address":[37],"this":[38],"improve":[41],"workflow":[43],"efficiency,":[44],"we":[45],"developed":[46],"comprehensive":[48],"approach":[49],"combining":[50,76],"synthetic":[51,85,180],"with":[54,82,141],"fine-tuned":[55,105,167],"large":[56],"language":[57],"models":[58],"(LLMs),":[59],"specifically":[60],"leveraging":[61],"Llama3.1-8B":[62,106],"for":[63,170,179],"automated":[64],"summary":[66],"creation.":[67],"Our":[68],"methodology":[69],"involved":[70],"constructing":[71],"hybrid":[73],"dataset":[74],"by":[75,123,161],"4658":[77],"real-world":[78],"12,661":[83],"high-quality":[84],"records":[86],"generated":[87],"via":[88],"the":[89,128,157,163],"OpenAI":[90],"API":[91],"validated":[93,177],"through":[94],"T5-based":[96],"binary":[97],"classifier":[98],"that":[99,190],"filtered":[100],"out":[101],"low-quality":[102],"outputs.":[103],"model":[107],"demonstrated":[108],"superior":[109],"performance":[110],"across":[111],"multiple":[112],"evaluation":[113],"metrics":[114],"including":[115],"ROUGE,":[116],"BLEU,":[117],"BERTScore,":[119],"while":[120,214],"qualitative":[121],"assessment":[122],"three":[124],"expert":[125],"cardiologists":[126],"confirmed":[127],"model's":[129],"ability":[130],"generate":[132],"clinically":[133],"coherent,":[134],"complete,":[135],"medically":[137],"relevant":[138],"high":[142,216],"accuracy":[143],"capturing":[145],"patient":[146,219],"conditions":[147],"treatment":[149],"details.":[150],"This":[151],"research":[152],"makes":[153],"contributions":[155],"informatics":[159],"community":[160],"demonstrating":[162],"feasibility":[164],"using":[166],"open-source":[168],"LLMs":[169],"documentation":[173,193],"tasks,":[174],"establishing":[175],"framework":[178],"augmentation":[183],"low-resource":[185],"scenarios,":[186],"providing":[188],"evidence":[189],"AI-assisted":[191],"can":[194],"achieve":[195],"both":[196],"technical":[197],"excellence":[198],"utility,":[201],"thereby":[202],"offering":[203],"scalable":[205],"solution":[206],"reduce":[208],"administrative":[209],"burden":[210],"on":[211],"professionals":[213],"maintaining":[215],"standards":[217],"care":[220],"documentation.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
