{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411103901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-025-01948-z","title":"Cognition of decision behavior based on belief state: a case study of implementation in CGF simulation system","display_name":"Cognition of decision behavior based on belief state: a case study of implementation in CGF simulation system","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411103901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-025-01948-z"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-025-01948-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-025-01948-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-025-01948-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex &amp; Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-025-01948-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100379892","display_name":"Jintao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0226-7051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125904092","display_name":"Shenyang Aerospace University","ror":"https://ror.org/02423gm04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125904092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097147","display_name":"Shijia Photons (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0114yxd88","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097147"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jintao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Civil Aviation College, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China","Henan Shijia Photons Technology Co., Ltd.,, Hebi, 458030, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Civil Aviation College, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125904092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Henan Shijia Photons Technology Co., Ltd.,, Hebi, 458030, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Huaiqi Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125904092","display_name":"Shenyang Aerospace University","ror":"https://ror.org/02423gm04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125904092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huaiqi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Civil Aviation College, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Civil Aviation College, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125904092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034365665","display_name":"Li\u2010Na Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6376-8506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125904092","display_name":"Shenyang Aerospace University","ror":"https://ror.org/02423gm04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125904092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lina Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Civil Aviation College, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Civil Aviation College, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125904092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100617681","display_name":"Yulong Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6112-6975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125904092","display_name":"Shenyang Aerospace University","ror":"https://ror.org/02423gm04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125904092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yulong Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Civil Aviation College, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Civil Aviation College, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125904092"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100669693","display_name":"Yun-Ting Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0306-8065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunting Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100379892"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125904092","https://openalex.org/I4210097147"],"apc_list":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"apc_paid":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"fwci":2.2283,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88960462,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"7","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-intelligence","display_name":"Computational intelligence","score":0.7370055317878723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.6427292823791504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.6067790389060974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4817959666252136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.45558154582977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.403558611869812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.36861586570739746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3433712124824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.3415612578392029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23173373937606812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.07490092515945435}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139502532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122090","display_name":"Computational intelligence","level":2,"score":0.7370055317878723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.6427292823791504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6067790389060974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4817959666252136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.45558154582977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.403558611869812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.36861586570739746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3433712124824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.3415612578392029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23173373937606812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.07490092515945435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-025-01948-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-025-01948-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-025-01948-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex &amp; Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f1b37f3bf2614c73a26af8167fa3d2c7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f1b37f3bf2614c73a26af8167fa3d2c7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems, Vol 11, Iss 7, Pp 1-22 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-025-01948-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-025-01948-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-025-01948-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex &amp; Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7099999785423279}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324560","display_name":"Department of Education of Liaoning Province","ror":"https://ror.org/0022v2454"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411103901.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411103901.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1589331835","https://openalex.org/W1625390266","https://openalex.org/W1978829838","https://openalex.org/W1997509065","https://openalex.org/W2022504108","https://openalex.org/W2065070540","https://openalex.org/W2073266192","https://openalex.org/W2081342678","https://openalex.org/W2180809782","https://openalex.org/W2257979135","https://openalex.org/W2287267668","https://openalex.org/W2900429176","https://openalex.org/W2912661944","https://openalex.org/W2940508125","https://openalex.org/W2979390950","https://openalex.org/W3024044737","https://openalex.org/W3097896543","https://openalex.org/W3159320153","https://openalex.org/W4205562870","https://openalex.org/W4205920088","https://openalex.org/W4225522867","https://openalex.org/W4256361765","https://openalex.org/W4282562513","https://openalex.org/W4282914661","https://openalex.org/W4299335686","https://openalex.org/W4312790132","https://openalex.org/W4378627965","https://openalex.org/W4382045857","https://openalex.org/W4387846904","https://openalex.org/W4390705188","https://openalex.org/W4392603466","https://openalex.org/W4392857297","https://openalex.org/W4395028520","https://openalex.org/W4395116040","https://openalex.org/W4401384268","https://openalex.org/W4403999751"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2736674626","https://openalex.org/W2973875853","https://openalex.org/W1987895166","https://openalex.org/W4295529468","https://openalex.org/W4225150523","https://openalex.org/W2081348319","https://openalex.org/W1974622901","https://openalex.org/W4248151009","https://openalex.org/W3127991229","https://openalex.org/W2074627502"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,18,64,85,91,111,116,129,188,209,215,232],"field":[2],"of":[3,10,21,35,68,77,115,187],"modern":[4],"military":[5,23],"warfare,":[6],"decision":[7,65,75,149,179,183,194,217,222],"behavior":[8,66,76,150,195,218],"modeling":[9,67,151],"Agents":[11,69,78],"is":[12,82,88,97,109,120,154,235],"a":[13,124,147],"critical":[14],"approach":[15],"for":[16],"simulating":[17],"decision-making":[19],"process":[20],"various":[22],"entities":[24],"in":[25,70,79,99,134,144,172,227,231],"battlefield":[26,48,72,118,136],"environments.":[27,73],"However,":[28],"existing":[29],"models":[30],"suffer":[31],"from":[32],"instability,":[33],"lack":[34],"flexibility":[36],"and":[37,39,56,160,168,181,193,204,224,234],"adaptability,":[38],"difficult":[40,140],"to":[41,141,229],"generate":[42],"effective":[43,225],"decisions":[44,143],"when":[45],"facing":[46],"complex":[47,135],"environments":[49,81,137],"characterized":[50],"by":[51,122,156],"high":[52],"dynamics,":[53],"incomplete":[54],"information,":[55],"large":[57,130],"state-action":[58],"spaces.":[59],"Therefore,":[60],"this":[61],"paper":[62],"addresses":[63],"above":[71],"Firstly,":[74],"dynamic":[80],"time":[83],"continuous,":[84],"UCTCD":[86],"algorithm":[87],"incorporate":[89],"into":[90],"planning":[92,159,167,196],"method;":[93],"Secondly,":[94],"some":[95,100],"information":[96],"unobservable":[98],"scenarios,":[101],"an":[102],"environmental":[103],"state":[104,119,191],"sampling":[105,192],"method":[106,152],"named":[107],"SBS-UCTCD":[108],"proposed,":[110],"most":[112],"likely":[113],"estimate":[114],"current":[117],"obtained":[121],"maintaining":[123],"single":[125],"belief":[126],"state;":[127],"Finally,":[128],"tree":[131],"search":[132],"space":[133],"makes":[138],"it":[139],"make":[142],"limited":[145],"time,":[146],"hybrid":[148],"HS-UCTCD":[153],"proposed":[155,189,216],"combining":[157],"HTN":[158,166],"SBS-UCTCD,":[161,176],"decomposing":[162],"high-level":[163],"tasks":[164,174],"through":[165,175],"searching":[169],"optimal":[170],"actions":[171],"refined":[173],"thereby":[177],"enhancing":[178],"efficiency":[180],"reducing":[182],"time.":[184],"The":[185],"performance":[186],"environment":[190,233],"methods":[197],"are":[198],"validated":[199],"respectively":[200],"with":[201],"different":[202,206],"AIs":[203],"on":[205,208],"maps":[207],"microRTS":[210],"platform.":[211],"Experiments":[212],"show":[213],"that":[214],"model":[219],"enables":[220],"rapid":[221],"making":[223],"execution":[226],"response":[228],"changes":[230],"more":[236],"versatile.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
