{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385875838","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41060-023-00437-1","title":"Enhancing hate speech detection with user characteristics","display_name":"Enhancing hate speech detection with user characteristics","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385875838","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41060-023-00437-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41060-023-00437-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41060-023-00437-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195017","display_name":"International Journal of Data Science and Analytics","issn_l":"2364-415X","issn":["2364-415X","2364-4168"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Data Science and Analytics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087124552","display_name":"Rohan Raut","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120156002","display_name":"Boise State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e3zdp86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rohan Raut","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045206246","display_name":"Francesca Spezzano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0361-9728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120156002","display_name":"Boise State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e3zdp86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Francesca Spezzano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045206246"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9865,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79153626,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"4","first_page":"445","last_page":"455"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9628000259399414,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9452999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/readability","display_name":"Readability","score":0.7791298627853394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6303645372390747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.5810103416442871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.5739381909370422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4911489188671112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/style","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","score":0.41147828102111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3373766541481018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2734299898147583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.16641873121261597}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778143727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820650","display_name":"Readability","level":2,"score":0.7791298627853394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6303645372390747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5810103416442871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.5739381909370422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4911489188671112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.41147828102111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3373766541481018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2734299898147583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.16641873121261597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41060-023-00437-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41060-023-00437-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195017","display_name":"International Journal of Data Science and Analytics","issn_l":"2364-415X","issn":["2364-415X","2364-4168"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Data Science and Analytics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5899999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2003088314","https://openalex.org/W2473555522","https://openalex.org/W2512312881","https://openalex.org/W2599743206","https://openalex.org/W2741065173","https://openalex.org/W2785615365","https://openalex.org/W2794585602","https://openalex.org/W2911735741","https://openalex.org/W2953980153","https://openalex.org/W2954858824","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963362380","https://openalex.org/W2972735048","https://openalex.org/W3045555759","https://openalex.org/W3089168810","https://openalex.org/W3098124506","https://openalex.org/W3098252703","https://openalex.org/W3168175209","https://openalex.org/W3169973903","https://openalex.org/W3184161195","https://openalex.org/W3186267293","https://openalex.org/W4205415902","https://openalex.org/W4206192262","https://openalex.org/W4302811240","https://openalex.org/W4312441209","https://openalex.org/W4323838292","https://openalex.org/W4391156274"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2081830265","https://openalex.org/W2051200425","https://openalex.org/W4288074995","https://openalex.org/W1536766427","https://openalex.org/W4238586611","https://openalex.org/W2515969066","https://openalex.org/W1965736998","https://openalex.org/W2272362060","https://openalex.org/W2074169717"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}