{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2997521904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41109-019-0245-x","title":"The time varying network of urban space uses in Milan","display_name":"The time varying network of urban space uses in Milan","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2997521904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41109-019-0245-x","mag":"2997521904"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41109-019-0245-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41109-019-0245-x","pdf_url":"https://appliednetsci.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1007/s41109-019-0245-x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035517252","display_name":"Applied Network Science","issn_l":"2364-8228","issn":["2364-8228"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Network Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://appliednetsci.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1007/s41109-019-0245-x","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027824136","display_name":"Alba Bernini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6176-7852"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alba Bernini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34, Milan, 20133, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34, Milan, 20133, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074891895","display_name":"Amadou Lamine Toure","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148561064","display_name":"African Institute for Mathematical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9k5d27","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148561064"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT","ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amadou Lamine Toure","raw_affiliation_strings":["African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, AIMS-Senegal, Km2 route de Joal (Centre IRD), M\u2019bour-Thies, 1418, Senegal","Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34, Milan, 20133, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, AIMS-Senegal, Km2 route de Joal (Centre IRD), M\u2019bour-Thies, 1418, Senegal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148561064"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34, Milan, 20133, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060960413","display_name":"Renato Casagrandi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5177-803X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Renato Casagrandi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34, Milan, 20133, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5177-803X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34, Milan, 20133, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060960413"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"],"apc_list":{"value":790,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":969},"apc_paid":{"value":790,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":969},"fwci":2.1241,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8838956,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-phone","display_name":"Mobile phone","score":0.6161933541297913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.5988215804100037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.5753787755966187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-scales","display_name":"Temporal scales","score":0.5117945075035095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-ecosystem","display_name":"Urban ecosystem","score":0.5036949515342712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-planning","display_name":"Urban planning","score":0.45071232318878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.44893109798431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.4453846514225006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-resource-management","display_name":"Environmental resource management","score":0.43417850136756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-geography","display_name":"Economic geography","score":0.4076739549636841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-science","display_name":"Regional science","score":0.39366066455841064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.3927607238292694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35924845933914185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3316746652126312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.261690616607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.16946974396705627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.1225188672542572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10208570957183838}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777421447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17517","display_name":"Mobile phone","level":2,"score":0.6161933541297913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.5988215804100037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5753787755966187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777489503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698936","display_name":"Temporal scales","level":2,"score":0.5117945075035095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20664614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2067951","display_name":"Urban ecosystem","level":3,"score":0.5036949515342712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.45071232318878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.44893109798431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.4453846514225006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.43417850136756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.4076739549636841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148383697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1781695","display_name":"Regional science","level":1,"score":0.39366066455841064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.3927607238292694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35924845933914185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3316746652126312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.261690616607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.16946974396705627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1225188672542572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10208570957183838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41109-019-0245-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41109-019-0245-x","pdf_url":"https://appliednetsci.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1007/s41109-019-0245-x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035517252","display_name":"Applied Network Science","issn_l":"2364-8228","issn":["2364-8228"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Network Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b92b46c4e43447f3ab5a703c303223d4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b92b46c4e43447f3ab5a703c303223d4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Network Science, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/1127347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11311/1127347","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:24543","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/24543","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402478","display_name":"INFM-OAR (INFN Catania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210116497","host_organization_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41109-019-0245-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41109-019-0245-x","pdf_url":"https://appliednetsci.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1007/s41109-019-0245-x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035517252","display_name":"Applied Network Science","issn_l":"2364-8228","issn":["2364-8228"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Network Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7900000214576721,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321499","display_name":"Fondazione Cariplo","ror":"https://ror.org/01gb56c55"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2997521904.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2997521904.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W267351533","https://openalex.org/W1875112053","https://openalex.org/W1972631516","https://openalex.org/W1978551333","https://openalex.org/W1979081979","https://openalex.org/W1982300822","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2006690660","https://openalex.org/W2010797227","https://openalex.org/W2011294651","https://openalex.org/W2016381774","https://openalex.org/W2019899368","https://openalex.org/W2034636363","https://openalex.org/W2087189381","https://openalex.org/W2110653042","https://openalex.org/W2110953678","https://openalex.org/W2121712502","https://openalex.org/W2127048411","https://openalex.org/W2129343844","https://openalex.org/W2131681506","https://openalex.org/W2151936673","https://openalex.org/W2190432600","https://openalex.org/W2510369113","https://openalex.org/W2592840390","https://openalex.org/W2611775752","https://openalex.org/W2619740188","https://openalex.org/W2724564626","https://openalex.org/W2898084979","https://openalex.org/W2951271819","https://openalex.org/W3099768174","https://openalex.org/W3102641634","https://openalex.org/W3126033509","https://openalex.org/W4235169531","https://openalex.org/W4238452917","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2109050268","https://openalex.org/W1559621711","https://openalex.org/W2095926071","https://openalex.org/W2769322819","https://openalex.org/W2371451591","https://openalex.org/W1898428141","https://openalex.org/W2388358789","https://openalex.org/W3115278464","https://openalex.org/W2361847005","https://openalex.org/W3136527837"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1,162],"a":[2,76],"metropolis,":[3],"people":[4],"movements":[5],"design":[6],"intricate":[7],"patterns":[8,98],"that":[9,141,143,186,212],"change":[10],"on":[11,117,137],"very":[12],"short":[13],"temporal":[14,58,157],"scales.":[15],"Population":[16],"mobility":[17,62],"obviously":[18],"is":[19,171],"not":[20,152],"random,":[21],"but":[22],"driven":[23,178],"by":[24,39,102,155],"the":[25,29,41,57,70,84,89,96,113,118,131,164,215],"land":[26,45,121],"uses":[27,46,122],"of":[28,44,60,72,92,99,120,133,148,159,169,217],"city.":[30],"Such":[31],"an":[32],"urban":[33,167,182,197],"ecosystem":[34],"can":[35],"interestingly":[36],"be":[37,188],"explored":[38],"integrating":[40],"spatial":[42],"analysis":[43,59,119],"(through":[47],"ecological":[48],"indicators":[49],"commonly":[50],"used":[51],"to":[52,82,180,191,204],"characterize":[53,181],"natural":[54],"environments)":[55],"with":[56],"human":[61,160],"(reconstructed":[63],"from":[64],"anonymized":[65],"mobile":[66,124],"phone":[67,125],"data).":[68],"Considering":[69],"city":[71],"Milan":[73,170],"(Italy)":[74],"as":[75],"case":[77],"study,":[78],"here":[79],"we":[80],"aimed":[81],"identify":[83],"complex":[85],"relations":[86],"occurring":[87],"between":[88,130],"land-use":[90,149],"composition":[91,150],"its":[93],"neighborhoods":[94,142],"and":[95,112,123,195,202],"spatio-temporal":[97],"occupation":[100],"made":[101],"citizens.":[103],"We":[104],"generated":[105],"two":[106],"spatially":[107],"explicit":[108],"networks,":[109],"one":[110],"static":[111],"other":[114],"temporal,":[115],"based":[116],"data,":[126],"respectively.":[127],"The":[128],"comparison":[129],"results":[132],"community":[134],"detection":[135],"performed":[136],"both":[138],"networks":[139],"revealed":[140],"are":[144,151,199],"similar":[145],"in":[146],"terms":[147],"necessarily":[153],"characterized":[154],"analogous":[156],"fluctuations":[158],"activities.":[161],"particular,":[163],"historical":[165],"concentric":[166],"structure":[168],"still":[172],"under":[173],"play.":[174],"Our":[175],"big":[176],"data":[177],"approach":[179],"diversity":[183],"provides":[184],"outcomes":[185],"could":[187],"important":[189],"(i)":[190],"better":[192],"understand":[193],"how":[194],"when":[196],"spaces":[198],"actually":[200],"used,":[201],"(ii)":[203],"allow":[205],"policy":[206],"makers":[207],"improving":[208],"strategic":[209],"development":[210],"plans":[211],"account":[213],"for":[214],"needs":[216],"metropolis-like":[218],"permanently":[219],"changing":[220],"cities.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T15:47:20.252518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}