{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385311368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-023-01175-4","title":"Smart cities: the role of Internet of Things and machine learning in realizing a data-centric smart environment","display_name":"Smart cities: the role of Internet of Things and machine learning in realizing a data-centric smart environment","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385311368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-023-01175-4"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-023-01175-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-023-01175-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-023-01175-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-023-01175-4.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022198154","display_name":"Amin Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1911-4270"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192392021","display_name":"University of Central Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/04g0mqe67","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192392021"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}],"countries":["CN","PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amin Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Information Technology and Computer Science, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan","Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1911-4270","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Information Technology and Computer Science, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192392021"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101227979","display_name":"Syed Myhammad Anwar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336742384","display_name":"Children's National","ror":"https://ror.org/03wa2q724","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336742384"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Myhammad Anwar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shaikh Zayed institute, Children\u2019s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shaikh Zayed institute, Children\u2019s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1336742384"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100393880","display_name":"Jianqiang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1995-9249"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianqiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering Research Center for IoT Software and Systems, Beijing, 100124, China","Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1995-9249","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center for IoT Software and Systems, Beijing, 100124, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054871081","display_name":"Lubna Nadeem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2061-7329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173207729","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology Taxila","ror":"https://ror.org/03v00ka07","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173207729"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lubna Nadeem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila, Taxila, 47050, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila, Taxila, 47050, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173207729"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055052519","display_name":"Tariq Mahmood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-7756"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142024983","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5100685","display_name":"University of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/052z7nw84","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5100685"]}],"countries":["PK","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tariq Mahmood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics (AIDA) Lab, CCIS Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 11586, Saudi Arabia","Faculty of Information Sciences, University of Education, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-7756","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics (AIDA) Lab, CCIS Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 11586, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Sciences, University of Education, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5100685"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107939212","display_name":"Amjad Rehman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142024983","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amjad Rehman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics (AIDA) Lab, CCIS Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 11586, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0101-0329","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics (AIDA) Lab, CCIS Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 11586, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018549351","display_name":"Tanzila Saba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3138-3801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142024983","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tanzila Saba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics (AIDA) Lab, CCIS Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 11586, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3138-3801","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics (AIDA) Lab, CCIS Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 11586, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022198154"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192392021","https://openalex.org/I37796252"],"apc_list":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"apc_paid":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"fwci":32.873,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":218,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99972358,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"1607","last_page":"1637"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11479","display_name":"Smart Cities and Technologies","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-city","display_name":"Smart city","score":0.8067341446876526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.6584992408752441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-data","display_name":"Big data","score":0.6226323246955872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6057127118110657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.5976088047027588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.5911731719970703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4942350685596466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.421726256608963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.38813912868499756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2874085307121277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.07979646325111389}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777103469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231558","display_name":"Smart city","level":3,"score":0.8067341446876526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.6584992408752441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.6226323246955872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6057127118110657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.5976088047027588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.5911731719970703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4942350685596466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.421726256608963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.38813912868499756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2874085307121277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.07979646325111389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-023-01175-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-023-01175-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-023-01175-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:691a9e64c8b84188b5e468da53a558b8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/691a9e64c8b84188b5e468da53a558b8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1607-1637 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-023-01175-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-023-01175-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-023-01175-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.699999988079071,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327702","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385311368.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":124,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W207939201","https://openalex.org/W1480305125","https://openalex.org/W1491541693","https://openalex.org/W1496083254","https://openalex.org/W1497474439","https://openalex.org/W1628824552","https://openalex.org/W1690148500","https://openalex.org/W1964993650","https://openalex.org/W1969484178","https://openalex.org/W1973019649","https://openalex.org/W1975325122","https://openalex.org/W1978516841","https://openalex.org/W1985539070","https://openalex.org/W1992942660","https://openalex.org/W1995932334","https://openalex.org/W2000804026","https://openalex.org/W2005757740","https://openalex.org/W2017644697","https://openalex.org/W2049123222","https://openalex.org/W2049329086","https://openalex.org/W2051013472","https://openalex.org/W2055819116","https://openalex.org/W2061052237","https://openalex.org/W2066178851","https://openalex.org/W2074013628","https://openalex.org/W2074066189","https://openalex.org/W2079421249","https://openalex.org/W2107726111","https://openalex.org/W2109094293","https://openalex.org/W2118020653","https://openalex.org/W2122111042","https://openalex.org/W2129018774","https://openalex.org/W2136330951","https://openalex.org/W2138480916","https://openalex.org/W2139622435","https://openalex.org/W2141456801","https://openalex.org/W2145352197","https://openalex.org/W2148290050","https://openalex.org/W2150747312","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2167020778","https://openalex.org/W2167332923","https://openalex.org/W2182617692","https://openalex.org/W2238499080","https://openalex.org/W2247462025","https://openalex.org/W2277019862","https://openalex.org/W2293537557","https://openalex.org/W2300111954","https://openalex.org/W2334793245","https://openalex.org/W2342408547","https://openalex.org/W2413163873","https://openalex.org/W2418029982","https://openalex.org/W2428676232","https://openalex.org/W2437812994","https://openalex.org/W2460484423","https://openalex.org/W2475667482","https://openalex.org/W2480239664","https://openalex.org/W2508821345","https://openalex.org/W2512412553","https://openalex.org/W2519010468","https://openalex.org/W2521054263","https://openalex.org/W2528054895","https://openalex.org/W2559010931","https://openalex.org/W2560771019","https://openalex.org/W2566729380","https://openalex.org/W2577611377","https://openalex.org/W2581082771","https://openalex.org/W2597645663","https://openalex.org/W2601707599","https://openalex.org/W2604442880","https://openalex.org/W2606416966","https://openalex.org/W2606437410","https://openalex.org/W2608231518","https://openalex.org/W2611650229","https://openalex.org/W2730576687","https://openalex.org/W2739750598","https://openalex.org/W2744079410","https://openalex.org/W2745075853","https://openalex.org/W2748902594","https://openalex.org/W2752737474","https://openalex.org/W2765435434","https://openalex.org/W2772723798","https://openalex.org/W2795774310","https://openalex.org/W2807121762","https://openalex.org/W2807451695","https://openalex.org/W2886287510","https://openalex.org/W2889846135","https://openalex.org/W2896287590","https://openalex.org/W2896817483","https://openalex.org/W2897490102","https://openalex.org/W2898192966","https://openalex.org/W2906295032","https://openalex.org/W2908201961","https://openalex.org/W2909445826","https://openalex.org/W2911390145","https://openalex.org/W2945547568","https://openalex.org/W2980306181","https://openalex.org/W3009311085","https://openalex.org/W3086811561","https://openalex.org/W3094946486","https://openalex.org/W3098915991","https://openalex.org/W3101156210","https://openalex.org/W3114266307","https://openalex.org/W3135474769","https://openalex.org/W3153187775","https://openalex.org/W3158464445","https://openalex.org/W3191903242","https://openalex.org/W3195157635","https://openalex.org/W3197810240","https://openalex.org/W3200449052","https://openalex.org/W3206057571","https://openalex.org/W3214763765","https://openalex.org/W4205414551","https://openalex.org/W4211176081","https://openalex.org/W4211180129","https://openalex.org/W4229664111","https://openalex.org/W4231016689","https://openalex.org/W4251946874","https://openalex.org/W4310082948","https://openalex.org/W4310378994","https://openalex.org/W4310436611","https://openalex.org/W6601274740","https://openalex.org/W6604896550","https://openalex.org/W6812301526"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390608645","https://openalex.org/W4247566972","https://openalex.org/W2960264696","https://openalex.org/W3090563135","https://openalex.org/W2497432351","https://openalex.org/W2921937052","https://openalex.org/W2594589918","https://openalex.org/W2915637974","https://openalex.org/W2800554002","https://openalex.org/W4296618677"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1,72],"paper":[2,73,97],"explores":[3],"the":[4,10,13,36,44,84,121,129,155],"concept":[5],"of":[6,12,15,38,46,77,103,131,158],"smart":[7,26,60,78,105,159],"cities":[8,29],"and":[9,18,32,42,50,70,82,90,110,127,135,146],"role":[11],"Internet":[14],"Things":[16],"(IoT)":[17],"machine":[19,51,91,111],"learning":[20,52,92,112],"(ML)":[21],"in":[22,93],"realizing":[23],"a":[24],"data-centric":[25],"environment.":[27],"Smart":[28],"leverage":[30],"technology":[31],"data":[33,67,143],"to":[34,123,153],"improve":[35],"quality":[37],"life":[39],"for":[40,58],"citizens":[41],"enhance":[43],"efficiency":[45],"urban":[47,94,125],"services.":[48],"IoT":[49,89,109],"have":[53,120],"emerged":[54],"as":[55],"key":[56],"technologies":[57,119],"enabling":[59],"city":[61,106],"solutions":[62],"that":[63,117],"rely":[64],"on":[65],"large-scale":[66],"collection,":[68],"analysis,":[69],"decision-making.":[71],"presents":[74],"an":[75],"overview":[76],"cities\u2019":[79],"various":[80],"applications":[81],"discusses":[83],"challenges":[85,140],"associated":[86],"with":[87],"implementing":[88],"environments.":[95],"The":[96,114],"also":[98],"compares":[99],"different":[100],"case":[101],"studies":[102],"successful":[104],"implementations":[107],"utilizing":[108],"technologies.":[113],"findings":[115],"suggest":[116],"these":[118],"potential":[122,157],"transform":[124],"environments":[126],"enable":[128],"creation":[130],"more":[132],"livable,":[133],"sustainable,":[134],"efficient":[136],"cities.":[137,160],"However,":[138],"significant":[139],"remain":[141],"regarding":[142],"privacy,":[144],"security,":[145],"ethical":[147],"considerations,":[148],"which":[149],"must":[150],"be":[151],"addressed":[152],"realize":[154],"full":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":117},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":76},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-12-25T23:11:45.687758","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}