{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413994560","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-025-02047-9","title":"MSCADMpox: A novel multi-stage classification model for effective monkeypox classification","display_name":"MSCADMpox: A novel multi-stage classification model for effective monkeypox classification","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413994560","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-025-02047-9"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-025-02047-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-025-02047-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-025-02047-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-025-02047-9.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083506987","display_name":"Doaa Ahmed Arafa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3340-6472"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159247623","display_name":"Mansoura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Doaa Ahmed Arafa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Computers and Control Systems Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35511, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Computers and Control Systems Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35511, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060445025","display_name":"Sarah M. Ayyad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8356-1644"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159247623","display_name":"Mansoura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah M. Ayyad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Computers and Control Systems Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35511, Egypt","Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura National University, Gamasa, 35712, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Computers and Control Systems Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35511, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura National University, Gamasa, 35712, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006750466","display_name":"Mohamed M. Abdelsalam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1387-6522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159247623","display_name":"Mansoura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed M. Abdelsalam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Computers and Control Systems Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35511, Egypt","Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura National University, Gamasa, 35712, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Computers and Control Systems Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35511, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura National University, Gamasa, 35712, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083506987"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"],"apc_list":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"apc_paid":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"fwci":1.1011,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80902206,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"10","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11767","display_name":"Poxvirus research and outbreaks","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11767","display_name":"Poxvirus research and outbreaks","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11048","display_name":"Bacteriophages and microbial interactions","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11515","display_name":"Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research","score":0.9746000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monkeypox","display_name":"Monkeypox","score":0.8797357082366943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-intelligence","display_name":"Computational intelligence","score":0.6781277656555176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stage","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","score":0.6681665778160095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4740045964717865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43118253350257874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4266122579574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.32844382524490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.1646629273891449}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778011067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q382370","display_name":"Monkeypox","level":5,"score":0.8797357082366943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139502532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122090","display_name":"Computational intelligence","level":2,"score":0.6781277656555176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146357865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.6681665778160095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4740045964717865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43118253350257874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4266122579574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32844382524490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1646629273891449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40767141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285697","display_name":"Recombinant DNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781356689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1986297","display_name":"Vaccinia","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-025-02047-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-025-02047-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-025-02047-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:38848c80328d45bf913377b44d844504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/38848c80328d45bf913377b44d844504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems, Vol 11, Iss 10, Pp 1-27 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-025-02047-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-025-02047-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-025-02047-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325716","display_name":"Mansoura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413994560.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413994560.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2965837582","https://openalex.org/W3033909547","https://openalex.org/W3136027747","https://openalex.org/W4206806999","https://openalex.org/W4281260666","https://openalex.org/W4298109558","https://openalex.org/W4302286670","https://openalex.org/W4303953748","https://openalex.org/W4309896570","https://openalex.org/W4310813919","https://openalex.org/W4311194505","https://openalex.org/W4377104295","https://openalex.org/W4385453279","https://openalex.org/W4385471305","https://openalex.org/W4390987716","https://openalex.org/W4392174039","https://openalex.org/W4392738559","https://openalex.org/W4399034209","https://openalex.org/W4400009188","https://openalex.org/W4400026650","https://openalex.org/W4400468002","https://openalex.org/W4401871096","https://openalex.org/W4405234458","https://openalex.org/W4409150142","https://openalex.org/W4409679387","https://openalex.org/W4409852939"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2031710541","https://openalex.org/W4312205156","https://openalex.org/W4378651324","https://openalex.org/W4311511477","https://openalex.org/W4378807269","https://openalex.org/W4389060959","https://openalex.org/W2943342539","https://openalex.org/W4291000757","https://openalex.org/W1838217343","https://openalex.org/W4293236375"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Monkeypox":[1,71,175,182],"(Mpox)":[2],"is":[3,25,29,73],"a":[4,64,82,127,204,218],"skin":[5,47,231],"disease":[6,56],"that":[7,228],"appeared":[8],"after":[9],"the":[10,55,58,93,97,124,137,154,158,174,181,189,192,197,200,210,214,222,225,235,238,258,274,290,293],"COVID-19":[11],"pandemic":[12],"and":[13,33,95,111,121,151,162,180,217,250,270,286],"spread":[14],"to":[15,23,31,46,91,135,187],"127":[16],"countries.":[17],"Early":[18],"diagnosis":[19,50,198],"of":[20,191,213,237,292],"Mpox":[21],"according":[22,45],"symptoms":[24],"difficult":[26],"because":[27],"it":[28],"closer":[30],"measles":[32],"chickenpox":[34],"symptoms,":[35],"while":[36],"both":[37],"lesions":[38],"are":[39,102,252],"transmitted":[40],"through":[41],"respiratory":[42],"droplets.":[43],"However,":[44],"imaging,":[48],"computer-aided":[49],"systems":[51],"(CADs)":[52],"help":[53],"diagnose":[54],"in":[57,209,224,289],"early":[59],"stages.":[60,80],"In":[61],"this":[62],"study,":[63],"novel":[65],"model":[66,202,256],"called":[67,86],"multi-stage":[68],"CAD":[69],"for":[70,221],"(MSCADMpox)":[72],"proposed.":[74],"The":[75,254],"proposed":[76,84,193,201,239,255],"MSCADMpox":[77,275],"comprises":[78],"multiple":[79],"Firstly,":[81],"new":[83,128],"technique":[85],"RSWGAN-GP":[87],"has":[88,260,276],"been":[89,172],"introduced":[90],"balance":[92],"dataset":[94,216,227],"address":[96],"overfitting":[98],"issues.":[99],"Secondly,":[100],"features":[101,150],"extracted":[103],"by":[104,146],"using":[105,257],"different":[106],"handcrafted":[107],"feature":[108,129,144],"extraction":[109],"techniques":[110],"four":[112,230],"pre-trained":[113],"models,":[114],"such":[115,244],"as":[116,245],"Vision":[117],"Transformer,":[118],"VGG16,":[119],"VGG19,":[120],"ResNet50.":[122],"At":[123],"third":[125],"stage,":[126],"selection":[130,145,155],"technique,":[131],"MBGWO,":[132],"was":[133],"applied":[134],"select":[136],"most":[138],"suitable":[139],"features.":[140],"MBGWO":[141],"enhances":[142],"optimal":[143],"identifying":[147],"high-value":[148],"frequent":[149],"repeatedly":[152],"refining":[153],"based":[156],"on":[157],"best":[159],"solution,":[160],"mean,":[161],"standard":[163],"deviation":[164],"among":[165],"all":[166],"wolves.":[167],"Finally,":[168],"two":[169],"datasets":[170],"have":[171],"used,":[173],"Skin":[176,183],"Lesion":[177],"Dataset":[178,185],"(MSLD)":[179],"Image":[184],"(MSID),":[186],"ensure":[188],"effectiveness":[190,236],"model.":[194],"To":[195,233],"automate":[196],"process,":[199],"uses":[203],"support":[205],"vector":[206],"machine":[207],"(SVM)":[208],"binary":[211],"classification":[212],"MSLD":[215,259],"random":[219],"forest":[220],"multiclassification":[223],"MSID":[226,294],"contains":[229],"lesions.":[232],"assess":[234],"model,":[240],"comprehensive":[241],"performance":[242],"metrics":[243],"accuracy,":[246,263,279],"precision,":[247,265,281],"recall,":[248,267,283],"F1-score,":[249,269,285],"specificity":[251,288],"employed.":[253],"achieved":[261,277],"90.54%":[262],"91.43%":[264],"88.49%":[266],"90.14%":[268],"90.5%":[271],"specificity.":[272],"Moreover,":[273],"91.88%":[278,282],"92.21%":[280],"91.62%":[284],"96.93%":[287],"case":[291],"dataset.":[295]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-17T17:19:04.345684","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}