{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2605330569","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40815-017-0313-2","title":"Decision Making with Uncertainty Using Hesitant Fuzzy Sets","display_name":"Decision Making with Uncertainty Using Hesitant Fuzzy Sets","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-04-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2605330569","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40815-017-0313-2","mag":"2605330569"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40815-017-0313-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40815-017-0313-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40815-017-0313-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18792341","display_name":"International Journal of Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1562-2479","issn":["1562-2479","2199-3211"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40815-017-0313-2.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007942600","display_name":"Shahzad Faizi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2045-5323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87482320","display_name":"University of Management and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0095xcq10","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahzad Faizi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Management and Technology, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Management and Technology, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045904242","display_name":"Tabasam Rashid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8691-1088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87482320","display_name":"University of Management and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0095xcq10","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tabasam Rashid","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Management and Technology, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Management and Technology, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030757656","display_name":"Wojciech Sa\u0142abun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7076-2519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155313962","display_name":"West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin","ror":"https://ror.org/0596m7f19","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155313962"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wojciech Sa\u0142abun","raw_affiliation_strings":["West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155313962"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087407068","display_name":"Sohail Zafar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87482320","display_name":"University of Management and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0095xcq10","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sohail Zafar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Management and Technology, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Management and Technology, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069226693","display_name":"Jaros\u0142aw W\u0105tr\u00f3bski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4415-9414"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155313962","display_name":"West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin","ror":"https://ror.org/0596m7f19","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155313962"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaros\u0142aw W\u0105tr\u00f3bski","raw_affiliation_strings":["West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155313962"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030757656"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155313962"],"apc_list":{"value":3490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3490},"apc_paid":{"value":3490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3490},"fwci":22.0128,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":186,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99563924,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"1","first_page":"93","last_page":"103"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12805","display_name":"Cognitive Science and Mapping","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comet","display_name":"Comet","score":0.8561978936195374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-criteria-decision-analysis","display_name":"Multiple-criteria decision analysis","score":0.7302969694137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6478824019432068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rank","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","score":0.5847019553184509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5631921291351318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-set","display_name":"Fuzzy set","score":0.5224125385284424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-intelligence","display_name":"Computational intelligence","score":0.5036339163780212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.481231689453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3341500759124756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.31015849113464355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.23006996512413025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.06362965703010559}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94081185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3559","display_name":"Comet","level":2,"score":0.8561978936195374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11105738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1895805","display_name":"Multiple-criteria decision analysis","level":2,"score":0.7302969694137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6478824019432068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164226766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293202","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5847019553184509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5631921291351318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42011625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1055058","display_name":"Fuzzy set","level":3,"score":0.5224125385284424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139502532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122090","display_name":"Computational intelligence","level":2,"score":0.5036339163780212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.481231689453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3341500759124756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.31015849113464355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23006996512413025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06362965703010559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40815-017-0313-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40815-017-0313-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40815-017-0313-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18792341","display_name":"International Journal of Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1562-2479","issn":["1562-2479","2199-3211"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40815-017-0313-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40815-017-0313-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40815-017-0313-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18792341","display_name":"International Journal of Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1562-2479","issn":["1562-2479","2199-3211"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2605330569.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2605330569.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15683501","https://openalex.org/W132660518","https://openalex.org/W173895910","https://openalex.org/W344536694","https://openalex.org/W1480261419","https://openalex.org/W1485268022","https://openalex.org/W1543403517","https://openalex.org/W1604950464","https://openalex.org/W1731455596","https://openalex.org/W1775508784","https://openalex.org/W1972591816","https://openalex.org/W1976115933","https://openalex.org/W1978062397","https://openalex.org/W1980564456","https://openalex.org/W1990711496","https://openalex.org/W2001569942","https://openalex.org/W2003992246","https://openalex.org/W2020244384","https://openalex.org/W2025671038","https://openalex.org/W2029982592","https://openalex.org/W2032066396","https://openalex.org/W2046952409","https://openalex.org/W2050262998","https://openalex.org/W2060986412","https://openalex.org/W2063472729","https://openalex.org/W2068069653","https://openalex.org/W2068843436","https://openalex.org/W2069750915","https://openalex.org/W2070884262","https://openalex.org/W2075654578","https://openalex.org/W2080687974","https://openalex.org/W2087748748","https://openalex.org/W2091957041","https://openalex.org/W2096011273","https://openalex.org/W2096768134","https://openalex.org/W2107336989","https://openalex.org/W2118300437","https://openalex.org/W2131390763","https://openalex.org/W2139487545","https://openalex.org/W2157041604","https://openalex.org/W2157452305","https://openalex.org/W2168004404","https://openalex.org/W2273325175","https://openalex.org/W2314573341","https://openalex.org/W2327408831","https://openalex.org/W2329660648","https://openalex.org/W2333879426","https://openalex.org/W2476864322","https://openalex.org/W2484215240","https://openalex.org/W2494130811","https://openalex.org/W2499828064","https://openalex.org/W2912565176","https://openalex.org/W3144078608","https://openalex.org/W4210956414","https://openalex.org/W4210963074","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W4211087263","https://openalex.org/W4212801147","https://openalex.org/W4236771570","https://openalex.org/W4245152641","https://openalex.org/W4246352385","https://openalex.org/W6609612030"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2061245293","https://openalex.org/W3049149308","https://openalex.org/W3036339064","https://openalex.org/W3132686465","https://openalex.org/W3080418168","https://openalex.org/W3031501629","https://openalex.org/W2985497073","https://openalex.org/W3017696152","https://openalex.org/W3006542304","https://openalex.org/W3017046140"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Actual":[0],"existing":[1],"multi-criteria":[2],"decision-making":[3],"(MCDM)":[4],"methods":[5,15],"yield":[6],"results":[7],"that":[8,92],"may":[9],"be":[10],"questionable":[11],"and":[12,23,30,100,113,117,133],"unreliable.":[13],"These":[14],"very":[16],"often":[17],"ignore":[18],"the":[19,41,53,90,110],"issue":[20],"of":[21,33,115],"uncertainty":[22,91],"rank":[24,54],"reversal":[25,55],"paradox,":[26,56],"which":[27],"are":[28],"fundamental":[29],"important":[31],"challenges":[32],"MCDM":[34],"methods.":[35],"In":[36,66],"response":[37],"to":[38,52,71,88,123],"these":[39],"challenges,":[40],"Characteristic":[42],"Objects":[43],"Method":[44],"(COMET)":[45],"was":[46],"developed.":[47],"Despite":[48],"it":[49],"being":[50],"immune":[51],"classical":[57],"COMET":[58,73,126],"is":[59,84],"not":[60],"designed":[61],"for":[62,104],"uncertain,":[63],"decisional":[64],"problems.":[65],"this":[67],"paper,":[68],"we":[69,118],"propose":[70],"extend":[72],"using":[74],"hesitant":[75],"fuzzy":[76,81],"set":[77,82],"(HFS)":[78],"theory.":[79],"Hesitant":[80],"theory":[83],"a":[85],"powerful":[86],"tool":[87],"express":[89],"derives":[93],"from":[94],"an":[95,120],"expert":[96],"comparing":[97],"characteristic":[98],"objects":[99],"identifying":[101],"membership":[102],"functions":[103],"each":[105],"criterion":[106],"domain.":[107],"We":[108],"present":[109],"theoretical":[111],"foundations":[112],"principles":[114],"COMET,":[116],"provide":[119],"illustrative":[121],"example":[122],"show":[124],"how":[125],"handles":[127],"uncertain":[128],"decision":[129],"problems":[130],"both":[131],"practically":[132],"effectively.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
