{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7119175378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41060-025-00979-6","title":"Arabic word sense disambiguation: a survey in the era of transformer-based models","display_name":"Arabic word sense disambiguation: a survey in the era of transformer-based models","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7119175378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41060-025-00979-6"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41060-025-00979-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41060-025-00979-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195017","display_name":"International Journal of Data Science and Analytics","issn_l":"2364-415X","issn":["2364-415X","2364-4168"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Data Science and Analytics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122232846","display_name":"Rakia Saidi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110695","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Tunis Carthage","ror":"https://ror.org/01xf5pq20","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110695"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rakia Saidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIMTIC Laboratory, Tunis, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIMTIC Laboratory, Tunis, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110695"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122173365","display_name":"Fethi Jarray","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110695","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Tunis Carthage","ror":"https://ror.org/01xf5pq20","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110695"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111747","display_name":"Institut des R\u00e9gions Arides","ror":"https://ror.org/01hwc7828","country_code":"TN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111747"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fethi Jarray","raw_affiliation_strings":["Higher institute of computer science of Medenine, Medenine, Tunisia","LIMTIC Laboratory, Tunis, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Higher institute of computer science of Medenine, Medenine, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIMTIC Laboratory, Tunis, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110695"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5122232846"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110695"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.04257712,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9070000052452087,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9070000052452087,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.049300000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strengths-and-weaknesses","display_name":"Strengths and weaknesses","score":0.5116999745368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.43779999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic","display_name":"Arabic","score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.3386000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.3384999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.3305000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.31790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.30320000648498535}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7110999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5713000297546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63882131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17122954","display_name":"Strengths and weaknesses","level":2,"score":0.5116999745368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.43779999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.3386000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.3384999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.3305000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3294999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.31790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.30320000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.2879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.28519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778243841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56467","display_name":"Modern Standard Arabic","level":3,"score":0.275299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776434776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19246213","display_name":"Domain adaptation","level":3,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.2621000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.2612000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175293574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q697133","display_name":"Word lists by frequency","level":3,"score":0.25760000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109747225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815758","display_name":"Scarcity","level":2,"score":0.25589999556541443}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41060-025-00979-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41060-025-00979-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195017","display_name":"International Journal of Data Science and Analytics","issn_l":"2364-415X","issn":["2364-415X","2364-4168"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Data Science and Analytics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8369817137718201,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W47303997","https://openalex.org/W116243914","https://openalex.org/W318621785","https://openalex.org/W1832693441","https://openalex.org/W1972130492","https://openalex.org/W1988325893","https://openalex.org/W1989326298","https://openalex.org/W2005314657","https://openalex.org/W2058195867","https://openalex.org/W2065157922","https://openalex.org/W2127523262","https://openalex.org/W2294501224","https://openalex.org/W2320303517","https://openalex.org/W2436001372","https://openalex.org/W2529692277","https://openalex.org/W2536142759","https://openalex.org/W2740782137","https://openalex.org/W2767595811","https://openalex.org/W2768325388","https://openalex.org/W2790903008","https://openalex.org/W2803647370","https://openalex.org/W2900975931","https://openalex.org/W2970773744","https://openalex.org/W3138823115","https://openalex.org/W4205957816","https://openalex.org/W4212921562","https://openalex.org/W4220850236","https://openalex.org/W4312256359","https://openalex.org/W4386527432","https://openalex.org/W4386938166","https://openalex.org/W4390675039","https://openalex.org/W4402671395","https://openalex.org/W4402671402"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2026-01-08T00:00:00"}