{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226401892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41095-021-0253-5","title":"Rendering discrete participating media using geometrical optics approximation","display_name":"Rendering discrete participating media using geometrical optics approximation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226401892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41095-021-0253-5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41095-021-0253-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41095-021-0253-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41095-021-0253-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2487656537","display_name":"Computational Visual Media","issn_l":"2096-0433","issn":["2096-0433","2096-0662"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Visual Media","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41095-021-0253-5.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042385843","display_name":"Jie Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4176-7617"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China","State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108119693","display_name":"Bingyang Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingyang Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China","State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114488762","display_name":"Yanjun Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanjun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China","State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052686834","display_name":"Yuanqi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6385-9398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanqi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China","State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009275869","display_name":"Yanwen Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7605-5206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanwen Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China","State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100756588","display_name":"Ling\u2010Qi Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9379-094X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling-Qi Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, UC Santa Barbara, USA","Department of Computer Science, UC Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, UC Santa Barbara, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, UC Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.762,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89136961,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"3","first_page":"425","last_page":"444"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.732590913772583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mie-scattering","display_name":"Mie scattering","score":0.6032835245132446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.5890936851501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.5495641231536865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometrical-optics","display_name":"Geometrical optics","score":0.5330684781074524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.5057406425476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4835657775402069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics","score":0.4698098301887512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-scattering","display_name":"Light scattering","score":0.46765583753585815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.4647359848022461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.4463281035423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.40810489654541016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-physics","display_name":"Computational physics","score":0.34267657995224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.27172762155532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.23511233925819397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12389862537384033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.11387869715690613}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.732590913772583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63688654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901737","display_name":"Mie scattering","level":4,"score":0.6032835245132446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.5890936851501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.5495641231536865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110277352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467980","display_name":"Geometrical optics","level":2,"score":0.5330684781074524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.5057406425476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4835657775402069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77660652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150971","display_name":"Computer graphics","level":2,"score":0.4698098301887512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120456961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Light scattering","level":3,"score":0.46765583753585815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.4647359848022461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4463281035423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.40810489654541016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.34267657995224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.27172762155532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23511233925819397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12389862537384033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.11387869715690613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41095-021-0253-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41095-021-0253-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41095-021-0253-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2487656537","display_name":"Computational Visual Media","issn_l":"2096-0433","issn":["2096-0433","2096-0662"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Visual Media","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41095-021-0253-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41095-021-0253-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41095-021-0253-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2487656537","display_name":"Computational Visual Media","issn_l":"2096-0433","issn":["2096-0433","2096-0662"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Visual Media","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2342739902","display_name":"\u53cc\u5411\u53cd\u5c04\u5206\u5e03\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7403\u9762\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u53ca\u5176\u667a\u80fd\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61972194","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6274052258","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61972194 and 62032011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8788252494","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62032011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226401892.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226401892.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971621888","https://openalex.org/W1991947767","https://openalex.org/W1993572304","https://openalex.org/W1994278625","https://openalex.org/W1999182952","https://openalex.org/W2008125985","https://openalex.org/W2010589269","https://openalex.org/W2012177085","https://openalex.org/W2012864751","https://openalex.org/W2031232480","https://openalex.org/W2036180579","https://openalex.org/W2043089698","https://openalex.org/W2045276693","https://openalex.org/W2062140115","https://openalex.org/W2068034785","https://openalex.org/W2076903241","https://openalex.org/W2086449889","https://openalex.org/W2090346540","https://openalex.org/W2096987171","https://openalex.org/W2110148997","https://openalex.org/W2112340554","https://openalex.org/W2127730349","https://openalex.org/W2131413095","https://openalex.org/W2133684143","https://openalex.org/W2136791165","https://openalex.org/W2152418755","https://openalex.org/W2152577388","https://openalex.org/W2158627284","https://openalex.org/W2725505092","https://openalex.org/W2793021730","https://openalex.org/W2802518885","https://openalex.org/W2805118565","https://openalex.org/W2806536237","https://openalex.org/W2810875683","https://openalex.org/W2883991368","https://openalex.org/W2887041975","https://openalex.org/W2891236591","https://openalex.org/W2912892010","https://openalex.org/W2917528446","https://openalex.org/W2963612113","https://openalex.org/W3011065856","https://openalex.org/W3102760837","https://openalex.org/W4240307345"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W268862413","https://openalex.org/W4321519047","https://openalex.org/W2154468134","https://openalex.org/W2322021969","https://openalex.org/W1981068248","https://openalex.org/W2360647567","https://openalex.org/W2031232480","https://openalex.org/W2044956415","https://openalex.org/W2114478889","https://openalex.org/W1991947767"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,116],"consider":[1],"the":[2,25,28,46,56,65,96,130,138,156,161],"scattering":[3,97],"of":[4,10,27,33,49,59,98,145,152],"light":[5],"in":[6,37,55,69,129],"participating":[7,132,147],"media":[8,148,158],"composed":[9],"sparsely":[11],"and":[12],"randomly":[13],"distributed":[14],"discrete":[15,131,146],"particles.":[16],"The":[17],"particle":[18,113,162],"size":[19,114],"is":[20,62,137],"expected":[21],"to":[22,30,45,63,80,89,93,105,125,140,155],"range":[23,144],"from":[24],"scale":[26],"wavelength":[29],"several":[31],"orders":[32],"magnitude":[34],"greater,":[35],"resulting":[36],"an":[38],"appearance":[39,48,61],"with":[40,149],"distinct":[41],"graininess":[42],"as":[43,160],"opposed":[44],"smooth":[47],"continuous":[50,157],"media.":[51,133],"One":[52],"fundamental":[53],"issue":[54],"physically-based":[57],"synthesis":[58],"such":[60],"determine":[64],"necessary":[66],"optical":[67,109],"properties":[68,75,110],"every":[70],"local":[71],"region.":[72],"Since":[73],"these":[74],"vary":[76],"spatially,":[77],"we":[78],"resort":[79],"geometrical":[81],"optics":[82],"approximation":[83],"(GOA),":[84],"a":[85,99,119,142],"highly":[86],"efficient":[87],"alternative":[88],"rigorous":[90],"Lorenz\u2014Mie":[91],"theory,":[92],"quantitatively":[94],"represent":[95],"single":[100],"particle.":[101],"This":[102],"enables":[103],"us":[104],"quickly":[106],"compute":[107],"bulk":[108],"for":[111],"any":[112],"distribution.":[115],"then":[117],"use":[118],"practical":[120],"Monte":[121],"Carlo":[122],"rendering":[123],"solution":[124],"solve":[126],"energy":[127],"transfer":[128],"Our":[134],"proposed":[135],"framework":[136],"first":[139],"simulate":[141],"wide":[143],"different":[150],"levels":[151],"graininess,":[153],"converging":[154],"case":[159],"concentration":[163],"increases.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}