{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3082925443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41095-021-0255-3","title":"NPRportrait 1.0: A three-level benchmark for non-photorealistic rendering of portraits","display_name":"NPRportrait 1.0: A three-level benchmark for non-photorealistic rendering of portraits","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3082925443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41095-021-0255-3","mag":"3082925443"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41095-021-0255-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41095-021-0255-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41095-021-0255-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2487656537","display_name":"Computational Visual Media","issn_l":"2096-0433","issn":["2096-0433","2096-0662"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Visual Media","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41095-021-0255-3.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068129380","display_name":"Paul L. Rosin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4965-3884"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul L. Rosin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067850699","display_name":"Yu\u2010Kun Lai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2094-5680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Kun Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007423253","display_name":"David Mould","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5779-484X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Mould","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054879013","display_name":"Ran Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1858-3358"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ran Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035247528","display_name":"Itamar Berger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138898306","display_name":"Reichman University","ror":"https://ror.org/01px5cv07","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138898306"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Itamar Berger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Reichman University (the Interdisciplinary Center), Herzliya, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Reichman University (the Interdisciplinary Center), Herzliya, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138898306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026977938","display_name":"Lars Doyle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1674-3795"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lars Doyle","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101408509","display_name":"Seungyong Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8159-4271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seungyong Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100404407","display_name":"Chuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7587-1343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086225","display_name":"Lambda Instruments (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00thhxf09","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lambda Labs, Inc., San Francisco, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lambda Labs, Inc., San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008076279","display_name":"Yong\u2010Jin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-1916"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong-Jin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076672226","display_name":"Amir Semmo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1553-4940"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143288331","display_name":"Hasso Plattner Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/058rn5r42","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143288331","https://openalex.org/I176453806"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176453806","display_name":"University of Potsdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03bnmw459","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amir Semmo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143288331","https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022467818","display_name":"Ariel Shamir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7082-7845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138898306","display_name":"Reichman University","ror":"https://ror.org/01px5cv07","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138898306"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ariel Shamir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Reichman University (the Interdisciplinary Center), Herzliya, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Reichman University (the Interdisciplinary Center), Herzliya, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138898306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086993097","display_name":"Minjung Son","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7915-7320"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minjung Son","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multimedia Processing Laboratory, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimedia Processing Laboratory, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033989499","display_name":"Holger Winnem\u00f6ller","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306409833","display_name":"Adobe Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059tvcg64","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306409833"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Holger Winnemoller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adobe Systems, Inc., San Jose, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adobe Systems, Inc., San Jose, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306409833"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":7,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0153,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75991033,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"3","first_page":"445","last_page":"465"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.7763519287109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7712199687957764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7464579939842224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/portrait","display_name":"Portrait","score":0.6642087697982788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5605789422988892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics","score":0.527743399143219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.44152766466140747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.42698436975479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.4223378300666809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-photorealistic-rendering","display_name":"Non-photorealistic rendering","score":0.41606661677360535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.40387335419654846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3761051595211029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.3242669701576233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08011028170585632}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.7763519287109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7712199687957764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7464579939842224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162462552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134307","display_name":"Portrait","level":2,"score":0.6642087697982788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5605789422988892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77660652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150971","display_name":"Computer graphics","level":2,"score":0.527743399143219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.44152766466140747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42698436975479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.4223378300666809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155650255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q259326","display_name":"Non-photorealistic rendering","level":5,"score":0.41606661677360535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40387335419654846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3761051595211029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.3242669701576233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08011028170585632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69369342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401416","display_name":"Computer animation","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138591656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157538","display_name":"Computer facial animation","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41095-021-0255-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41095-021-0255-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41095-021-0255-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2487656537","display_name":"Computational Visual Media","issn_l":"2096-0433","issn":["2096-0433","2096-0662"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Visual Media","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk:149110","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401195","display_name":"ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","host_organization_name":"Cardiff University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kobv.de-opus4-uni-potsdam:64370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/64370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400594","display_name":"publish.UP (University of Potsdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I176453806","host_organization_name":"University of Potsdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doc-type:article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oasis.postech.ac.kr:2014.oak/112996","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://oasis.postech.ac.kr/handle/2014.oak/112996","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401965","display_name":"Open Access System for Information Sharing (Pohang University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","host_organization_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41095-021-0255-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41095-021-0255-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41095-021-0255-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2487656537","display_name":"Computational Visual Media","issn_l":"2096-0433","issn":["2096-0433","2096-0662"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Visual Media","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3082925443.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3082925443.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W45202116","https://openalex.org/W69951162","https://openalex.org/W207603511","https://openalex.org/W1480198338","https://openalex.org/W1527473547","https://openalex.org/W1966185718","https://openalex.org/W1977725648","https://openalex.org/W1982159440","https://openalex.org/W1982471090","https://openalex.org/W1993935870","https://openalex.org/W2004002123","https://openalex.org/W2021013203","https://openalex.org/W2035785971","https://openalex.org/W2053227547","https://openalex.org/W2058595186","https://openalex.org/W2064340221","https://openalex.org/W2076098020","https://openalex.org/W2085491337","https://openalex.org/W2096371691","https://openalex.org/W2109253138","https://openalex.org/W2125063476","https://openalex.org/W2129644086","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2148949967","https://openalex.org/W2161527779","https://openalex.org/W2230240223","https://openalex.org/W2275363859","https://openalex.org/W2288799730","https://openalex.org/W2475287302","https://openalex.org/W2602856279","https://openalex.org/W2615235355","https://openalex.org/W2619736762","https://openalex.org/W2626886357","https://openalex.org/W2739814031","https://openalex.org/W2741886321","https://openalex.org/W2770654675","https://openalex.org/W2775344120","https://openalex.org/W2788481061","https://openalex.org/W2792371312","https://openalex.org/W2802922942","https://openalex.org/W2804718101","https://openalex.org/W2884041121","https://openalex.org/W2886183077","https://openalex.org/W2912083425","https://openalex.org/W2912466789","https://openalex.org/W2918954580","https://openalex.org/W2942979781","https://openalex.org/W2946220758","https://openalex.org/W2949161295","https://openalex.org/W2961310105","https://openalex.org/W2962750014","https://openalex.org/W2962785568","https://openalex.org/W2962919088","https://openalex.org/W2963503775","https://openalex.org/W2963981733","https://openalex.org/W2985968061","https://openalex.org/W2986257529","https://openalex.org/W3011206055","https://openalex.org/W3024169794","https://openalex.org/W3031850990","https://openalex.org/W3048835585","https://openalex.org/W3139323198","https://openalex.org/W4230414599","https://openalex.org/W4230625312","https://openalex.org/W4234972732","https://openalex.org/W4388311588","https://openalex.org/W6827648893"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3109786615","https://openalex.org/W2538420047","https://openalex.org/W2582295320","https://openalex.org/W2546082010","https://openalex.org/W2321393524","https://openalex.org/W2026162338","https://openalex.org/W2063390443","https://openalex.org/W2148593794","https://openalex.org/W2044956415","https://openalex.org/W2293614998"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"there":[1],"has":[2,114],"been":[3,115],"an":[4],"upsurge":[5],"of":[6,23,31,55,91,125,141,151],"activity":[7],"in":[8,14,34,44],"image-based":[9],"non-photorealistic":[10],"rendering":[11],"(NPR),":[12],"and":[13,48,70,102,157,160,166],"particular":[15],"portrait":[16,93,119],"image":[17,57,152],"stylisation,":[18],"due":[19],"to":[20,41],"the":[21,29,42,45,53,89,126,139,142,169],"advent":[22],"neural":[24],"style":[25],"transfer":[26],"(NST).":[27],"However,":[28],"state":[30],"performance":[32],"evaluation":[33,90,146],"this":[35,79],"field":[36],"is":[37,59],"poor,":[38],"especially":[39],"compared":[40],"norms":[43],"computer":[46],"vision":[47],"machine":[49],"learning":[50],"communities.":[51],"Unfortunately,":[52],"task":[54],"evaluating":[56,118],"stylisation":[58,120,153],"thus":[60],"far":[61],"not":[62],"well":[63,131],"defined,":[64],"since":[65],"it":[66],"involves":[67],"subjective,":[68],"perceptual,":[69],"aesthetic":[71],"aspects.":[72],"To":[73],"make":[74],"progress":[75],"towards":[76],"a":[77,82,111,148],"solution,":[78],"paper":[80],"proposes":[81],"new":[83,112,170],"structured,":[84],"three-level,":[85],"benchmark":[86,128,171],"dataset":[87],"for":[88,99,117,147],"stylised":[92],"images.":[94],"Rigorous":[95],"criteria":[96],"were":[97],"used":[98],"its":[100,103],"construction,":[101],"consistency":[104],"was":[105],"validated":[106],"by":[107,135],"user":[108,136],"studies.":[109],"Moreover,":[110],"methodology":[113],"developed":[116],"algorithms,":[121],"which":[122],"makes":[123],"use":[124],"different":[127],"levels":[129],"as":[130,132],"annotations":[133],"provided":[134],"studies":[137],"regarding":[138],"characteristics":[140],"faces.":[143],"We":[144],"perform":[145],"wide":[149],"variety":[150],"methods":[154],"(both":[155],"portrait-specific":[156],"general":[158],"purpose,":[159],"also":[161],"both":[162],"traditional":[163],"NPR":[164],"approaches":[165],"NST)":[167],"using":[168],"dataset.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
