{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128688876","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41315-025-00516-5","title":"A fast and robust 3D LiDAR-based loop closure detection method using BEV images","display_name":"A fast and robust 3D LiDAR-based loop closure detection method using BEV images","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128688876","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41315-025-00516-5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41315-025-00516-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41315-025-00516-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177954","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Robotics and Applications","issn_l":"2366-5971","issn":["2366-5971","2366-598X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Robotics and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125705136","display_name":"Chizhou Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126203","display_name":"Hubei University of Automotive Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/039m95m06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126203"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48168531","display_name":"South University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rjfjt94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48168531"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chizhou Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Light Alloy Research Institute of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China","School of Artificial Intelligence, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, 442002, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Light Alloy Research Institute of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479","https://openalex.org/I48168531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, 442002, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091858813","display_name":"MingSong Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48168531","display_name":"South University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rjfjt94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48168531"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mingsong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Light Alloy Research Institute of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Light Alloy Research Institute of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479","https://openalex.org/I48168531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121530885","display_name":"Guanqiang Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5343935","display_name":"Guilin University of Electronic Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05arjae42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanqiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048996931","display_name":"Yujie Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2146-0626"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongcheng Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101934875","display_name":"Zehao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4535-7698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48168531","display_name":"South University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rjfjt94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48168531"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zehao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Light Alloy Research Institute of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Light Alloy Research Institute of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479","https://openalex.org/I48168531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091858813"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479","https://openalex.org/I48168531"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.21901322,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"2","first_page":"642","last_page":"659"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.7027000188827515,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.7027000188827515,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.181099995970726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.02449999935925007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.664900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.6097999811172485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyramid","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","score":0.6007999777793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/separable-space","display_name":"Separable space","score":0.5275999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5202999711036682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.48669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.46549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.44510000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4399000108242035}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.664900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.661300003528595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.6097999811172485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142575187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358290","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.6007999777793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70710897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q680081","display_name":"Separable space","level":2,"score":0.5275999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5202999711036682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.51419997215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.48669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.46549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.44510000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4399000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.42719998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.4138999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184670325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q512604","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.38100001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.3790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.3765000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779624466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838119","display_name":"For loop","level":3,"score":0.36559998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3594000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.3571999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146834321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2979672","display_name":"Closure (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.34929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.3061999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777774050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16945110","display_name":"Control point","level":2,"score":0.3005000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.29910001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780762811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1784941","display_name":"Cosine similarity","level":3,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.27129998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32653426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813641","display_name":"Background subtraction","level":3,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.26269999146461487}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41315-025-00516-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41315-025-00516-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177954","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Robotics and Applications","issn_l":"2366-5971","issn":["2366-5971","2366-598X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Robotics and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5543405680","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2025JJ5027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2160821342","https://openalex.org/W2335829695","https://openalex.org/W2412782625","https://openalex.org/W2527172881","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2565998037","https://openalex.org/W2910489334","https://openalex.org/W2957348723","https://openalex.org/W2963012943","https://openalex.org/W2963708168","https://openalex.org/W2964309882","https://openalex.org/W2968296999","https://openalex.org/W2998623274","https://openalex.org/W3007240855","https://openalex.org/W3015788359","https://openalex.org/W3039808820","https://openalex.org/W3091337047","https://openalex.org/W3097606838","https://openalex.org/W3118961283","https://openalex.org/W3130266661","https://openalex.org/W3130609318","https://openalex.org/W3207344666","https://openalex.org/W3208696439","https://openalex.org/W4205831655","https://openalex.org/W4210423514","https://openalex.org/W4308506829","https://openalex.org/W4400975163","https://openalex.org/W4402727949","https://openalex.org/W4403890277","https://openalex.org/W4405387616","https://openalex.org/W4406057415"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2026-02-13T00:00:00"}