{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7131364007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41060-026-01044-6","title":"e-profits: a business-aligned evaluation metric for profit-sensitive customer churn prediction","display_name":"e-profits: a business-aligned evaluation metric for profit-sensitive customer churn prediction","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7131364007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41060-026-01044-6"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41060-026-01044-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41060-026-01044-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41060-026-01044-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195017","display_name":"International Journal of Data Science and Analytics","issn_l":"2364-415X","issn":["2364-415X","2364-4168"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Data Science and Analytics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41060-026-01044-6.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5099089966","display_name":"Awais Manzoor","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101429","display_name":"Enable Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/00naggm49","country_code":"IE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101429"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144925","display_name":"Technological University Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/04t0qbt32","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144925"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Awais Manzoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["ADAPT Centre, eXplainable Analytics Group, Dublin, Ireland","Faculty of Business, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ADAPT Centre, eXplainable Analytics Group, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101429"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Business, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126758469","display_name":"M. Atif Qureshi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101429","display_name":"Enable Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/00naggm49","country_code":"IE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101429"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144925","display_name":"Technological University Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/04t0qbt32","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144925"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Atif Qureshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["ADAPT Centre, eXplainable Analytics Group, Dublin, Ireland","Faculty of Business, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ADAPT Centre, eXplainable Analytics Group, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101429"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Business, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030746722","display_name":"Etain Kidney","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1099-278X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144925","display_name":"Technological University Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/04t0qbt32","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144925"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Etain Kidney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Business, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Business, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144925"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110600377","display_name":"Luca Longo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27577105","display_name":"University College Cork","ror":"https://ror.org/03265fv13","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Longo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5099089966"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101429","https://openalex.org/I4210144925"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.27502659,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12384","display_name":"Customer churn and segmentation","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12384","display_name":"Customer churn and segmentation","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10154","display_name":"Customer Service Quality and Loyalty","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11891","display_name":"Big Data and Business Intelligence","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.7401000261306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6291000247001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-modelling","display_name":"Predictive modelling","score":0.5770999789237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profit","display_name":"Profit (economics)","score":0.5217999815940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-metric","display_name":"Performance metric","score":0.4968999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.4154999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/return-on-investment","display_name":"Return on investment","score":0.3871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/customer-relationship-management","display_name":"Customer relationship management","score":0.3528999984264374}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.7401000261306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7057999968528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6291000247001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45804977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239673","display_name":"Predictive modelling","level":2,"score":0.5770999789237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181622380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911","display_name":"Profit (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5217999815940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780898871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Performance metric","level":2,"score":0.4968999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4611999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.4154999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3912000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169549615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q939134","display_name":"Return on investment","level":3,"score":0.3871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98825075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485643","display_name":"Customer relationship management","level":2,"score":0.3528999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130721881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1146253","display_name":"Customer lifetime value","level":5,"score":0.3465999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.33070001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191511416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q999278","display_name":"Customer satisfaction","level":2,"score":0.32820001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.32760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30570000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.2865999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779714256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25305062","display_name":"Multiple Models","level":2,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101276457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196474","display_name":"Customer retention","level":4,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58546491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1150207","display_name":"Competitive advantage","level":2,"score":0.2529999911785126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41060-026-01044-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41060-026-01044-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41060-026-01044-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195017","display_name":"International Journal of Data Science and Analytics","issn_l":"2364-415X","issn":["2364-415X","2364-4168"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Data Science and Analytics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41060-026-01044-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41060-026-01044-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41060-026-01044-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195017","display_name":"International Journal of Data Science and Analytics","issn_l":"2364-415X","issn":["2364-415X","2364-4168"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Data Science and Analytics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5635949969291687,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1874226381","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13/RC/2106_P2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336201","funder_display_name":"ADAPT - Centre for Digital Content Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7732927452","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GOIPG/2021/1354","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321056","funder_display_name":"Irish Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321056","display_name":"Irish Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/051xex213"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325671","display_name":"Technological University Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/04t0qbt32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336201","display_name":"ADAPT - Centre for Digital Content Technology","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7131364007.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1547044146","https://openalex.org/W2005755239","https://openalex.org/W2048755952","https://openalex.org/W2102739522","https://openalex.org/W2115769109","https://openalex.org/W2137959503","https://openalex.org/W2159105921","https://openalex.org/W2522183638","https://openalex.org/W2564904255","https://openalex.org/W2779766484","https://openalex.org/W2791038676","https://openalex.org/W2963345615","https://openalex.org/W2987201163","https://openalex.org/W3106101533","https://openalex.org/W3122149192","https://openalex.org/W3125979150","https://openalex.org/W3143108574","https://openalex.org/W3164001420","https://openalex.org/W4225529305","https://openalex.org/W4283263893","https://openalex.org/W4293060239","https://openalex.org/W4310500583","https://openalex.org/W4324104316","https://openalex.org/W4386387564","https://openalex.org/W4387526440","https://openalex.org/W4389475256","https://openalex.org/W4396982377","https://openalex.org/W4399381088","https://openalex.org/W4401123137","https://openalex.org/W4405744733","https://openalex.org/W4408519085","https://openalex.org/W4408588935","https://openalex.org/W4410340554"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Retention":[1],"campaigns":[2],"in":[3,117,155],"customer":[4,50],"relationship":[5],"management":[6],"often":[7],"rely":[8],"on":[9,49,136],"churn":[10,157],"prediction":[11],"models":[12,118,133],"evaluated":[13],"using":[14],"traditional":[15,112],"metrics":[16,24,61],"such":[17,62],"as":[18,63],"AUC":[19,122],"and":[20,30,55,84,100,103,152],"F1-score.":[21,124],"However,":[22],"these":[23],"fail":[25],"to":[26,77,111],"reflect":[27],"financial":[28,115],"outcomes":[29],"may":[31],"mislead":[32],"strategic":[33],"decisions.":[34],"We":[35,90],"introduce":[36],"e-Profits":[37,72,106,141],",":[38],"a":[39,143],"novel":[40],"business-aligned":[41],"evaluation":[42,146],"metric":[43,126],"that":[44,105,148],"quantifies":[45],"model":[46,108],"performance":[47],"based":[48],"lifetime":[51],"value,":[52],"retention":[53,82],"probability,":[54],"intervention":[56],"costs.":[57],"Unlike":[58],"existing":[59],"profit-based":[60],"Expected":[64],"Maximum":[65],"Profit,":[66],"which":[67,132],"assume":[68],"fixed":[69],"population-level":[70],"parameters,":[71],"uses":[73],"Kaplan\u2013Meier":[74],"survival":[75],"analysis":[76],"estimate":[78],"tenure-conditioned":[79],"(customer-level)":[80],"one-period":[81],"probabilities":[83],"supports":[85],"granular,":[86],"per-customer":[87],"profit":[88],"evaluation.":[89],"benchmark":[91],"six":[92],"classifiers":[93],"across":[94],"two":[95],"telecom":[96],"datasets":[97],"(IBM":[98],"Telco":[99],"Maven":[101],"Telecom)":[102],"demonstrate":[104],"reshapes":[107],"rankings":[109],"compared":[110],"metrics,":[113],"revealing":[114],"advantages":[116],"previously":[119],"overlooked":[120],"by":[121],"or":[123],"The":[125],"also":[127],"enables":[128],"segment-level":[129],"insight":[130],"into":[131],"maximise":[134],"return":[135],"investment":[137],"for":[138],"high-value":[139],"customers.":[140],"provides":[142],"transparent,":[144],"customer-level":[145],"framework":[147],"bridges":[149],"predictive":[150],"modelling":[151],"profit-driven":[153],"decision-making":[154],"operational":[156],"management.":[158],"All":[159],"source":[160],"code":[161],"is":[162],"available":[163],"at:":[164],"https://github.com/Awaismanzoor/eprofits":[165],".":[166]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2026-02-25T00:00:00"}