{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4308588387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-022-00906-3","title":"Memory-based crowd-aware robot navigation using deep reinforcement learning","display_name":"Memory-based crowd-aware robot navigation using deep reinforcement learning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4308588387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-022-00906-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-022-00906-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-022-00906-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-022-00906-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex &amp; Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-022-00906-3.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020854707","display_name":"Sunil Srivatsav Samsani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3655-1093"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunil Srivatsav Samsani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Artificial Intelligence, Sungkyunkwan University, Natural Sciences Campus, Suwon, 16419, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Artificial Intelligence, Sungkyunkwan University, Natural Sciences Campus, Suwon, 16419, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086243952","display_name":"Husna Mutahira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4621-4883"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Husna Mutahira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088729266","display_name":"Mannan Saeed Muhammad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3036-4660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mannan Saeed Muhammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Natural Sciences Campus, Suwon, 16419, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Natural Sciences Campus, Suwon, 16419, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086243952","https://openalex.org/A5088729266"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991","https://openalex.org/I848706"],"apc_list":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"apc_paid":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"fwci":2.644,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89354628,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"2","first_page":"2147","last_page":"2158"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.8408505916595459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6842089891433716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.6832335591316223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.653626024723053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.47674310207366943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.46143293380737305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement","display_name":"Reinforcement","score":0.4489910304546356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.35905158519744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09156188368797302}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.8408505916595459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6842089891433716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.6832335591316223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.653626024723053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.47674310207366943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.46143293380737305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.4489910304546356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.35905158519744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09156188368797302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-022-00906-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-022-00906-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-022-00906-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex &amp; Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8932eea385b642df927b0c11eeca85f5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8932eea385b642df927b0c11eeca85f5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems, Vol 9, Iss 2, Pp 2147-2158 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-022-00906-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-022-00906-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-022-00906-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex &amp; Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1599610410","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF- 2022R1G1A1012746","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2191473729","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019-0-00421","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2648752354","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No.2019-0-00421","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3510917025","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022R1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5080715506","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019-0-00421","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321378","funder_display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5294376737","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022R1G1A1012746","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G626505518","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. 201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8043575614","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2022R1G1A1012746","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8874964841","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019-0-00421","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G982292920","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321378","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324891","display_name":"Iran Telecommunication Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01a3g2z22"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4308588387.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4308588387.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W192919555","https://openalex.org/W2015571084","https://openalex.org/W2036416820","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2082585576","https://openalex.org/W2142943472","https://openalex.org/W2167052694","https://openalex.org/W2604216058","https://openalex.org/W2766836212","https://openalex.org/W2782298334","https://openalex.org/W2786350915","https://openalex.org/W2854790625","https://openalex.org/W2890001928","https://openalex.org/W2894528744","https://openalex.org/W2903958234","https://openalex.org/W2912215027","https://openalex.org/W2932410350","https://openalex.org/W2963114745","https://openalex.org/W2963809389","https://openalex.org/W2963821308","https://openalex.org/W2964199361","https://openalex.org/W2964319688","https://openalex.org/W2970119745","https://openalex.org/W3005857605","https://openalex.org/W3033227010","https://openalex.org/W3130520215","https://openalex.org/W3132166349","https://openalex.org/W3152777725","https://openalex.org/W3165688178","https://openalex.org/W3174576397","https://openalex.org/W3211624757","https://openalex.org/W3212905267","https://openalex.org/W4205128436","https://openalex.org/W4210654447","https://openalex.org/W4285047690","https://openalex.org/W6604896550"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2920061524","https://openalex.org/W4310083477","https://openalex.org/W1977959518","https://openalex.org/W2038908348","https://openalex.org/W2107890255","https://openalex.org/W2106552856","https://openalex.org/W1987513656","https://openalex.org/W2072376847","https://openalex.org/W2089013912","https://openalex.org/W2145821588"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,54,106,165],"evolution":[2],"of":[3,41,115,172,190],"learning":[4,101],"techniques":[5,114],"has":[6],"led":[7],"robotics":[8],"to":[9,35,58,85,177,195,213],"have":[10],"a":[11,162,169,187],"considerable":[12],"influence":[13],"in":[14,22,44,98,161,204],"industrial":[15],"and":[16,33,64,93,133,148,154,186],"household":[17],"applications.":[18,37],"With":[19],"the":[20,25,72,87,91,95,99,112,143,214],"progress":[21],"technology":[23],"revolution,":[24],"demand":[26],"for":[27,103],"service":[28,42],"robots":[29,43],"is":[30,51,56,109,210],"rapidly":[31],"growing":[32],"extends":[34],"many":[36],"However,":[38],"efficient":[39],"navigation":[40],"crowded":[45,163],"environments,":[46],"with":[47,111,122],"unpredictable":[48],"human":[49],"behaviors,":[50],"still":[52],"challenging.":[53],"robot":[55],"supposed":[57],"recognize":[59],"surrounding":[60],"information":[61],"while":[62,159],"navigating,":[63],"then":[65],"act":[66],"accordingly.":[67],"To":[68],"address":[69],"this":[70],"issue,":[71],"proposed":[73,107,144,166,216],"method":[74,108,145,167],"crowd":[75],"Aware":[76],"Memory-based":[77],"Reinforcement":[78,124,130,136],"Learning":[79,125,131,137],"(CAM-RL)":[80],"uses":[81],"gated":[82],"recurrent":[83],"units":[84],"store":[86],"relative":[88],"dependencies":[89],"among":[90],"crowd,":[92],"utilizes":[94],"human\u2013robot":[96,150],"interactions":[97,151],"reinforcement":[100],"framework":[102],"collision-free":[104],"navigation.":[105],"compared":[110,212],"state-of-the-art":[113],"multi-agent":[116],"navigation,":[117],"such":[118],"as":[119],"Collision":[120],"Avoidance":[121],"Deep":[123],"(CADRL),":[126],"Long":[127],"Short-Term":[128],"Memory":[129],"(LSTM-RL)":[132],"Social":[134],"Attention":[135],"(SARL).":[138],"Experimental":[139],"results":[140],"show":[141],"that":[142],"can":[146],"identify":[147],"learn":[149],"more":[152],"extensively":[153],"efficiently":[155],"than":[156,174,192],"above-mentioned":[157],"methods":[158],"navigating":[160],"environment.":[164],"achieved":[168],"success":[170],"rate":[171,189],"greater":[173],"or":[175,193],"equal":[176,194],"$$99\\%$$":[178],"<mml:math":[179,197],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\">":[180,198],"<mml:mrow>":[181,199],"<mml:mn>99</mml:mn>":[182],"<mml:mo>%</mml:mo>":[183,201],"</mml:mrow>":[184,202],"</mml:math>":[185,203],"collision":[188],"less":[191],"$$1\\%$$":[196],"<mml:mn>1</mml:mn>":[200],"all":[205],"test":[206],"case":[207],"scenarios,":[208],"which":[209],"better":[211],"previously":[215],"methods.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
