{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3016173377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41666-020-00068-2","title":"Dilated Recurrent Neural Networks for Glucose Forecasting in Type 1 Diabetes","display_name":"Dilated Recurrent Neural Networks for Glucose Forecasting in Type 1 Diabetes","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3016173377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41666-020-00068-2","mag":"3016173377","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35415447"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41666-020-00068-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41666-020-00068-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41666-020-00068-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210196546","display_name":"Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research","issn_l":"2509-4971","issn":["2509-4971","2509-498X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41666-020-00068-2.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051536843","display_name":"Taiyu Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9782-3470"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Taiyu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101786299","display_name":"Kezhi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3073-3128"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kezhi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100409553","display_name":"Jianwei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5364-0058"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianwei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002150341","display_name":"Pau Herrero","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pau Herrero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069244062","display_name":"Pantelis Georgiou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2476-3857"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pantelis Georgiou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051536843"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"apc_list":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"fwci":10.7832,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":133,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9884048,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":"308","last_page":"324"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9671000242233276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.9528999924659729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.70826655626297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypoglycemia","display_name":"Hypoglycemia","score":0.6362251043319702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6051269769668579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5662480592727661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoregressive-model","display_name":"Autoregressive model","score":0.496498167514801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.47394755482673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.465810090303421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4658063054084778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.4179953932762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.41148173809051514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin","display_name":"Insulin","score":0.3980970084667206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.26244696974754333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.20418289303779602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19451865553855896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.19202613830566406}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.70826655626297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780668416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202758","display_name":"Hypoglycemia","level":3,"score":0.6362251043319702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6051269769668579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5662480592727661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159877910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2202883","display_name":"Autoregressive model","level":2,"score":0.496498167514801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.47394755482673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.465810090303421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4658063054084778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.4179953932762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.41148173809051514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.3980970084667206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.26244696974754333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.20418289303779602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19451865553855896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.19202613830566406}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41666-020-00068-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41666-020-00068-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41666-020-00068-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210196546","display_name":"Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research","issn_l":"2509-4971","issn":["2509-4971","2509-498X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35415447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35415447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of healthcare informatics research","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10108768","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10108768/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"   Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research , 4  (3)   pp. 308-324.   (2020)      ","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8982716","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8982716","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Healthc Inform Res","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41666-020-00068-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41666-020-00068-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41666-020-00068-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210196546","display_name":"Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research","issn_l":"2509-4971","issn":["2509-4971","2509-498X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4875650773","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P00993X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8934868145","display_name":"ARISES: An Adaptive, Real-time, Intelligent System to Enhance Self-care of chronic disease","funder_award_id":"EP/P00993X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3016173377.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3016173377.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W129507607","https://openalex.org/W1019830208","https://openalex.org/W1127714344","https://openalex.org/W1810943226","https://openalex.org/W1924770834","https://openalex.org/W1964947170","https://openalex.org/W1977947448","https://openalex.org/W1982934478","https://openalex.org/W1983321018","https://openalex.org/W2015725840","https://openalex.org/W2031534975","https://openalex.org/W2045122720","https://openalex.org/W2057536936","https://openalex.org/W2072128103","https://openalex.org/W2097490155","https://openalex.org/W2099719924","https://openalex.org/W2101539208","https://openalex.org/W2116261113","https://openalex.org/W2121621966","https://openalex.org/W2130942839","https://openalex.org/W2136848157","https://openalex.org/W2165765049","https://openalex.org/W2402144811","https://openalex.org/W2419486859","https://openalex.org/W2511950764","https://openalex.org/W2580662672","https://openalex.org/W2750814024","https://openalex.org/W2885078543","https://openalex.org/W2889087356","https://openalex.org/W2889249519","https://openalex.org/W2889292359","https://openalex.org/W2949117887","https://openalex.org/W2963123914","https://openalex.org/W2963608065","https://openalex.org/W2965097915","https://openalex.org/W4231109964","https://openalex.org/W6604896550"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4225394202","https://openalex.org/W4298287631","https://openalex.org/W2953061907","https://openalex.org/W1847088711","https://openalex.org/W3036642985","https://openalex.org/W3032952384","https://openalex.org/W4213318607","https://openalex.org/W3017902212","https://openalex.org/W2964335273","https://openalex.org/W2964006806"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Diabetes":[0],"is":[1,32,133],"a":[2,28,34,39,46,89,95,115],"chronic":[3],"disease":[4],"affecting":[5],"415":[6],"million":[7],"people":[8],"worldwide.":[9],"People":[10],"with":[11],"type":[12],"1":[13],"diabetes":[14,50],"mellitus":[15],"(T1DM)":[16],"need":[17],"to":[18,21,101,136],"self-administer":[19],"insulin":[20,60],"maintain":[22],"blood":[23],"glucose":[24,41,57,107,150,167,196],"(BG)":[25],"levels":[26],"in":[27,74,120],"normal":[29],"range,":[30],"which":[31],"usually":[33],"very":[35],"challenging":[36],"task.":[37],"Developing":[38],"reliable":[40],"forecasting":[42,81,151,197],"model":[43,92,113],"would":[44],"have":[45],"profound":[47],"impact":[48],"on":[49,94,184],"management,":[51],"since":[52],"it":[53],"could":[54],"provide":[55,102],"predictive":[56],"alarms":[58],"or":[59],"suspension":[61],"at":[62,125],"low-glucose":[63],"for":[64,79,165],"hypoglycemia":[65],"minimisation.":[66],"Recently,":[67],"deep":[68,90],"learning":[69,91,131],"has":[70],"shown":[71],"great":[72],"potential":[73],"healthcare":[75],"and":[76,82,161],"medical":[77],"research":[78],"diagnosis,":[80],"decision-making.":[83],"In":[84],"this":[85],"work,":[86],"we":[87],"introduce":[88],"based":[93],"dilated":[96,192],"recurrent":[97],"neural":[98,163],"network":[99],"(DRNN)":[100],"30-min":[103],"forecasts":[104],"of":[105,122,139],"future":[106],"levels.":[108],"Using":[109],"dilation,":[110],"the":[111,140,185],"DRNN":[112],"gains":[114],"much":[116],"larger":[117],"receptive":[118],"field":[119],"terms":[121],"neurons":[123],"aiming":[124],"capturing":[126],"long-term":[127],"dependencies.":[128],"A":[129],"transfer":[130],"technique":[132],"also":[134],"applied":[135],"make":[137],"use":[138],"data":[141],"from":[142],"multiple":[143],"subjects.":[144],"The":[145,188],"proposed":[146],"approach":[147],"outperforms":[148],"existing":[149],"algorithms,":[152],"including":[153],"autoregressive":[154],"models":[155],"(ARX),":[156],"support":[157],"vector":[158],"regression":[159],"(SVR)":[160],"conventional":[162],"networks":[164],"predicting":[166],"(NNPG)":[168],"(e.g.":[169],"RMSE":[170],"=":[171],"NNPG,":[172],"22.9":[173],"mg/dL;":[174,177],"SVR,":[175],"21.7":[176],"ARX,":[178],"20.1":[179],"mg/dl;":[180],"DRNN,":[181],"18.9":[182],"mg/dL":[183],"OhioT1DM":[186],"dataset).":[187],"results":[189],"suggest":[190],"that":[191],"connections":[193],"can":[194],"improve":[195],"performance":[198],"efficiently.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}